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Echidnina
Discussion
Historically considered to be either a hexactinellid sponge or a radiolarian
Taxonomy
Echidnina was named by Bengtson (1986) [Sepkoski's age data: Cm Dres-l].
It was assigned to Hexactinellida by Sepkoski (2002); to Teganiidae by Finks and Rigby (2004); and to Echidninidae by Kozur et al. (1996), De Wever et al. (2001), Won and Iams (2002), Won et al. (2007), Noble et al. (2017).
It was assigned to Hexactinellida by Sepkoski (2002); to Teganiidae by Finks and Rigby (2004); and to Echidninidae by Kozur et al. (1996), De Wever et al. (2001), Won and Iams (2002), Won et al. (2007), Noble et al. (2017).
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1986 | Echidnina Bengtson p. 202 |
| 1996 | Echidnina Kozur et al. p. 248 |
| 2001 | Echidnina De Wever et al. p. 87 |
| 2002 | Echidnina Sepkoski |
| 2002 | Echidnina Won and Iams p. 24 |
| 2004 | Echidnina Finks and Rigby p. 417 |
| 2007 | Echidnina Won et al. |
| 2017 | Echidnina Noble et al. p. 433 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
G. †Echidnina Bengtson 1986
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†Echidnina bengtsoni Kozur et al. 1996
†Echidnina conexa Won et al. 2005
†Echidnina conjuncta Won and Iams 2002
†Echidnina curvata Won and Iams 2002
†Echidnina immanis Won et al. 2005
†Echidnina irregularis Won and Iams 2002
†Echidnina laxa Won et al. 2005
†Echidnina monactina Won and Iams 2002
†Echidnina runnegari Bengtson 1986
†Echidnina semiconexa Won et al. 2005
†Echidnina severedeformis Won et al. 2005
†Echidnina stevensi Won and Iams 2002
Diagnosis
| Reference | Diagnosis | |
|---|---|---|
| M.-Z. Won and W. J. Iams 2002 | Individual spicules interlocked or fused, with or without losing their original spicular structure and forming generally an irregular to spherical hollow shell; spicules consisting of one(?), four, to ten rays. Commonly rays consisting of two vertical and more than four whorled rays. Rays arranged or fused so that no ray tip directed toward the center of the shell. |
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: p = phylum | |||||
| Reference: Kiessling 1999 | |||||
Age range: base of the Mindyallan to the top of the Tremadoc or 499.00000 to 477.10000 Ma
Collections (11 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mindyallan | Australia (Queensland) | E. runnegari (233863) | |
| Franconian | Canada (Newfoundland and Labrador) | E. irregularis (90966) E. sp., E. curvata, E. irregularis, E. stevensi (90968) E. sp., E. irregularis, E. monactina (90965) E. sp., E. irregularis, E. stevensi (90967) | |
| Trempealeauan | Canada (Newfoundland and Labrador) | E. irregularis (90969) E. sp., E. conjuncta, E. curvata (90971) E. sp., E. irregularis (90970) | |
| Tremadocian | Canada (Newfoundland and Labrador) | E. sp., E. bengtsoni (234138 234141) | |
| Tremadoc | USA (Nevada) | E. bengtsoni (90927) |