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Shunosaurus lii
Taxonomy
Shunosaurus lii was named by Dong et al. (1983). Its type specimen is IVPP V.9065, a skeleton, and it is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Dashanpu Dinosaur Quarry [lower], which is in a Bajocian/Oxfordian lacustrine sandstone/mudstone in the Shaximiao Formation of China. It is the type species of Shunosaurus.
It was considered a nomen nudum by Xing et al. (2009).
It was considered a nomen nudum by Xing et al. (2009).
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1983 | Shunosaurus lii Dong et al. pp. 19-26 figs. 7-12, Pl. 4-6 |
| 1984 | Shunosaurus lii He et al. p. 13 |
| 1984 | Shunosaurus lii Zhang et al. p. 1 |
| 1986 | Schunosaurus lii Taquet p. 42 |
| 1988 | Shunosaurus lii Zhang p. 1 |
| 1990 | Shunosaurus lii McIntosh p. 347 |
| 1991 | Shunosaurus lii Zheng p. 117 |
| 1992 | Shunosaurus lii Dong pp. 56-58 |
| 1993 | Shunosaurus lii Buffetaut et al. p. 56 |
| 1996 | Shunosaurus lii Loyal et al. p. 635 |
| 1996 | Shunosaurus lii Zhang and Chen |
| 1997 | Shunosaurus lii Dong p. 119 |
| 1997 | Shunosaurus lii Vickaryous and Ryan p. 489 |
| 1998 | Shunosaurus lii Wilson and Sereno p. 13 |
| 1999 | Shunosaurus lii Martin-Rolland p. 290 figs. 3-6 |
| 2002 | Shunosaurus lii Chatterjee and Zheng p. 151 |
| 2002 | Shunosaurus lii Wilson p. 271 |
| 2004 | Shunosaurus lii Upchurch et al. p. 262 |
| 2005 | Shunosaurus lii Apesteguía p. 249 |
| 2005 | Shunosaurus lii Peng et al. |
| 2007 | Shunosaurus lii Upchurch et al. p. 76 |
| 2007 | Shunosaurus lii Ye et al. p. 136 |
| 2008 | Shunosaurus lii Allain and Aquesbi p. 400 |
| 2010 | Shunosaurus lii Saegusa et al. p. 56 |
| 2010 | Shunosaurus lii Yates p. 744 |
| 2011 | Shunosaurus lii Jiang et al. p. 188 |
| 2011 | Shunosaurus lii Li et al. p. 23 |
| 2011 | Shunosaurus lii Saegusa and Tomida p. 253 |
| 2012 | Shunosaurus lii D'Emic |
| 2013 | Shunosaurus lii Páramo et al. p. 98 |
| 2013 | Shunosaurus lii Tschopp and Mateus p. 324 |
| 2014 | Shunosaurus lii Mocho et al. |
| 2015 | Shunosaurus lii García et al. p. 39 |
| 2021 | Shunosaurus lii Holwerda et al. p. 576 |
| 2021 | Shunosaurus lii Ren et al. p. 1875 |
| 2021 | Shunosaurus lii Rigby et al. p. 16–17 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
†Shunosaurus lii Dong et al. 1983
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Diagnosis
| Reference | Diagnosis | |
|---|---|---|
| Z. Dong et al. 1983 | A moderate-sized primitive sauropod, with a body length that may attain 11 m, and a skull that is moderately high with spoon-shaped teeth. Cervical and dorsal vertebra are solid and anterior sacral centra are also unhoneycombed. The neck is short with shallowly opisthocoelous vertebrae and weak anterior condyles. The cervical centra maintain a long pleurocoel which shallows anteroposteriorly. Neural arches are low and lack laminae, while neural spines are simple in morphology and gradually increase in height and length posteriorly. The apices of the last several neural spines are incised with a deep groove suggesting incipient bifurcation. Dorsal vertebrae are weakly amphicoelous although the last several centra are nearly opisthocoelous. Neural spines are high while neural arches lack any laminar support. Anteroposteriorly, the spines gradually become elongated but neural arch morphology remains simple. Anteriorly, the spines are rod-shaped while posteriorly they become plate-shaped. Robust diapophyses are positioned on the neural arch at the base of the spine, are triangular, and extend slightly dorsally. A hyposphene is present. The pelvic girdle is robust with a high and long ilium that has a well developed pubic peduncle. There are four fused sacral vertebrae with sacral ribs fused to the diapophyses to compose a yoke-shaped contact with the large ilium. The pubis has a large enclosed obturator foramen and, like the ischium, is straight and compressed. The anterior limbs are relatively long with a straight radius and ulna. The femur is straight with a shaft that is elliptical in cross-section and all of the trochanters are generally relatively well developed. The tibia is thick with a well developed calcaneal process. The fibula is straight with a round shaft. Digits are robust with five complete and well developed metatarsals. Cervical to dorsal centra proportions are 1 1/2 - 1 2/3. Tibia length is two-thirds that of the femur. Vertebral count is cervical 12-13, dorsal 13, and sacral 4. | |
| G. Peng et al. 2005 | Medium-sized primitive sauropod with largest body length of 12 m. It is recognized by relatively low and heavily built skull with height about 1/2 of its length; low and flattened braincase roof; broad and long facial region; anterior end of snout smoothly rounded; median ridge of nasal not arched upward; external naris and orbit large, while antorbital and supratemporal fenestra relatively small; infratemporal fenestra long but narrow; Quadrate inclined anteroventrally; external mandibular foramen present but small; slender and spoon-shaped teeth with few serrations along anterior and posterior margins; dental formula Pm4~5 + M17~19 / D18~21; 12 cervicals, 13 dorsals, 4 sacrals and about 45 caudals; massive presacrals lacking cavernous; short opisthocoelous cervical centra with obvious elongate pleurocoels; cervical neural spines not bifurcated with broad posterior spinal lamellae; anterior dorsal centra slightly opisthocoelous, middle and posterior dorsal centra generally platycoelous or faintly amphicoelous; dorsal neural spines generally not bifurcated; sacrals with developed yoke-like sacricostal processes; last 3~5 caudals fused as a bony tail club; scapula long but narrow; low ilium with massive pubic peduncle; humerus about 2/3 of femur length; radius about 3/5 of humerus length; tibia less than 3/5 length of femur; presence of 3~4 carpals; manual phalangeal formula 2-2-2-2-2?; first manual ungual well developed; and pedal phalangeal formula 2-3-3-3-2. |
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: g = genus, infrao = infraorder | |||||
| References: Peczkis 1995, Marsh 1875 | |||||
Collections (4 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Middle Jurassic | China (Chongqing) | Shunosaurus lii (231910) | |
| Bajocian - Oxfordian | China (Sichuan) | Shunosaurus lii (type locality: 24883) | |
| Bathonian - Callovian | China (Sichuan) | Shunosaurus lii (28234) | |
| Bathonian - Callovian | China (Chongqing) | Sauropoda indet. (205726) |