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Idiorophus patagonicus
Taxonomy
Physodon patagonicus was named by Lydekker (1894) [no type specimen listed by Lydekker 1894]. It is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Bryn Gwyn, which is in a Burdigalian marine siltstone/sandstone in the Gaiman Formation of Argentina.
It was recombined as Apenophyseter patagonicus by Cabrera (1926); it was recombined as Idiorophus patagonicus by Kellogg (1925), Kellogg (1942), Cozzuol (1996), Kazár (2002), Hampe (2006), Perez et al. (2011), Paolucci et al. (2025).
It was recombined as Apenophyseter patagonicus by Cabrera (1926); it was recombined as Idiorophus patagonicus by Kellogg (1925), Kellogg (1942), Cozzuol (1996), Kazár (2002), Hampe (2006), Perez et al. (2011), Paolucci et al. (2025).
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1894 | Physodon patagonicus Lydekker p. 4 figs. Fig. 2 |
| 1898 | Physodon patagonicus Trouessart p. 1054 |
| 1901 | Physodon patagonicus Ameghino p. 80 |
| 1904 | Physodon patagonicus Trouessart p. 773 |
| 1925 | Idiorophus patagonicus Kellogg p. 6 |
| 1926 | Apenophyseter patagonicus Cabrera p. 406 |
| 1942 | Idiorophus patagonicus Kellogg p. 448 |
| 1996 | Idiorophus patagonicus Cozzuol p. 324 |
| 2002 | Idiorophus patagonicus Kazár p. 163 |
| 2006 | Idiorophus patagonicus Hampe p. 76 |
| 2011 | Idiorophus patagonicus Perez et al. p. 648 |
| 2025 | Idiorophus patagonicus Paolucci et al. p. 5 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
†Idiorophus patagonicus Lydekker 1894
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Diagnosis
| Reference | Diagnosis | |
|---|---|---|
| F. Paolucci et al. 2025 | Large-sized physeteroid (5–6 m body length) differing from all other physeteroids (except Rhaphicetus) by the following unique combination of characters: elongated rostrum (estimated rostral index, RL/CBL= 0.75), rostrum shape like the neck of a bottle, overlapped premaxillae all along the rostrum resulting in a close mesorostral canal, two large right dorsal infraorbital foramina, supracranial basin not dorsally extended into the rostrum, tapered upper and lower teeth, deep alveoli with well
developed interalveolar septa. Idiorophus differs from Rhaphicetus in having a postorbital process of the frontal quadrangular in shape and posteroventrally oriented, lateral margin of the maxilla dorsoventrally thick and posterodorsally elevated, delimiting the lateral edge of the supracranial basin, shorter rostrum (ratio of rostrum length to skull width between 1.2 and 0.95), and the absence of dental enamel in the teeth crowns (see comments below). Moreover, Idiorophus differs from Diaphorocetus spp., Placoziphus, Eudelphis, Orycterocetus and Kogiidae in having a larger skull (CBL values for the comparative taxa are only c. 50% of that of Idiorophus), from Angelocetus by the presence of right premaxillary foramen and from Zygophyseter, Acrophyseter spp., Brygmophyseter, Albicetus and Livyatan in having smaller teeth (greatest transverse diameter of root as percentage of maximum width of skull <5%). Idiorophus differs from all Kogiidae in having a longer rostrum (ratio of rostrum length to skull width >1.2), a larger skull and in the lack of a sagittal crest. |
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: f = family, subo = suborder, o = order | |||||
| References: Uhen 2004, Nowak 1991 | |||||
Age range: Burdigalian or 20.45000 to 15.98000 Ma
Collections: one only
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Burdigalian | Argentina (Chubut) | Physodon patagonicus (type locality: 45886) |