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Epitoniinae

Gastropoda - Epitoniidae

Taxonomy
Epitoniinae was named by Berry (1910) [m. kosnik taxon no: 6393].

It was assigned to Epitoniidae by Sohl (1964), Ponder and Warén (1988), Dockery (1993).

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1910Epitoniinae Berry
1964Epitoniinae Sohl p. 366
1988Epitoniinae Ponder and Warén p. 304
1993Epitoniinae Dockery p. 83

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Protostomia
—Spiralia
superphylumLophotrochozoa
phylumMollusca
RankNameAuthor
classGastropoda
subclassCaenogastropoda(Cox 1959)
superfamilyEpitonioidea(Berry 1910)
familyEpitoniidaeBerry 1910
subfamilyEpitoniinaeBerry 1910
subfamilyEpitoniinaeBerry 1910

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Subfm. †Epitoniinae Berry 1910
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G. †Circuloscala de Boury 1886
G. Crebriscala de Boury 1909
G. Cylindriscala de Boury 1912
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Invalid names: Torquatiscala de Boury 1912 [synonym]
G. Depressiscala de Boury 1909
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Depressiscala polita Sowerby 1844
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Invalid names: Epitonium (Nitidiscala) appressicostatum Dall 1917 [synonym], Epitonium (Nitidiscala) pedroanum Willett 1932 [synonym], Epitonium implicatum Dall and Oschner 1928 [synonym]
G. Punctiscala de Boury 1890
G. †Striaticostatum Sohl 1963
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†Striaticostatum bexarense Stephenson 1941
†Striaticostatum griffini Dockery 1993
†Striaticostatum pondi Stephenson 1941
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: aragonitef
Composition 2: low Mg calcitef
Locomotion: slow-movingf
Life habit: low-level epifaunalf
Diet: carnivoref
Vision: limitedc
Created: 2007-02-05 23:13:43
Modified: 2011-09-22 17:20:39
Source: f = family, c = class
References: Kiessling 2004, Beu et al. 1990

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Late/Upper Campanian to the top of the Middle Pleistocene or 83.60000 to 0.12900 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 72.2 Ma

Collections (89 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Early/Lower Campanian - Middle Campanian83.6 - 72.2USA (Mississippi) Punctiscala melaniea, Striaticostatum griffini, Striaticostatum micropunctatum (7456) Striaticostatum micropunctatum (32140 32141 32142)
Late/Upper Campanian83.6 - 72.2USA (Texas) Striaticostatum pondi (7472)
Late/Upper Campanian - Early/Lower Maastrichtian83.6 - 66.0USA (New Jersey) Striaticostatum sp. (57916)
Late/Upper Campanian - Early/Lower Maastrichtian83.6 - 66.0USA (Tennessee) Striaticostatum pondi (7515)
Early/Lower Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0USA (Mississippi) Striaticostatum bexarense (7586 7590 7591 7592) Striaticostatum harbisoni (4104 4109 4120) Striaticostatum sillimani (4105 4110)
Early/Lower Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0USA (Alabama) Striaticostatum sp. (4255 4275)
Early/Lower Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0Mexico (Guerrero) Striaticostatum bexarense (7461)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0USA (Texas) Striaticostatum bexarense (4511 4517 5554) Striaticostatum sillimani (4399) Striaticostatum sp. (4414 4441 4444 4453 4457 4497) Striaticostatum sparsum (4404 4410 4467)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0USA (North Carolina) Striaticostatum sp. (4363)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0USA (Maryland) Striaticostatum sp. (4364 4366 4372) Striaticostatum sparsum (4368 4369)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0USA (New Jersey) Striaticostatum sillimani (4377)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0USA (Alabama) Striaticostatum asperum (4203) Striaticostatum asperum, Striaticostatum sillimani (4180 4186) Striaticostatum sillimani (4178 4182 4194 4195 4197 4199 4202 4215 83225) Striaticostatum sillimani, Striaticostatum sparsum (4174) Striaticostatum sp. (4173 4175 4237) Striaticostatum sp., Striaticostatum sillimani (4229)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0USA (Mississippi) Striaticostatum asperum (4148 4155 4158 4161) Striaticostatum asperum, Striaticostatum congestum, Striaticostatum sparsum (4160) Striaticostatum asperum, Striaticostatum sillimani (4147) Striaticostatum congestum (4157) Striaticostatum sillimani (4142 4150 4163 4165 4168 7604) Striaticostatum sparsum (4135 4136 212621)
Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0USA (Tennessee) Striaticostatum pondi (205445)
Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0USA (Texas) Striaticostatum bexarense (205529) Striaticostatum sp. (4584 205408 205543) Striaticostatum sp., Striaticostatum sparsum (205541)
Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0USA (New Jersey) Striaticostatum sparsum (4380)
Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0USA (Arkansas) Striaticostatum sp. (4390)
Danian66.0 - 61.66USA (Illinois) Epitonium bexarense (70129)
Lutetian48.07 - 41.03France (Centre) Opalia excentrica (178085)
Late/Upper Miocene11.63 - 5.333Argentina (Chubut) Cylindriscala sp., Depressiscala nitidella (42147)
Messinian7.246 - 5.333Panama Epitonium eucteanum (60701)
Piacenzian3.6 - 2.58Italy (Emilia-Romagna) Punctiscala disjuncta (178117)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.58 - 0.774Indonesia Cylindriscala sp. (67971)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.58 - 0.774Ecuador (Manabi) Depressiscala polita (48664)
Pleistocene2.58 - 0.0117Japan Epitonium auritum (97029)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129USA (Florida) Depressiscala nautlae (67069)