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Prosynthetoceras texanus

Mammalia - Protoceratidae

Taxonomy
Dromomeryx texanus was named by Hay (1924). It is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Garvin Gully, which is in a Hemingfordian terrestrial horizon in the Oakville Formation of Texas.

It was recombined as Cranioceras texanus by Frick (1937); it was recombined as Blastomeryx texanus by Wood and Wood (1937); it was recombined as Syndyoceras texanus by Hesse (1942); it was recombined as Prosynthetoceras texanus by Patton (1967), Patton (1969), Patton and Taylor (1971), Janis and Manning (1998), Prothero (1998), Albright (1999) and Webb et al. (2003).

Synonyms
Synonymy list
YearName and author
1924Dromomeryx texanus Hay p. 15
1924Dromomeryx angustidens Hay p. 16
1924Merycodus grandis Hay p. 17
1937Cranioceras texanus Frick
1937Synthetoceras rileyi Frick
1937Blastomeryx texanus Wood and Wood
1941Syndyoceras australis White p. 97 figs. pl. XV, figs. 2 and 2a
1942Syndyoceras texanus Hesse
1947Synthetoceras (Prosynthetoceras) douglasi White p. 504
1962Synthetoceras (Prosynthetoceras) australis Olsen p. 145
1967Prosynthetoceras texanus Patton pp. 37-39
1969Prosynthetoceras texanus Patton
1971Prosynthetoceras texanus Patton and Taylor
1998Prosynthetoceras texanus Janis and Manning
1998Prosynthetoceras texanus Prothero
1999Prosynthetoceras texanus Albright
2003Prosynthetoceras texanus Webb et al. p. 353

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
—Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
—Tetrapoda
—Reptiliomorpha
—Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
—Cotylosauria()
—Amniota
subclassSynapsida
—Therapsida()
infraorderCynodontia()
—Mammaliamorpha
RankNameAuthor
—Mammaliaformes
classMammalia
—Cladotheria
—Zatheria
subclassTribosphenida()
subclassTheria
—Eutheria()
—Placentalia
—Boreoeutheria
—Laurasiatheria
—Scrotifera
—Euungulata
—Artiodactylamorpha
—Artiodactyla()
—Ruminantiamorpha
familyProtoceratidae
subfamilySynthetoceratinaeFrick 1937
tribeSynthetoceratini
genusProsynthetoceras()
speciestexanus()

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

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Invalid names: Dromomeryx angustidens Hay 1924 [synonym], Merycodus grandis Hay 1924 [synonym], Syndyoceras australis White 1941 [synonym], Synthetoceras (Prosynthetoceras) douglasi White 1947 [synonym], Synthetoceras rileyi Frick 1937 [synonym]
Diagnosis
ReferenceDiagnosis
T. E. White 1941 (Syndyoceras australis)A slightly smaller species than the genotype with a relatively shorter diastema between p1 and p2, and shorter p4 and m1 .
T. E. White 1947 (Synthetoceras (Prosynthetoceras) douglasi)Smaller than S. francisi; anterior external style on third and fourth premolars less well developed; first and second molars as in francisi; external and internal mesostyles on the third molar as in Protoceras; anterior and posterior cinguli on the second molar and anterior cingulum on the third molar.
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Environment: terrestrialo
Locomotion: actively mobilec
Life habit: ground dwellingf
Diet: browserf
Reproduction: viviparoussubc
Created: 2005-08-31 14:39:46
Modified: 2009-01-07 18:24:42
Source: f = family, o = order, subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum
References: Prothero 1998, Nowak 1999, Lillegraven 1979, Carroll 1988, Hendy et al. 2009

Age range: base of the Aquitanian to the top of the Hemingfordian or 23.03000 to 15.97000 Ma

Collections (14 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Aquitanian23.03 - 20.44USA (Texas) Prosynthetoceras texanus (18663)
Miocene23.03 - 5.333USA (Florida) Protoceratidae indet. (18503)
Miocene23.03 - 5.333USA (Texas) Prosynthetoceras texanus (18615)
Early/Lower Hemingfordian20.43 - 15.97USA (Texas) Prosynthetoceras texanus (18642)
Hemingfordian20.43 - 15.97USA (Florida) Prosynthetoceras texanus (18561 18586) Synthetoceras douglasi, Syndyoceras australis (18597)
Hemingfordian20.43 - 15.97USA (Texas) Dromomeryx angustidens, Dromomeryx texanus, Merycodus grandis (type locality: 18626) Prosynthetoceras texanus (18635 18651 75945)
Hemingfordian - Barstovian20.43 - 12.5USA (Texas) Prosynthetoceras texanus (18636)
Barstovian16.3 - 12.5USA (Texas) Protoceratidae indet. (18627) Synthetoceras rileyi (18604)