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Hemiscylliidae
Taxonomy
Hemiscylliidae was named by Gill (1862). It is extant.
It was assigned to Galei by Jordan (1963); to Orectolobiiformes by Carnevale et al. (2014); to Hemiscyllioidea by Nelson et al. (2016); to Orectoloboidei by van der Laan (2019); and to Orectolobiformes by Case (1991), Peng et al. (2001), Delsate (2003), Kriwet (2003), Tabuce et al. (2005), Underwood (2006), Cahuzac et al. (2007), Kriwet et al. (2007), Landau et al. (2025).
It was assigned to Galei by Jordan (1963); to Orectolobiiformes by Carnevale et al. (2014); to Hemiscyllioidea by Nelson et al. (2016); to Orectoloboidei by van der Laan (2019); and to Orectolobiformes by Case (1991), Peng et al. (2001), Delsate (2003), Kriwet (2003), Tabuce et al. (2005), Underwood (2006), Cahuzac et al. (2007), Kriwet et al. (2007), Landau et al. (2025).
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1862 | Hemiscylliidae Gill |
| 1963 | Hemiscylliidae Jordan p. 597 |
| 1991 | Hemiscyllidae Case p. 2 |
| 2001 | Hemiscylliidae Peng et al. p. 7 |
| 2003 | Hemiscylliidae Delsate p. 8 |
| 2003 | Hemiscylliidae Kriwet p. 585 |
| 2005 | Hemiscylliidae Tabuce et al. p. 385 |
| 2006 | Hemiscylliidae Underwood p. 234 |
| 2007 | Hemiscylliidae Cahuzac et al. p. 15 |
| 2007 | Hemiscylliidae Kriwet et al. |
| 2014 | Hemiscylliidae Carnevale et al. p. 41 |
| 2016 | Hemiscylliidae Nelson et al. p. 61 |
| 2019 | Hemiscylliidae van der Laan p. 41 |
| 2025 | Hemiscylliidae Landau et al. p. 28 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Fm. Hemiscylliidae Gill 1862
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G. Chiloscyllium Müller and Henle 1837
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†Chiloscyllium broennimanni Casier 1958
†Chiloscyllium frequens Guinot et al. 2013
†Chiloscyllium greeni Cappetta 1973
†Chiloscyllium meraense Noubhani and Cappetta 1997
†Chiloscyllium mereretiae Werner 1989
†Chiloscyllium missouriense Case 1979
†Chiloscyllium missouriensis Case 1979
†Chiloscyllium salvani Noubhani and Cappetta 1997
†Chiloscyllium serralheiroi Landau et al. 2025
†Chiloscyllium vulloi Guinot et al. 2013
G. †Cirrhoscyllium Smith 1913
G. Hemiscyllium Smith 1837
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†Hemiscyllium bruxelliensis Herman 1977
†Hemiscyllium hermani Müller 1989
†Hemiscyllium ocellatus Bonaterre 1788
†Hemiscyllium tailledisensis Adnet 2006
G. †Palaeobrachaelurus Thies 1983
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†Palaeobrachaelurus alisonae Thies 1983
†Palaeobrachaelurus aperizostus Thies 1983
†Palaeobrachaelurus mitchelli Underwood 2004
†Palaeobrachaelurus mussetti Underwood and Ward 2004
G. †Pseudospinax Müller and Diedrich 1991
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†Pseudospinax heterodon Underwood and Mitchell 1999
†Pseudospinax muftius Thies 1983
†Pseudospinax pusillus Müller and Diedrich 1991
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: o = order, subp = subphylum | |||||
| References: Carroll 1988, Wagner 2023, Hendy et al. 2009 | |||||
Age range
Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Thouarsense to the top of the Tortonian or 180.40000 to 7.24600 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 174.7 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 174.7 Ma
Collections (163 total)
Oldest occurrences | |||
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Toarcian | Germany | Chiloscyllium sp., Palaeobrachaelurus sp. (148936) | |
| Bifrons | Luxembourg | Palaeobrachaelurus sp. (141382) | |
| Levesquei | Luxembourg | Chiloscyllium sp. (148935) | |
| Variabilis | Luxembourg | Palaeobrachaelurus sp. (141384) | |
| Thouarsense | Luxembourg | Palaeobrachaelurus sp. (141386 141389) | |
| Aalenian | Germany | Palaeobrachaelurus aperizostus (137168) | |
| Late/Upper Aalenian | Germany | Palaeobrachaelurus sp. 1, Palaeobrachaelurus sp. 2 (139231) | |
| Early/Lower Bajocian | France (Grand Est) | Palaeobrachaelurus sp., Palaeobrachaelurus mussetti (179498) | |
| Bathonian | United Kingdom (England) | Palaeobrachaelurus mussetti (91448 91450 91453) | |
| Middle Bathonian | Poland | Palaeobrachaelurus sp. (141269 141299) | |
| Callovian | United Kingdom | Protospinax muftius, Palaeobrachaelurus alisonae (137185) | |
| Late/Upper Callovian | Luxembourg | Palaeobrachaelurus sp., Pseudospinax sp. (91447) | |
| Late/Upper Callovian | Poland | Palaeobrachaelurus sp., Pseudospinax sp. (117993) | |
| Middle Callovian | Poland | Pseudospinax sp. (97035) | |
| Late/Upper Kimmeridgian - Early/Lower Tithonian | United Kingdom (England) | Hemiscylliidae indet., Pseudospinax sp. (140224) | |
| Late/Upper Barremian | United Kingdom (England) | Palaeobrachaelurus mitchelli (213572) | |
| Early/Lower Aptian | United Kingdom (England) | Hemiscylliidae indet. (213576 241434) | |
| Late/Upper Aptian | United Kingdom (England) | Chiloscyllium sp. (241437 241464) Hemiscyllium sp., Chiloscyllium greeni (241459) | |
| Late/Upper Aptian - Early/Lower Albian | United Kingdom (England) | Chiloscyllium sp. (241463) | |
| Middle Albian | United Kingdom (England) | Chiloscyllium greeni (213325) | |