PBDB Taxon

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Metaxytherium krahuletzi

Osteichthyes - Sirenia - Dugongidae

Taxonomy

Metaxytherium krahuletzi was named by Depéret (1895) [Krahuletzmus. Eggenburg]. Its type specimen is G II 21, 22, 25, 26, 29, 34, a set of teeth, and it is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Eggenburg, which is in a Burdigalian marine horizon in the Burgeschleinitz Formation of Austria.

Subspecies

M. excelsum

Sister species lacking formal opinion data

M. alibfontatum, M. cratagense, M. subappeninum

Synonyms

Metaxytherium krahuletzi excelsum was named by Pilleri (1987). Its type specimen is J. Jost Collection Zofingen 640175/240375, a partial skull (supraoccipital and parietalia), and it is a 3D body fossil.

It was considered an invalid subgroup of Metaxytherium krahuletzi by Domning (1996).
Metaxytherium christoli was named by Fitzinger (1899).

It was synonymized subjectively with Metaxytherium krahuletzi by Domning (1996).
Manatus studeri was named by Meyer (1837). Its type specimen is Mus. Naturgesch. Bern, unnumbered, a maxilla, and it is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Magenwil, which is in a Burdigalian marine sandstone in Switzerland.

It was recombined as Halianassa studeri by von Meyer (1838), Studer (1898), Abel (1904); it was synonymized subjectively with Halitherium schinzi by Bronn (1853); it was recombined as Halitherium studeri by Kaup (1855), Scott (1873); it was recombined as Metaxytherium studeri by Trouessart (1898); it was recombined as Metaxitherium studeri by Trouessart (1904); it was recombined as Thalattosiren studeri by Thenius (1952); it was synonymized subjectively with Pugmeodon schinzii by Domning (1987); it was synonymized objectively with Halitherium schinzii by International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature (1989); it was synonymized subjectively with Metaxytherium krahuletzi by Domning (1996).
Metaxytherium argoviense was named by Pilleri (1987) [NHMBe= Natural History Museum, Bern]. Its type specimen is NHMBe unnumbered, a partial skull (skull cap), and it is a 3D body fossil.

It was synonymized subjectively with Metaxytherium krahuletzi by Domning (1996).

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1837	Manatus studeri Meyer p. 677
1837	Manatus studeri von Meyer p. 677
1838	Halianassa studeri von Meyer
1855	Halitherium studeri Kaup p. 12
1873	Halitherium studeri Scott p. 55
1895	Metaxytherium krahuletzi Depéret p. 408 figs. Plate II, Fig. 2-7
1898	Halianassa studeri Studer p. 131
1898	Metaxytherium krahuletzi Trouessart p. 1005
1898	Metaxytherium studeri Trouessart p. 1005
1899	Metaxytherium christoli Fitzinger
1902	Metaxytherium christoli Schlosser p. 137
1904	Metaxytherium krahuletzi Abel p. 37
1904	Halianassa studeri Abel p. 215
1904	Metaxitherium krahuletzi Trouessart p. 750
1904	Metaxitherium studeri Trouessart p. 750
1925	Metaxytherium krahuletzi Zittel p. 265
1952	Thalattosiren studeri Thenius p. 113
1971	Metaxytherium krahuletzi Daxner-Hoeck p. 764
1974	Metaxytherium krahuletzi Fondi and Pacini p. 45
1987	Metaxytherium argoviense Pilleri p. 14
1987	Metaxytherium krahuletzi excelsum Pilleri p. 16 figs. Plates IV, V, Text Plate A
1994	Metaxytherium krahuletzi Domning p. 189
1996	Metaxytherium krahuletzi Domning p. 386`
2014	Metaxytherium krahuletzi Voss p. 91 figs. Figure 3
2019	Metaxytherium krahuletzi Samonds et al. p. 8
2020	Metaxytherium krahuletzi Carone and Rizzo

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Deuterostomia
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1874
subphylum	Vertebrata
superclass	Gnathostomata
class	Osteichthyes
subclass	Sarcopterygii	()
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha	(Nelson 2006)
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha	()
—	Tetrapoda
—	Reptiliomorpha
—	Anthracosauria
subclass	Amphibiosauria	Kuhn 1967
—	Cotylosauria	()
—	Amniota
subclass	Synapsida
—	Therapsida	()

Rank	Name	Author
infraorder	Cynodontia	()
—	Mammaliamorpha
—	Mammaliaformes
class	Mammalia
—	Cladotheria
—	Zatheria
subclass	Tribosphenida	()
subclass	Theria
—	Eutheria	()
—	Placentalia
superorder	Afrotheria
—	Paenungulatomorpha
superorder	Paenungulata
—	Tethytheria
order	Sirenia	()
family	Dugongidae
subfamily	Halitheriinae	()
genus	Metaxytherium
species	krahuletzi

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

†Metaxytherium krahuletzi Depéret 1895

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Invalid names: Halianassa studeri Meyer 1837 [synonym], Metaxytherium argoviense Pilleri 1987 [synonym], Metaxytherium christoli Fitzinger 1899 [synonym], Metaxytherium krahuletzi excelsum Pilleri 1987 [invalid subgroup]

Diagnosis

No diagnoses are available

Measurements

No measurements are available

Composition:

phosphaticsubp

Environment:

marinef

Locomotion:

actively mobilec

Life habit:

aquaticf

Diet:

herbivoref

Reproduction:

viviparousf

Created:

2005-06-08 10:11:09

Modified:

2005-06-08 12:11:09

Source: f = family, c = class, subp = subphylum

References: Hendy et al. 2009, Domning 1979, Carroll 1988, Nowak 1991

Age range: base of the Burdigalian to the top of the Tortonian or 20.45000 to 7.24600 Ma

Collections (26 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Early/Lower Miocene	23.04 - 15.98	Madagascar	Metaxytherium krahuletzi (200774)
Burdigalian	20.45 - 15.98	Switzerland	Metaxytherium krahuletzi (65057)
Burdigalian	20.45 - 15.98	France (Provence)	Metaxytherium krahuletzi (84262)
Burdigalian	20.45 - 15.98	Switzerland (Aargau)	Manatus studeri (46525)
Burdigalian	20.45 - 15.98	Austria (Meiseldorf)	Metaxytherium krahuletzi (65418)
Burdigalian	20.45 - 15.98	Austria	Metaxytherium krahuletzi (65037 65087 65161 type locality: 65181 65406 65407 65408 65409 65410 65411 65412 65413 65414 65415 65416 65417 65419)
Burdigalian - Langhian	20.45 - 13.82	Italy (Oristano)	Metaxytherium krahuletzi (212252)
Burdigalian - Langhian	20.45 - 13.82	Italy (Sardinia)	Metaxytherium cuvieri (212254)
Tortonian	11.63 - 7.246	Italy (Sardinia)	Metaxytherium krahuletzi (54156) Metaxytherium sp. (212255)