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Holophasmatodea
Taxonomy
Holophasmatodea was named by Grimaldi and Engel (2005). It is extant.
It was assigned to Eukinolabia by Bradler and Buckley (2011).
It was assigned to Eukinolabia by Bradler and Buckley (2011).
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 2005 | Holophasmatodea Grimaldi and Engel |
| 2011 | Holophasmatodea Bradler and Buckley |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Unr. Holophasmatodea Grimaldi and Engel 2005
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Fm. †Aerophasmidae Martynov 1928
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Subfm. †Aerophasmatinae Martynov 1928
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Subfm. †Chresmodellinae Bode 1953
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G. †Schesslitziella Kuhn 1952
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†Schesslitziella haupti Kuhn 1952
†Schesslitziella integra Bode 1953
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Invalid names: Chresmodella culminecontracta Bode 1953 [synonym]
Invalid names: Chresmodella Bode 1953 [synonym]
Subfm. †Cretophasmatinae Sharov 1968
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G. †Baissophasma Gorochov 1993
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†Baissophasma pilosum Gorochov 1993
†Baissophasma simile Gorochov 1993
G. †Cretophasma Sharov 1968
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†Cretophasma araripensis Martins-Neto 1989
†Cretophasma raggei Sharov 1968
Fm. †Aeroplanidae Tillyard 1918
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G. †Sharovoplana Gorochov and Maehr 2008
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†Sharovoplana affinis Sharov 1968
†Sharovoplana parallelica Gorochov 1994
Invalid names: Paraplana Sharov 1968 [replaced]
Or. Phasmatodea Jacobson and Bianchi 1902 [stick insect]
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Unr. Euphasmatodea Bradler 1999
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Unr. Neophasmatodea Engel et al. 2016
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G. †Elasmophasma Chen et al. 2018
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†Elasmophasma longitubus Yang et al. 2022
†Elasmophasma stictum Chen et al. 2018
Unr. Occidophasmata Simon et al. 2019
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Fm. Agathemeridae Bradler 2003
Subfm. Diapheromerinae Kirby 1904
Subfm. Pseudophasmatinae Rehn 1904
Invalid names: Diapheromeridae Kirby 1904 [invalid subgroup], Pseudophasmatidae Rehn 1904 [invalid subgroup], Pseudophasmatoidea Rehn 1904 [invalid subgroup]
Invalid names: Anareolatae Redtenbacher 1906 [invalid subgroup], Verophasmatodea Zompro 2004 [invalid subgroup]
Fm. †Pterophasmatidae Yang et al. 2019
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G. †Raphidium Westwood 1854
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†Raphidium brephos Westwood 1854
Invalid names: Ela Giebel 1856 [objective synonym]
Invalid names: Areolatae Redtenbacher 1906 [invalid subgroup], Chresmododea Martynov 1928 [empty], Necrophasmatodea Martynov 1925 [empty]
Superfm. †Prochresmodoidea Vishnyakova 1980
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Fm. †Permophasmatidae Gorochov 1992
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G. †Isadyphasma Gorochov 2013
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†Isadyphasma bashkuevi Gorochov 2013
†Isadyphasma deminutum Gorochov 2013
†Isadyphasma suchonae Gorochov 2013
Fm. †Prochresmodidae Vishnyakova 1980
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G. †Prochresmoda Sharov 1968
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†Prochresmoda longipoda Sharov 1968
†Prochresmoda media Gorochov 1994
†Prochresmoda minuta Gorochov 1994
†Prochresmoda parva Gorochov 1994
G. †Triassophasma Gorochov 1994
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†Triassophasma brevipoda Sharov 1968
†Triassophasma intermedium Gorochov 1994
†Triassophasma minutissimum Gorochov 1994
†Triassophasma pusillum Gorochov 1994
Superfm. †Susumanioidea Gorochov 1988
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Fm. †Susumaniidae Gorochov 1988
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Subfm. †Aclistophasmatinae Yang et al. 2020
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G. †Adjacivena Shang et al. 2011
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†Adjacivena grossa Yang et al. 2022
†Adjacivena rasnitsyni Shang et al. 2011
†Adjacivena reticulata Kuzmina 1985
Subfm. †Phasmomimoidinae Gorochov 1988
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G. †Phasmomimoides Sharov 1968
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†Phasmomimoides baissiense Sharov 1968
†Phasmomimoides lineatus Sharov 1968
†Phasmomimoides minutus Gorochov 2000
†Phasmomimoides reticulatus Kuzmina 1985
Subfm. †Susumaniinae Gorochov 1988
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G. †Cretophasmomima Kuzmina 1985
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†Cretophasmomima arkagalica Gorochov 1988
†Cretophasmomima burjatica Gorochov 1988
†Cretophasmomima clara Gorochov 1988
†Cretophasmomima maculatus Kuzmina 1985
†Cretophasmomima melanogramma Wang et al. 2014
†Cretophasmomima traceyae Xu et al. 2020
†Cretophasmomima vitimica Kuzmina 1985
G. †Eosusumania Gorochov 1988
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†Eosusumania fusca Gorochov 1988
†Eosusumania lata Kuzmina 1985
†Eosusumania ornata Kuzmina 1985
G. †Paraphasmomimella Kuzmina 1985
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†Paraphasmomimella chetanica Gorochov 1988
†Paraphasmomimella longa Kuzmina 1985
G. †Phasmomimella Kevan and Wighton 1981
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†Phasmomimella antiqua Kuzmina 1985
†Phasmomimella araripensis Martins-Neto 1991
†Phasmomimella paskapoensis Kevan and Wighton 1981
Invalid names: Hagiphasmatidae Ren 1997 [synonym], Kolymopterinae Gorochov 1988 [synonym]
Superfm. †Xiphopteridea Sharov 1968
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Fm. †Xiphopteridae Sharov 1968
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Invalid names: Aeroplanoptera Tillyard 1918 [synonym]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: c = class, p = phylum | |||||
| References: Bush and Bambach 2015, Kiessling 2004 | |||||
Age range
Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Kungurian to the top of the Pliocene or 283.30000 to 2.58000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 274.4 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 274.4 Ma
Collections (84 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kungurian | Russian Federation (Suksun) | Arachnophasma scurra (108206) | |
| Wuchiapingian | Mongolia | Permophasma kovalevi (97602) | |
| Wuchiapingian | Russian Federation (Vologda) | Isadyphasma bashkuevi, Isadyphasma suchonae, Isadyphasma deminutum (104754) | |
| Anisian | France (Moselle) | Palaeochresmoda grauvogeli (114783) | |
| Ladinian | Kyrgyzstan (Osh) | Paraplana affinis, Prochresmoda longipoda, Prochresmoda media, Triassophasma intermedium (110763) Xiphopterum curvatum, Paraplana affinis, Prochresmoda brevipoda, Prochresmoda minuta, Triassophasma intermedium, Triassophasma minutissimum (106088) Xiphopterum sharovi, Prochresmoda parva, Triassophasma intermedium, Triassophasma pusillum, Paraplana parallelica (105007) | |
| Norian | Australia (Queensland) | Aeroplana mirabilis (111558) | |
| Obtusum | United Kingdom (England) | Durnovaria parallela (114638) | |
| Early/Lower Toarcian | Germany (Mecklenburg-Vorpommern) | Durnovaria parallela (114993) | |
| Early/Lower Toarcian | Germany (Bavaria) | Schesslitziella haupti (129657) | |
| Early/Lower Toarcian | Germany (Niedersachsen) | Chresmodella culminecontracta (107321) Chresmodella fissa (107553) Chresmodella integra, Chresmodella lacerata, Chresmodella convoluta (105002) | |
| Callovian - Oxfordian | China (Nei Mongol) | Aclistophasma echinulatum (210302) Adjacivena grossa (113362) Adjacivena rasnitsyni (113365) Ambrotophasma vetulum (196979) | |
| Callovian - Oxfordian | Kazakhstan (Chimkent) | Aerophasma prynadai (115645) Aerophasmidae indet. (106102) Phasmomimoides lineatus, Jurophasma mistshenkoi (105970) | |
| Early/Lower Berriasian | United Kingdom (England) | Orthoptera indet. (105966) | |
| Berriasian | United Kingdom (England) | Raphidium brephos (127481) | |
| Early/Lower Barremian | United Kingdom (Surrey) | Cretophasmomima traceyae (189915) | |
| Late/Upper Barremian | China (Nei Mongol) | Cretophasmomima melanogramma (125656) Liutiaogoucuna arachnoidea (125655) | |
| Late/Upper Barremian | China (Liaoning) | Hagiphasmatidae indet., Hagiphasma paradoxa (138436) Renphasma sinica (110825) | |
| Late/Upper Barremian | China (Hebei) | Aethephasma megista, Orephasma eumorpha (118996) | |
| Early/Lower Aptian | Russian Federation | Prosusumania semenica (123220) | |
| Aptian | Russian Federation (Buryatia) | Archisusumania contacta (113350) Baissophasma pilosum, Baissophasma simile, Cretophasmomima burjatica (105969) Phasmomimella antiqua (119498 125505) Phasmomimoides baissiense (105536) Phasmomimoides latus, Phasmomimoides maculatus, Phasmomimoides reticulatus, Paraphasmomimella longa (122552) Phasmomimoides ornatus (125412) Phasmomimoides ornatus, Cretophasmomima vitimica (122549) | |
| Aptian | Mongolia | Cretophasmomimoides reductus (105796) | |
| Late/Upper Aptian | Brazil (Ceará) | Araripephasma reliquum (217013) Eoproscopia reliquum (203297) Phasmomimella araripensis, Cretophasma araripensis (149767) | |
| Cenomanian | Canada (Newfoundland and Labrador) | Palaeopteron complexus (119438) | |
| Early/Lower Cenomanian | Myanmar | Echinosomiscus primoticus (161726) Pseudoperla scapiforma, Elasmophasma stictum, Tumefactipes prolongates, Granosicorpes lirates, Leptophasma physematosa, Rhabdophasma arboreum, Tanaophasma applanatum, Elasmophasma longitubus, Breviala cretacea, Electroclavella genuina (165561) Pseudoperla scapiforma, Pseudoperla leptoclada, Tumefactipes prolongates, Pterophasma erromera, Meniscophasma erythrosticta (178121) | |
| Turonian | Kazakhstan | Cretophasma raggei (103274) | |
| Coniacian | Greenland | Coniphasma rosenkrantzi (70195) | |
| Late/Upper Coniacian | Russian Federation (Khabarovsk) | Eosusumania fusca, Paraphasmomimella chetanica (152090) | |
| Early/Lower Campanian | Russian Federation (Magadan) | Susumania flexuosa, Cretophasmomima arkagalica, Kolymoptera magadanica (119698) | |
| Early/Lower Campanian | Russian Federation (Tenkinskii) | Cretophasmomima clara (105375) | |
| Tiffanian | Canada (Alberta) | Phasmomimella paskapoensis, Promastacoides albertae (119828) Phasmomimula enigma (119832) | |
| Ypresian | USA (Washington) | Eoprephasma hichensi (103206 104761) | |
| Ypresian | Canada (British Columbia) | Susumanioidea indet. A, Susumanioidea indet. (103205) Susumanioidea indet. B (147813) | |
| MP 11 | Germany (Hessen) | Eophyllium messelensis (68475) Phasmatodea indet. (138656) | |
| Uintan | USA (Oregon) | Eophasma oregonense, Eophasma minor, Eophasmina manchesteri (31715) | |
| Priabonian | Poland | Pseudoperla sp., Pseudoperla lineata, Pseudoperla gracilipes, Archipseudophasmatidae subfamily 2, Archipseudophasma sp., Balticophasmatini indet., Balticophasma sp. (109625) | |
| Priabonian | Lithuania | Electrobaculum gracile (113470) Pseudoperla sp., Archipseudophasma sp., Balticophasmatini indet. (123767) | |
| Priabonian | Russian Federation | Pseudoperla sp., Archipseudophasma sp., Balticophasma sp. (123419) Sucinophasmatinae indet. (152643) | |
| Priabonian | Russian Federation (Kaliningrad) | Archipseudophasma sp. (123764) Archipseudophasma sp., Balticophasmatini indet. (123760) Archipseudophasmatidae subfamily 2 (123771) Archipseudophasmatidae subfamily 2, Archipseudophasma sp., Balticophasma sp., Balticophasma lineata (123770) Archipseudophasmatidae subfamily 2, Archipseudophasmatinae indet., Archipseudophasma sp., Archipseudophasma phoenix, Balticophasma sp. (123773) Archipseudophasmatinae indet., Balticophasma sp., Balticophasma lineata (124275) Balticophasma sp. (167952) Dvergrphasma fafnir, Pseudoperla sleipnir (147612) Pseudoperla sp. (154633) Pseudoperla sp., Archipseudophasma sp. (154619) Pseudoperla sp., Archipseudophasmatidae indet., Archipseudophasmatidae subfamily 2, Archipseudophasmatinae indet., Archipseudophasma sp., Balticophasmatini indet., Balticophasma sp., Anareolatae indet. (124318) Pseudoperla sp., Archipseudophasmatidae indet., Archipseudophasmatinae indet., Balticophasma sp. (123766) Pseudoperla sp., Archipseudophasmatidae subfamily 2, Archipseudophasmatinae indet., Archipseudophasma phoenix, Balticophasmatini indet., Balticophasma sp., Anareolatae indet., Electrotimema carstengroehni, Sucinophasma blattodeophila (110735) Pseudoperla sp., Archipseudophasmatidae subfamily 2, Archipseudophasmatinae indet., Balticophasma sp., Anareolatae indet. (123909) Sucinophasmatinae indet. 1 (155982) | |
| Priabonian | Germany (Halle) | Sucinophasmatinae indet. 2 (123910) | |
| Chadronian | USA (Colorado) | Agathemera reclusa (106384) | |
| Burdigalian - Langhian | Dominican Republic | Clonistria dominicana (134455) | |
| Pliocene | USA (Arizona) | Calcibacunculus tenuis (152091) |