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Scaphandridae

Gastropoda - Opisthobranchia - Scaphandridae

Taxonomy
Scaphandridae was named by Sars (1878) [m. kosnik taxon no: 5327]. It is extant.

It was synonymized subjectively with Cylichnidae by Beesley (1998).

It was assigned to Tetrabranchiata by Martin (1904); to Gastropoda by Turner (1938); to Prosobranchiata by Harris and Palmer (1947); to Philinacea by Sohl (1964); to Acteonacea by Sohl (1964); to Tectibranchia by Addicott (1970); to Pyramidellacea by Hickman (1980); and to Philinoidea by Bouchet et al. (2017).

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1878Scaphandridae Sars
1904Scaphandridae Martin p. 137
1938Scaphanderidae Turner p. 67
1947Scaphandridae Harris and Palmer p. 449
1964Scaphandridae Sohl p. 297
1970Scaphandridae Addicott p. 139
1980Scaphandridae Hickman p. 81
2017Scaphandridae Bouchet et al. p. 357

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Protostomia
—Spiralia
superphylumLophotrochozoa
phylumMollusca
RankNameAuthor
classGastropoda
orderOpisthobranchia(Milne-Edwards 1848)
orderCephalaspideaFischer 1883
superfamilyPhilinoideaGray 1850
familyScaphandridaeSars 1878
familyScaphandridaeSars 1878

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Fm. Scaphandridae Sars 1878
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G. †Ellipsoscapha Stephenson 1941
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†Ellipsoscapha cylindrica Gardner 1916
†Ellipsoscapha mortoni Forbes 1845
†Ellipsoscapha nortonensis Anderson 1958
†Ellipsoscapha skaios Dailey and Popenoe 1966
†Ellipsoscapha sohli Marincovich, Jr. 1993
†Ellipsoscapha striatella Shumard 1861
G. †Micromelo Pilsbry 1895
G. Mnestia Adams and A. 1854
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†Mnestia meyeri Cossmann 1893
†Mnestia turgidula Sandberger 1859
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: aragonitec
Locomotion: actively mobilesuperf
Life habit: epifaunalsuperf
Diet: carnivoresuperf
Vision: limitedc
Created: 2009-09-10 07:31:35
Modified: 2009-09-10 09:31:35
Source: superf = superfamily, c = class
References: Hendy et al. 2009, Kiessling 2004

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Late/Upper Turonian to the top of the Late/Upper Pleistocene or 93.50000 to 0.01170 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 89.3 Ma

Collections (151 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Late/Upper Turonian93.5 - 89.3USA (California) Ellipsoscapha sp. (220931)
Late/Upper Campanian83.5 - 70.6USA (Montana) Ellipsoscapha subcylindrica (212997)
Late/Upper Campanian83.5 - 70.6USA (California) Bullina nortonensis (86819) Ellipsoscapha skaios (1516 1545 1552)
Late/Upper Campanian83.5 - 70.6USA (Texas) Ellipsoscapha striatella (7481 7482 7500 7502 7503 7579)
Late/Upper Campanian83.5 - 70.6USA (Delaware) Ellipsoscapha sp. (6175)
Middle Campanian83.5 - 70.6USA (California) Ellipsoscapha nortonensis (144780)
Maastrichtian72.1 - 66.0USA (Mississippi) Ellipsoscapha sp. (7600)
Maastrichtian72.1 - 66.0USA (New Jersey) Ellipsoscapha mortoni (4380)
Maastrichtian72.1 - 66.0USA (Texas) Ellipsoscapha mortoni (4601) Ellipsoscapha sp. (205529 205541) Ellipsoscapha striatella (7493 7494)
Maastrichtian72.1 - 66.0USA (Montana) Ellipsoscapha subcylindrica (213081)
Maastrichtian72.1 - 66.0USA (Wyoming) Ellipsoscapha occidentalis (1583)
Early/Lower Maastrichtian70.6 - 66.0USA (Alabama) Ellipsoscapha mortoni (4247 4251 4254 4255 4285) Ellipsoscapha sp. (4238 4252)
Early/Lower Maastrichtian70.6 - 66.0USA (Maryland) Ellipsoscapha mortoni (125950)
Early/Lower Maastrichtian70.6 - 66.0USA (Wyoming) Ellipsoscapha occidentalis (1586)
Early/Lower Maastrichtian70.6 - 66.0USA (Georgia) Ellipsoscapha sp. (4313)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian70.6 - 66.0USA (Mississippi) Ellipsoscapha mortoni (4127 4151 4156) Ellipsoscapha sp. (4142 4161 4163 4164) Ellipsoscapha sp., Ellipsoscapha mortoni (4137 4143 4148 4160 4167)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian70.6 - 66.0USA (Tennessee) Ellipsoscapha cylindrica (4121)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian70.6 - 66.0USA (Texas) Ellipsoscapha mortoni (4413 4435 4441 4490) Ellipsoscapha sp. (4394 4431 4442 4456 4460 4496 4517)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian70.6 - 66.0USA (Alabama) Ellipsoscapha mortoni (4178 4186 4193 4197 4201 4203 4215 4216 4231 4236 4237 83225 83238) Ellipsoscapha sp. (4183 4200 4230 4233)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian70.6 - 66.0USA (Maryland) Ellipsoscapha cylindrica (4372) Ellipsoscapha mortoni (4368) Ellipsoscapha occidentalis, Ellipsoscapha mortoni (4369)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian70.6 - 66.0USA (South Dakota) Ellipsoscapha sp. (88511)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian70.6 - 66.0USA (South Carolina) Ellipsoscapha sp. (4352)
Danian66.0 - 61.6Greenland Ellipsoscapha sp. (22943)
Danian66.0 - 61.6USA (Alaska) Ellipsoscapha sohli (64414)
Selandian61.6 - 59.2Greenland Ellipsoscapha sp. (22944 22945)
Selandian61.6 - 59.2USA (Texas) Mnestia ovata (178129)
Thanetian59.2 - 56.0Svalbard and Jan Mayen Ellipsoscapha sp. (226627)
Thanetian59.2 - 56.0USA (Texas) Mnestia ovata (205455)
Ypresian56.0 - 47.8USA (Texas) Mnestia confusa (84325 178054) Mnestia confusa, Mnestia rotunda (7788 7789 84337) Mnestia confusa, Mnestia rotunda, Mnestia sp. (83950)
Ypresian56.0 - 47.8Belgium Mnestia semistriata, Mnestia flandrica (77608)
Lutetian47.8 - 41.3Belgium Mnestia semistriata (77611)
Lutetian47.8 - 41.3USA (Texas) Mnestia confusa (205521) Mnestia confusa, Mnestia rotunda, Mnestia sp. (205520) Mnestia dekayi (205421) Mnestia rotunda, Mnestia confusa (205533)
Lutetian - Bartonian47.8 - 38.0USA (Alabama) Mnestia dekayi (205490)
Lutetian - Priabonian47.8 - 33.9USA (Mississippi) Mnestia meyeri (1283 1285 1293 1433 1434)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0USA (Mississippi) Mnestia meyeri (90643 90704 164232 205526)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0USA (South Carolina) Mnestia dekayi (92308 92355)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0USA (Texas) Mnestia dekayi (90656 91119 205266 205422 205430 205433 205480 205483 205484 205485 205531) Mnestia dekayi, Mnestia sp. (205410) Mnestia sp. (205264 205267)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0USA (Louisiana) Mnestia dekayi (98787) Mnestia meyeri (1414)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0USA (Alabama) Mnestia dekayi (90600)
Priabonian38.0 - 33.9USA (Mississippi) Mnestia meyeri (6802)
Early/Lower Oligocene33.9 - 28.4France (Essonne) Atys turgidulus (9076 9077 9131 9134 9169 9171 9172 9173 9174 9175 9177 9179 9180 9181 9182 9183)
Early/Lower Oligocene33.9 - 28.4USA (Washington) Scaphandridae indet. (193971)
Rupelian33.9 - 28.1Belgium Mnestia turgidula (111368 111371)
Oligocene33.9 - 23.03USA (Washington) Scaphandridae indet. (198619)
Oligocene33.9 - 23.03France (Essonne) Atys turgidulus (9270)
Chattian28.1 - 23.03USA (Washington) Scaphandridae indet. (4869)
Middle Pleistocene - Late/Upper Pleistocene0.774 - 0.0117USA (Hawaii) Micromelo guamensis (89294)