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Filicales
Taxonomy
Filicales is an order.
It was synonymized subjectively with Polypodiales by Jud (2011).
It was assigned to Filices by Knowlton (1919); to Pteridophyta by Chandler (1961), Chandler (1962) and Chandler (1963); to Filicinae by MacGinitie (1941) and Hickey (1977); and to Filicopsida by Holmes (1982), Lapasha and Miller (1985) and McLoughlin et al. (1995).
It was synonymized subjectively with Polypodiales by Jud (2011).
It was assigned to Filices by Knowlton (1919); to Pteridophyta by Chandler (1961), Chandler (1962) and Chandler (1963); to Filicinae by MacGinitie (1941) and Hickey (1977); and to Filicopsida by Holmes (1982), Lapasha and Miller (1985) and McLoughlin et al. (1995).
Subtaxa
Aspidistes, Botrychiopsis, Cuticulatopteris, Damudopteris, Damudosorus, Dichopteris, Dichotomopteris, Dictyostelopteris, Dizeugotheca, Eleganopteris, Filicoamyelon, Gondwanidium, Hymenophyllites, Hyrcanopteris, Leleopteris, Lontzenia, Neomariopteris, Newberryana, Oleandridium, Palmatopteris, Pantea, Pantopteris, Parsorophyllum, Prakashites, Pterisorus, Raphaelia, Rhizomopteris, Saaria, Saarotheca, Santhalea, Sarcopteris, Scaphidopteris, Sermaya, Solenostelopteris, Stormbergia, Stramineopteris, Tigrisporites, Triphyllopteris, Trithecopteris, Weichseliaceae
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1919 | Filicales Knowlton |
| 1941 | Filicales MacGinitie |
| 1961 | Filicales Chandler p. 51 |
| 1962 | Filicales Chandler p. 19 |
| 1963 | Filicales Chandler p. 30 |
| 1977 | Filicales Hickey |
| 1982 | Filicales Holmes |
| 1985 | Filicales Lapasha and Miller |
| 1995 | Filicales McLoughlin et al. |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Or. †Filicales
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G. †Botrychiopsis Kurtz 1894
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†Botrychiopsis validum Feistmantel 1876
†Botrychiopsis weissiana Kurtz 1894
G. †Damudosorus Pant and Misra 1977
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†Damudosorus raniganjensis Pant and Misra 1977
†Damudosorus searsolensis Pant and Misra 1977
G. †Dichotomopteris Maithy 1974
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†Dichotomopteris asansolioides Pant and Misra 1983
†Dichotomopteris lindleyi Royle 1839
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Invalid names: Cladophlebis lindleyana Crookshank 1935 [synonym], Cladophlebis roylei Arber 1901 [synonym]
†Dichotomopteris major Feistmantel 1881
†Dichotomopteris ovata Maithy 1977
G. †Dictyostelopteris Vishnu-Mittre 1959
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†Dictyostelopteris fasciosteleoides Vishnu-Mittre 1959
†Dictyostelopteris jacobii Vishnu-Mittre 1959
†Dictyostelopteris rajmahalense Vishnu-Mittre 1959
G. †Dizeugotheca Archangelsky and de la Sota 1960
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†Dizeugotheca waltonii Archangelsky and de la Sota 1960
G. †Filicoamyelon Bohra and Sharma 1979
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†Filicoamyelon actinostachyoides Bohra and Sharma 1979
†Filicoamyelon cryptogrammoides Bohra and Sharma 1979
G. †Gondwanidium Gothan 1927
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†Gondwanidium indicum Maithy 1965
†Gondwanidium validum Feistmantel 1876
G. †Hymenophyllites Göppert 1836
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†Hymenophyllites alatus Geinitz 1855
†Hymenophyllites bunburyanus Oldham and Morris 1863
†Hymenophyllites quercifolius Goeppert 1836
G. †Hyrcanopteris Kryshtofovich and Prinada 1933
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†Hyrcanopteris sevanensis Kryshtofovich and Prinada 1933
G. †Leleopteris Srivastava and Chandra 1982
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†Leleopteris ovata Srivastava and Chandra 1982
†Leleopteris srivastavae Surange 1966
G. †Neomariopteris Maithy 1974
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†Neomariopteris barakarensis Srivastava 1978
†Neomariopteris hughesi Feistmantel 1881
†Neomariopteris khanii Maithy 1977
†Neomariopteris lobifolia Morris 1845
†Neomariopteris talchirensis Maithy 1974
G. †Pterisorus Rothwell and Stockey 2006
G. †Raphaelia Debey and Ettingshausen 1859
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†Raphaelia diamensis Seward 1911
†Raphaelia neuropteroides Debey and Ettingshausen 1859
G. †Rhizomopteris Schimper 1869
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†Rhizomopteris ballii Feistmantel 1877
†Rhizomopteris chakshu Ganju 1947
†Rhizomopteris lycopodioides Schimper 1869
†Rhizomopteris rajmahalense Gupta 1954
†Rhizomopteris sahnii Gupta 1954
G. †Santhalea Maithy 1977
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†Santhalea bansloiensis Maithy 1977
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Invalid names: Leleopteris raniganjensis Srivastava and Chandra 1982 [synonym]
G. †Solenostelopteris Kershaw 1910
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†Solenostelopteris japonica Kershaw 1910
†Solenostelopteris jurassica Bohra and Sharma 1979
†Solenostelopteris nipanica Vishnu-Mittre 1959
†Solenostelopteris sahnii Vishnu-Mittre 1959
G. †Stramineopteris Little et al. 2006
G. †Triphyllopteris Schimper 1869
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†Triphyllopteris collombiana Schimper 1869
†Triphyllopteris lescuriana Meek 1875
Invalid names: Weichseliaceae Zimmermann 1959 [empty]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
No ecological data are available
Age range: base of the Kinderhookian to the top of the Gelasian or 358.90000 to 1.80600 Ma
Collections (380 total)
Oldest occurrences | |||
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kinderhookian | USA (Virginia) | Triphyllopteris uberis (21003 21008) | |
| Tournaisian | USA (Virginia) | Triphyllopteris sp. (232405) | |
| Kinderhookian - Osagean | USA (Virginia) | Triphyllopteris sp. (14212) | |
| Mississippian | India (Jammu & Kashmir) | Triphyllopteris lescuriana (229235 229236) | |
| Mississippian | Canada (Nova Scotia) | Hymenophyllites furcatus (13094) Triphyllopteris minor (28858) Triphyllopteris virginiana (28764) | |
| Mississippian | USA (Pennsylvania) | Triphyllopteris latilobata (26018) Triphyllopteris sp. (28090) | |
| Mississippian | France | Hymenophyllites sp. (10659) | |
| Mississippian | India (Himachal Pradesh) | Sphenopteridium sp. (224624) | |
| Carboniferous | USA (Georgia) | Palmatopteris furcata (12697 12700) | |
| Carboniferous | USA (Alabama) | Palmatopteris furcata (28984 28985 28987 28988 28989 28990 28992 31028 31029 31030 31031 31032 31033 31034 31035) | |
Youngest occurrences |
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| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | PBDB collection number |
| Early/Lower Campanian | USA (Wyoming) | Filicales indet. (27358 27366) | |
| Late/Upper Campanian - Maastrichtian | Antarctica | F. sp. (150274) | |
| Lancian | USA (North Dakota) | F. FU083 (25465) F. FU100, F. FU102 (25414) F. FU102, F. FU103 (48268) F. FU46 (48211) F. HC115, F. HC248, F. HC275 (48191) F. HC190 (48205 48209 48278) F. HC215 (48243) F. HC248 (25909 48273) F. HC248, F. HC319 (48202) F. HC275 (25911 25912) F. HC78 (48236) F. HC8 (48199) | |
| Puercan | USA (North Dakota) | F. FU083, F. FU084 (25466) F. FU083, F. FU090 (25009) F. FU102, F. FU103 (48177) | |
| Paleogene | India (Madhya Pradesh) | Pantea mohgaonse, Prakashites mohgaoense (224606) | |
| Torrejonian | USA (North Dakota) | F. FU024, F. FU046 (24962) | |
| Ypresian | United Kingdom (England) | Filicales indet. (22806 22811) | |
| Eocene | Canada (British Columbia) | F. sp. (228445) | |
| Lostcabinian | USA (Wyoming) | F. tatman fern (11327 11329 11330 11344 11466 11467) | |
| Gelasian | United Kingdom | F. sp. (69541) | |