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Parahippus pristinus

Osteichthyes - Perissodactyla - Equidae

Taxonomy
Parahippus pristinus was named by Osborn (1918). Its type specimen is AMNH 12918, a partial skull (Palate and symphysis mandibuli including all teeth except incisors of left side and the right canine), and it is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is AMNH Rosebud 7, which is in a Harrisonian terrestrial horizon in the Harrison Formation of South Dakota.

It was recombined as Archaeohippus pristinus by Matthew (1932).

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1918Parahippus pristinus Osborn p. 76 figs. Plate 6.5, 9.7, 25.1, 36.1. Text Fig. 52
1932Archaeohippus pristinus Matthew
1937Parahippus pristinus Schlaikjer
1940Parahippus pristinus Stirton p. 177
1963Parahippus pristinus Macdonald
1970Parahippus pristinus Macdonald
1998Parahippus pristinus MacFadden p. 546

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
classOsteichthyes
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
—Tetrapoda
—Reptiliomorpha
—Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
—Cotylosauria()
—Amniota
subclassSynapsida
—Therapsida()
infraorderCynodontia()
—Mammaliamorpha
RankNameAuthor
—Mammaliaformes
classMammalia
—Cladotheria
—Zatheria
subclassTribosphenida()
subclassTheria
—Eutheria()
—Placentalia
—Boreoeutheria
—Laurasiatheria
—Scrotifera
—Euungulata
—Panperissodactyla
superorderPerissodactylamorpha
orderPerissodactyla()
superfamilyEquoidea
familyEquidae
subfamilyAnchitheriinae()
genusParahippus()
speciespristinus

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

†Parahippus pristinus Osborn 1918
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Diagnosis
ReferenceDiagnosis
H. F. Osborn 1918 (Matthew, 1913) (1) Size not exceeding Miohippus- intermedius. (2) Grinding teeth somewhat more
hypsodont; (3) metalophs united with ectolophs on all grinding teeth; (4) rudimentary or small pli hypostyle except on p2; (5) premolars scarcely larger than molars, their transverse diameter not so great. (6) Preorbital (lachrymal) fossa moderately deep; (7) anterior border of orbit above anterior end of m2• (8) Metatarsals long and slender with lateral digits moderately reduced; (9) first phalanges rather short; (10) ungual phalanges narrow; (11) a small, deep fossette on Mts. III for cuboid.
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Environment: terrestrialsubc
Locomotion: actively mobilec
Life habit: ground dwellingf
Diet: browserf
Reproduction: viviparoussubc
Created: 2005-06-08 10:11:09
Modified: 2005-08-31 21:55:50
Source: f = family, subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum
References: Ji et al. 2002, Hendy et al. 2009, Lillegraven 1979, Nowak 1991, Carroll 1988

Age range: Harrisonian or 23.10000 to 18.50000 Ma

Collections (3 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Arikareean29.5 - 18.5USA (Wyoming) Parahippus pristinus (17667)
Arikareean29.5 - 18.5USA (South Dakota) Parahippus pristinus (17462)
Harrisonian23.1 - 18.5USA (South Dakota) Parahippus pristinus (type locality: 17451)