PBDB Taxon

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Squalodon

Osteichthyes - Cetacea - Squalodontidae

Taxonomy

Squalodon was named by Grateloup (1840) [Sepkoski's age data: T Ol-u T Plio Sepkoski's reference number: 1066]. It is the type genus of Squalodontinae. It was considered monophyletic by Muizon (1987), Uhen et al. (2008), Geisler et al. (2011).

It was synonymized subjectively with Basilosaurus by Gibbes (1847).

It was assigned to Reptilia by Grateloup (1840); to Zeuglodontae by Bronn (1853); to Zeuglodontes by Pictet (1853); to Cynorcidae by Cope (1867), Gill (1871), Gill (1872); to Gymnorhinidae by Brandt (1874), Brandt (1874); to Zeuglodontidae by Scott (1873), McCoy (1875), Davis (1888); to Odontoceti by Depéret (1893); to Squalodontinae by Rothausen (1968); to Cetacea by Sepkoski (2002); and to Squalodontidae by Lydekker (1887), Cope (1890), Newton (1891), Zittel (1894), Paquier (1894), Flores (1895), Trouessart (1898), Hay (1902), Rhoads (1903), Trouessart (1904), Palmer (1904), Case (1904), Abel (1905), True (1907), Abel (1919), Winge (1921), Miller (1923), Zittel (1925), Dal Piaz (1929), Hay (1930), Kellogg (1931), Simpson (1945), Siryk and Dubrovo (1970), Ginsburg and Janvier (1971), Keyes (1973), Ginsburg and Janvier (1975), Whitmore and Sanders (1977), Fordyce (1982), Whitmore (1984), Pilleri (1987), Muizon (1987), Carroll (1988), Muizon (1990), Benton (1993), Muizon (1994), Gottfried et al. (1994), McKenna and Bell (1997), Fordyce and de Muizon (2001), Bianucci and Landini (2002), Geisler and Sanders (2003), Cahuzac et al. (2005), Uhen (2008), Uhen et al. (2008), Geisler et al. (2011), Fornasiero and Del Vavero (2014), Di Patti (2014), Carone and Marra (2014), Bianucci and Varola (2014), Tanaka and Fordyce (2014), Marx et al. (2016), Berta (2017), Collareta et al. (2020), Godfrey and Lambert (2023), Nelson et al. (2025), Nelson et al. (2025).

Species

Phoca pedronii, Priscodelphinus validus, Rhytisodon tuberculatus, S. antverpiensis, S. barbarus, S. bellunensis, S. calvertensis, S. grateloupii (syn. Delphinoides gratelupi, S. typicus, S. bariensis, S. grateloupii, S. kelloggi, S. zitteli, S. burgueti), S. murdochi, S. peregrinus, S. quaternarium, S. servatus, S. whitmorei, Trirhizodon gervaisii, Trirhizodon suessii

Species lacking formal opinion data

S. grateloupii

Synonyms

Phoca pedronii was named by Gervais (1849). It is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Leognan, which is in a Burdigalian marine sandstone in France.

It was considered an invalid subgroup of Ziphiidae by Van Beneden (1871); it was synonymized subjectively with Monachus (Pristiphoca) occitana by Trouessart (1898); it was considered an invalid subgroup of Squalodon by Kellogg (1922).
Kelloggia was named by Mchedlidze (1976) [Sepkoski's age data: T Ol-u Sepkoski's reference number: 1022]. It was considered monophyletic by Muizon (1987).

It was synonymized subjectively with Squalodon by Dooley (2005).

It was assigned to Cetacea by Sepkoski (2002); and to Squalodontidae by Mchedlidze (1976), Barnes (1985), Muizon (1987), Muizon (1990), Benton (1993), Muizon (1994), McKenna and Bell (1997), Fordyce and de Muizon (2001), Geisler and Sanders (2003).
Rhytisodon was named by Costa (1852) [Sepkoski's age data: T Mi-l]. It is not extant.

It was considered a nomen dubium by Fordyce and de Muizon (2001); it was considered a nomen dubium by Uhen and Pyenson (2007); it was synonymized subjectively with Squalodon by Rothausen (1968), McKenna and Bell (1997), Uhen et al. (2008).

It was assigned to Crocodilidae by Costa (1864); to Cetacea by Sepkoski (2002); and to Squalodontidae by Palmer (1904), Kellogg (1928), Simpson (1945), Delfino et al. (2003).
Trirhizodon was named by Cope (1890) [Sepkoski's age data: T Mi-l T Mi-m]. It is not extant. Its type is Trirhizodon catulli.

It was considered a nomen dubium by Fordyce and de Muizon (2001); it was synonymized subjectively with Squalodon by Zittel (1894), Trouessart (1898), Rothausen (1968), McKenna and Bell (1997), Uhen et al. (2008).

It was assigned to Squalodontidae by Cope (1890), Kellogg (1928), Simpson (1945); and to Cetacea by Sepkoski (2002).
Squalodon antverpiensis was named by Van Beneden (1861) [type is in the Musee Royal d'Histoire Naturelle de Belgique at Brussels, Belgium according to Kellogg, 1923 ]. It is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Vieux-Dieu, which is in a Langhian/Serravallian open shallow subtidal sandstone in the Berchem Formation of Belgium.

It was corrected as Squalodon antwerpiensis by Newton (1891), Abel (1905), Symeonidis et al. (2004); it was misspelled as Squalodon antwerpiense by Zittel (1894), Flores (1895), Trouessart (1898), Trouessart (1904), Dal Piaz (1916), Kellogg (1923), Rothausen (1968); it was considered a nomen dubium by Nelson et al. (2025).
Squalodon antverpiensis antverpiensis was named by Rothausen (1968) [Kellogg (1923) states that the specimen is in the Musee Royal d'Histoire Naturelle de Belgique, Brussels, Belgium. Van Beneden (1861) names the species Squalodon antverpiensis, and Rothausen (1968) makes the subspecies.]. Its type specimen is IRSNB CT. M. 517 2 T, a maxilla, and it is a 3D body fossil.

It was considered a nomen dubium by Nelson et al. (2025).
Rhizoprion was named by Jourdan (1861).

It was synonymized subjectively with Squalodon by Zittel (1877), Depéret (1887), Lydekker (1887), Zittel (1894), Trouessart (1898), Hay (1902), Dal Piaz (1916), Kellogg (1923), Zittel (1925).

It was assigned to Cetacea by Jourdan (1861).
Phocodon was named by Agassiz (1841).

It was synonymized subjectively with Squalodon by Gervais (1852), Bronn (1853), Pictet (1853), Cope (1867), McCoy (1875), Lydekker (1887), Zittel (1894), Trouessart (1898), Hay (1902), Kellogg (1923), Zittel (1925), McKenna and Bell (1997), Uhen et al. (2008).

It was assigned to Squalodontidae by Palmer (1904).
Arionius was named by Meyer (1841). It is not extant.

It was synonymized subjectively with Squalodon by Lydekker (1887), Zittel (1894), Trouessart (1898), Zittel (1925), McKenna and Bell (1997), Uhen et al. (2008).

It was assigned to Delphinidae by Bronn (1853), Pictet (1853); and to Champsodelphidae by Scott (1873).
Priscodelphinus validus was named by Du Bus (1872). Its type specimen is IRSNM 3451-M.300, a partial skull, and it is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Vieux-Dieu, which is in a Langhian/Serravallian open shallow subtidal sandstone in the Berchem Formation of Belgium.

It was synonymized subjectively with Eurhinodelphis cocheteuxi by Abel (1901), Trouessart (1904); it was considered a nomen nudum by Lambert (2005).
Rhytisodon tuberculatus was named by Costa (1852) [Museo geologico della R. Unviersita di Napoli, Italy.]. Its type specimen is 4527, a tooth, and it is not a trace fossil. It is the type species of Rhytisodon.

It was considered a nomen dubium by Fordyce and de Muizon (2001).
Squalodon quaternarium was named by Forsyth Major (1879). Its type specimen is missing, a tooth, and it is not a trace fossil.

It was considered a nomen dubium by Dal Piaz (1916); it was considered a nomen nudum by Kellogg (1923), Pilleri (1986), Pilleri (1987).
Macrophoca was named by Leidy (1856). Its type is Macrophoca atlantica.

It was synonymized subjectively with Squalodon by Cope (1867), Cope (1867), Lydekker (1887), Zittel (1894), Hay (1902), Palmer (1904).

It was assigned to Zeuglodontidae by Leidy (1856).
Smilocomptus was named by Gervais (1849).

It was corrected as Smilocamptus by Bronn (1853); it was misspelled as Smilocamptus by Palmer (1904); it was synonymized subjectively with Squalodon by Zittel (1894), Trouessart (1898), Kellogg (1923).

It was assigned to Cetacea by Bronn (1853); and to Squalodontidae by Palmer (1904).
Squalodon gervaisii was named by Van Beneden (1865) [Kellogg (1923) states that the type specimen is in the collection of the Faculte des sciences de Montpellier, France.]. It is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Saint-Jean-de-Védas, which is in a Miocene carbonate limestone in France.

It was corrected as Squalodon gervaisi by Van Beneden and Gervais (1880), Trouessart (1904), Joleaud (1906); it was recombined as Portheodon gervaisii by Cope (1887); it was recombined as Trirhizodon gervaisii by Kellogg (1923); it was synonymized subjectively with Squalodon grateloupi by Rothausen (1968); it was misspelled as Squalodon gervaisi by Paquier (1894), Trouessart (1898); it was considered a nomen dubium by Dal Piaz (1916), Fordyce and de Muizon (2001).
Delphinoides was named by Pedroni (1845).

It was considered a nomen nudum by Kellogg (1923); it was synonymized subjectively with Squalodon by Gervais (1852), Bronn (1853), Pictet (1853), Cope (1867), Depéret (1887), Lydekker (1887), Zittel (1894), Trouessart (1898), Dal Piaz (1916), Uhen et al. (2008).

It was assigned to Delphinidae by Pedroni (1845); and to Squalodontidae by Palmer (1904).
Squalodon suessii was named by Brandt (1873) [Kellogg (1923) states that the type specimen is in the K. K. Hofmineralienkabinet [=Naturhistorischen Staatsmuseum] at Vienna, Austria.]. It is not a trace fossil.

It was synonymized subjectively with Squalodon catulli by de Zigno (1876); it was corrected as Squalodon suessi by Trouessart (1904); it was recombined as Trirhizodon suessii by Kellogg (1923); it was considered a nomen dubium by Dal Piaz (1916), Fordyce and de Muizon (2001).
Crenidelphinus was named by Laurillard (1844).

It was synonymized subjectively with Squalodon by Gervais (1852), Bronn (1853), Pictet (1853), Cope (1867), Depéret (1887), Lydekker (1887), Zittel (1894), Trouessart (1898), Dal Piaz (1916).

It was assigned to Delphinidae by Laurillard (1844); and to Squalodontidae by Palmer (1904).
Squalodon antverpiensis papillatus was named by Rothausen (1968). Its type specimen is IRSNB Ct. M. 508 A, B, a maxilla, and it is a 3D body fossil.

It was considered a nomen dubium by Nelson et al. (2025).

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1840	Squalodon Grateloup p. 208
1841	Phocodon Agassiz p. 236
1841	Arionius Meyer pp. 315-331
1844	Crenidelphinus Laurillard p. 636
1845	Delphinoides Pedroni p. 1181
1849	Phoca pedronii Gervais
1852	Rhytisodon Costa
1852	Rhytisodon tuberculatus Costa
1853	Arionius Bronn p. 759
1853	Smilocamptus Bronn p. 763
1853	Squalodon Bronn p. 772
1853	Squalodon Pictet p. 379
1853	Arionius Pictet p. 383
1856	Macrophoca Leidy p. 220 figs. not figured
1861	Rhizoprion Jourdan
1861	Squalodon antverpiensis Van Beneden
1864	Rhytisodon Costa p. 12
1864	Rhytisodon tuberculatus Costa p. 13
1865	Squalodon gervaisii Van Beneden p. 71
1867	Squalodon Cope p. 144
1871	Squalodon Gill p. 125
1872	Priscodelphinus validus Du Bus p. 493
1872	Squalodon Gill p. 93
1873	Squalodon antverpiensis Brandt p. 321
1873	Squalodon gervaisii Brandt p. 329
1873	Squalodon suessii Brandt p. 330 figs. Pl. 32, figs 24a-c
1873	Squalodon Scott p. 59
1873	Arionius Scott p. 67
1874	Squalodon Brandt p. III
1874	Squalodon antverpiensis Brandt p. III
1874	Squalodon gervaisii Brandt p. III
1874	Squalodon Brandt p. 50
1874	Priscodelphinus validus Vanden Broeck p. 146
1874	Squalodon antwerpiensis Vanden Broeck p. 147
1875	Squalodon McCoy p. 7
1879	Squalodon quaternarium Forsyth Major p. 227
1880	Squalodon gervaisi Van Beneden and Gervais p. 434 figs. Plate XXVIII, Fig. 12-12a
1880	Priscodelphinus validus Van Beneden and Gervais p. 494
1887	Portheodon gervaisii Cope p. 242
1887	Squalodon Lydekker p. 75
1888	Squalodon Davis p. 45
1890	Squalodon Cope p. 603
1890	Squalodon antverpiensis Cope p. 603
1890	Trirhizodon Cope p. 603
1891	Squalodon Newton p. 75
1891	Squalodon antwerpiensis Newton p. 75
1893	Squalodon Depéret p. 204
1894	Squalodon Paquier p. 5
1894	Squalodon gervaisi Paquier p. 5
1894	Squalodon Zittel p. 170
1894	Squalodon antwerpiense Zittel p. 171
1895	Squalodon Flores p. 11
1895	Squalodon antverpiensis Flores p. 11
1898	Squalodon Trouessart p. 1011
1898	Squalodon antverpiensis Trouessart p. 1013
1898	Squalodon gervaisii Trouessart p. 1014
1898	Squalodon suessii Trouessart p. 1014
1898	Priscodelphinus validus Trouessart p. 1023
1902	Squalodon Hay p. 588
1903	Squalodon Rhoads p. 247
1904	Squalodon Case p. 6
1904	Crenidelphinus Palmer p. 202
1904	Delphinoides Palmer p. 220
1904	Phocodon Palmer p. 533
1904	Rhytisodon Palmer p. 610
1904	Smilocamptus Palmer p. 635
1904	Squalodon Palmer p. 642
1904	Squalodon Trouessart p. 755
1904	Squalodon antverpiensis Trouessart p. 755
1904	Squalodon gervaisi Trouessart p. 755
1904	Squalodon quaternarius Trouessart p. 755
1904	Squalodon suessi Trouessart p. 755
1905	Squalodon Abel p. 47
1905	Squalodon antwerpiensis Abel p. 47
1906	Squalodon gervaisi Joleaud p. 379
1907	Squalodon True p. 7
1916	Squalodon antverpiense Dal Piaz p. 8
1919	Squalodon Abel p. 763
1921	Squalodon Winge p. 7
1923	Squalodon antverpiensis Kellogg p. 6
1923	Trirhizodon gervaisii Kellogg p. 14
1923	Trirhizodon suessii Kellogg p. 33
1923	Rhytisodon tuberculatus Kellogg p. 34
1923	Squalodon Miller p. 40
1925	Squalodon Zittel p. 85
1928	Rhytisodon Kellogg p. 32 figs. Table 1
1928	Trirhizodon Kellogg p. 32 figs. Table 1
1929	Squalodon Dal Piaz p. 74
1930	Squalodon Hay p. 580
1931	Squalodon Kellogg p. 373
1945	Rhytisodon Simpson p. 100
1945	Squalodon Simpson p. 100
1945	Trirhizodon Simpson p. 100
1968	Squalodon Rothausen p. 88
1968	Squalodon antverpiensis Rothausen p. 91 figs. Table 1
1968	Squalodon antverpiensis antverpiensis Rothausen p. 93
1968	Squalodon antverpiensis papillatus Rothausen p. 94 figs. Plate 12, Fig. 6, 7
1970	Squalodon Siryk and Dubrovo p. 128
1971	Squalodon Ginsburg and Janvier p. 167
1973	Squalodon Keyes p. 389
1975	Squalodon Ginsburg and Janvier p. 80 figs. Fig. 2
1976	Kelloggia Mchedlidze p. 57
1977	Squalodon Whitmore and Sanders p. 305
1982	Squalodon Fordyce p. 423
1984	Squalodon Whitmore p. 230
1985	Kelloggia Barnes p. 90
1987	Kelloggia Muizon p. 13
1987	Squalodon Muizon p. 13
1987	Squalodon Pilleri p. 147
1988	Squalodon Carroll
1990	Kelloggia Muizon p. 315 figs. Fig. 15
1990	Squalodon Muizon p. 315 figs. Fig. 15
1993	Kelloggia Benton p. 761
1993	Squalodon Benton p. 761
1994	Squalodon Gottfried et al. p. 233
1994	Kelloggia Muizon p. 136
1994	Squalodon Muizon p. 136
1997	Squalodon McKenna and Bell p. 373
1997	Kelloggia McKenna and Bell p. 374
2001	Kelloggia Fordyce and de Muizon p. 178
2001	Squalodon Fordyce and de Muizon p. 178
2002	Squalodon Bianucci and Landini p. 21
2002	Kelloggia Sepkoski
2002	Rhytisodon Sepkoski
2002	Squalodon Sepkoski
2002	Trirhizodon Sepkoski
2003	Rhytisodon Delfino et al. p. 18
2003	Kelloggia Geisler and Sanders p. 28
2003	Squalodon Geisler and Sanders p. 28
2004	Squalodon antwerpiensis Symeonidis et al. p. 319 figs. Table 2
2005	Squalodon Cahuzac et al. p. 420
2008	Squalodon Uhen p. 445 figs. Table 1
2008	Squalodon Uhen et al. p. 583
2011	Squalodon Geisler et al. p. 5 figs. Table 1
2014	Squalodon Bianucci and Varola p. 117
2014	Squalodon Carone and Marra p. 122
2014	Squalodon Di Patti p. 129
2014	Squalodon Fornasiero and Del Vavero p. 65
2014	Squalodon Tanaka and Fordyce p. 27
2016	Squalodon Marx et al. p. 120
2017	Squalodon Berta p. 160
2020	Squalodon Collareta et al. p. 21
2023	Squalodon Godfrey and Lambert p. 53
2025	Squalodon Nelson et al. p. 5

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Deuterostomia
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1874
subphylum	Vertebrata
superclass	Gnathostomata
class	Osteichthyes
subclass	Sarcopterygii	()
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha	(Nelson 2006)
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha	()
—	Tetrapoda
—	Reptiliomorpha
—	Anthracosauria
subclass	Amphibiosauria	Kuhn 1967
—	Cotylosauria	()
—	Amniota
subclass	Synapsida
—	Therapsida	()
infraorder	Cynodontia	()
—	Mammaliamorpha

Rank	Name	Author
—	Mammaliaformes
class	Mammalia
—	Cladotheria
—	Zatheria
subclass	Tribosphenida	()
subclass	Theria
—	Eutheria	()
—	Placentalia
—	Boreoeutheria
—	Laurasiatheria
—	Scrotifera
—	Euungulata
—	Artiodactylamorpha
—	Artiodactyla	()
—	Whippomorpha
order	Cetacea
—	Pelagiceti
—	Neoceti
suborder	Odontoceti
family	Squalodontidae
genus	Squalodon

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. †Squalodon Grateloup 1840

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†Squalodon barbarus Mchedlidze and Aslanova 1968

†Squalodon bellunensis Dal Piaz 1901

†Squalodon calvertensis Kellogg 1923

†Squalodon grateloupii von Meyer 1843

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Invalid names: Delphinoides gratelupi Pedroni 1845 [objective synonym], Squalodon bariensis Jourdan 1861 [synonym], Squalodon burgueti Gervais 1849 [synonym], Squalodon grateloupii Gervais 1846 [objective synonym], Squalodon kelloggi Rothausen 1968 [synonym], Squalodon zitteli Paquier 1894 [synonym]

†Squalodon murdochi Godfrey and Lambert 2023

†Squalodon peregrinus Dal Piaz 1971

†Squalodon servatus Meyer 1841

†Squalodon whitmorei Dooley 2005

Invalid names: Arionius Meyer 1841 [synonym], Crenidelphinus Laurillard 1844 [synonym], Delphinoides Pedroni 1845 [synonym], Kelloggia Mchedlidze 1976 [synonym], Macrophoca Leidy 1856 [synonym], Phoca pedronii Gervais 1849 [invalid subgroup], Phocodon Agassiz 1841 [synonym], Priscodelphinus validus Du Bus 1872 [nomen nudum], Rhizoprion Jourdan 1861 [synonym], Rhytisodon Costa 1852 [synonym], Smilocomptus Gervais 1849 [synonym], Squalodon antverpiensis Van Beneden 1861 [nomen dubium], Squalodon antverpiensis antverpiensis Rothausen 1968 [nomen dubium], Squalodon quaternarium Forsyth Major 1879 [nomen nudum], Trirhizodon Cope 1890 [synonym]

Diagnosis

Reference	Diagnosis
M. D. Uhen et al. 2008	Rostrum elongated, equaling nearly twice the length of that portion of the skull posterior to maxillary notches; external nasal openings situated far posteriorly; brain case telescoped; no intertemporal construction; supraorbital process of frontal expanded laterally, constricted proximally; frontals in contact posteriorly with supraoccipital, and receive the ascending processes of the premaxillae in paired grooves along the internal margins of the maxillae; nasals abbreviated, apparently synostosing with the frontals in old adults; mesorostral channel open; mesethmoid fills large frontal fontanelle; forms the thick partition separating the nasal passages externally; provides support for the abbreviated nasals; and is pierced by a second pair of passages, the foramina for the nasal or ophthalmic branches of the trigeminal nerve; cheek teeth increased above the typical number 44; variable 58 to 60; molars not exceeding seven and premolars five in either jaw (Kellogg, 1923b).

Measurements

No measurements are available

Composition:

hydroxyapatitesubo

Form:

roller-shapedo

Ontogeny:

modification of partso

Environment:

marine, freshwatersubo

Locomotion:

actively mobileo

Life habit:

aquatico

Depth habitat:

surfaceo

Diet:

carnivoresubo

Reproduction:

viviparoussubo

Created:

2005-03-06 14:21:39

Modified:

2005-09-22 15:42:08

Source: subo = suborder, o = order

Reference: Uhen 2004

Age range: base of the Chattian to the top of the Tortonian or 27.30000 to 7.24600 Ma

Collections (65 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Chattian	27.3 - 23.04	Germany	S. sp. (57119)
Chattian	27.3 - 23.04	Japan	S. sp. (51103 51105)
Chattian	27.3 - 23.04	Azerbaijan	S. barbarus (45737)
Chattian	27.3 - 23.04	USA (South Carolina)	S. sp. (97550 112635 206943)
Aquitanian	23.04 - 20.45	Italy	S. bariensis, S. bellunensis, S. peregrinus (47623) S. bellunensis (59850)
Aquitanian	23.04 - 20.45	Austria	S. bellunensis (76129)
Aquitanian	23.04 - 20.45	France	S. sp. (70242)
Aquitanian	23.04 - 20.45	USA (Virginia)	S. calvertensis (70517)
Aquitanian - Burdigalian	23.04 - 15.98	USA (New Jersey)	S. sp. (50944)
Early/Lower Miocene	23.04 - 15.98	Slovakia	S. sp. (47461)
Early/Lower Miocene	23.04 - 15.98	Greece (Macedonia)	S. bellunensis (47083)
Aquitanian - Langhian	23.04 - 13.82	USA (North Carolina)	S. sp., S. calvertensis (48887)
Aquitanian - Serravallian	23.04 - 11.63	USA (Maryland)	S. calvertensis (231816)
Miocene	23.04 - 5.333	France (Côtes-d'Armor)	S. sp. (148402)
Miocene	23.04 - 5.333	Netherlands	Phoca ambigua (37599)
Miocene	23.04 - 5.333	United Kingdom (England)	S. antverpiensis (153047)
Miocene	23.04 - 5.333	France	S. gervaisii, S. grateloupii (93327)
Burdigalian	20.45 - 15.98	USA (Virginia)	S. whitmorei (57951 57953 57959)
Burdigalian	20.45 - 15.98	Switzerland (Aargau)	S. sp. (46524)
Burdigalian	20.45 - 15.98	Italy	S. bariensis, S. bellunense (47187) S. sp. (70814 207869)
Burdigalian	20.45 - 15.98	France	S. grateloupi (57732) S. sp. (52061)
Burdigalian	20.45 - 15.98	USA (Delaware)	S. calvertensis (18579)
Burdigalian	20.45 - 15.98	USA (Maryland)	S. calvertensis (45493) S. calvertensis, S. whitmorei (71810) S. whitmorei (57960)
Burdigalian	20.45 - 15.98	France (Drôme)	Rhizoprion bariensis (48662)
Burdigalian	20.45 - 15.98	France (Bordeaux)	S. grateloupii, Delphinoides gratelupi, Phoca pedronii (48660)
Burdigalian	20.45 - 15.98	Germany	Arionius servatus (47425) S. zitteli (48663)
Burdigalian	20.45 - 15.98	Slovakia	S. ehrlichii (48642)
Burdigalian	20.45 - 15.98	Italy (Sicily)	S. bariensis (49396)
Burdigalian	20.45 - 15.98	Switzerland (Zurich)	S. sp. (46523)
Burdigalian - Langhian	20.45 - 13.82	Belgium	S. sp. (114830)
Burdigalian - Messinian	20.45 - 5.333	Italy (Apulia)	S. sp. (48657) S. sp., S. antverpiensis (47125)
Early/Lower Barstovian	16.3 - 12.5	USA (Florida)	S. sp. (18549)
Langhian	15.98 - 13.82	Italy (Sicillia)	S. bariensis (28617)
Langhian	15.98 - 13.82	Malta	S. sp. (81668)
Langhian	15.98 - 13.82	USA (Maryland)	S. murdochi (45506 60379) S. sp. (55517 70819)
Langhian	15.98 - 13.82	USA (Virginia)	S. calvertensis (79793)
Langhian - Serravallian	15.98 - 11.63	Belgium (Antwerpen)	S. antverpiensis, Priscodelphinus validus (51680)
Langhian - Serravallian	15.98 - 11.63	Belgium	S. sp. A (59123)
Middle Miocene	15.98 - 11.63	Costa Rica (Limon)	S. sp. (124711)
Badenian	13.82 - 12.8	Belgium	S. sp. (95167)
Serravallian	13.82 - 11.63	Japan (Ishikawi)	S. sp. (76038)
Serravallian	13.82 - 11.63	Italy	S. bellunensis (48656)
Serravallian	13.82 - 11.63	France	S. sp. (85338)
Serravallian	13.82 - 11.63	USA (Virginia)	S. calvertensis (71801) S. sp. (57113 187324)
Serravallian	13.82 - 11.63	France (Gironde)	Smilocomptus burgueti (85340)
Tortonian	11.63 - 7.246	Italy	S. sp. (80394)
Late/Upper Miocene - Early/Lower Pliocene	11.63 - 3.6	Chile	Delphinus sp. (73840)