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Amphipyndacidae

Polycystinea - Nassellaria - Amphipyndacidae

Taxonomy
Amphipyndacidae was named by Riedel (1967).

It was assigned to Nassellaria by Zügel (1997); and to Amphipyndacea by De Wever et al. (2001).

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1967Amphipyndacidae Riedel
1997Amphipyndacidae Zügel
2001Amphipyndacidae De Wever et al. p. 266

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomChromistaCavalier-Smith 1981
subkingdomRhizaria()
superphylumRetariaCavalier-Smith 1999
phylumRadiozoa
superclassPolycystinia
RankNameAuthor
classPolycystinea
orderNassellariaEhrenberg 1875
superfamilyAmphipyndaceaRiedel 1967
familyAmphipyndacidaeRiedel 1967
familyAmphipyndacidaeRiedel 1967

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Fm. †Amphipyndacidae Riedel 1967
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G. †Amphipternis Foreman 1973
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Amphipternis clava Ehrenberg 1874
G. †Amphipyndax Foreman 1966
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†Amphipyndax obesa Squinabol 1903
†Amphipyndax stocki Campbell and Clark 1944
Invalid names: Protostichocapsa Empson-Morin 1982 [synonym]
G. Cyrtolagena Haeckel 1887
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Invalid names: Sticholagena Haeckel 1887 [synonym], Stichophaetna Haeckel 1881 [synonym], Stichophormiscus Haeckel 1887 [synonym], Stichophormium Haeckel 1887 [synonym]
G. †Palinandromeda Pessagno et al. 1993
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†Palinandromeda depressa De Wever and Miconnet 1985
†Palinandromeda podbielensis Ozvoldova 1979
Invalid names: Andromeda [replaced]
G. †Parvifasus Takemura 1986
G. †Parvifavus Takemura 1986
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†Parvifavus irregularis Takemura 1986
†Parvifavus minoensis Takemura 1986
G. †Triversus Takemura 1986
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†Triversus fastigatus Hull 1997
†Triversus schardti O'Dogherty et al. 2006
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
No ecological data are available

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Early/Lower Pliensbachian to the top of the Selandian or 192.90000 to 59.24000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 184.2 Ma

Collections (218 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Early/Lower Pliensbachian192.9 - 184.2Japan Parvifasus sp. (52057)
Early/Lower Toarcian184.2 - 182.9Japan Palinandromeda sp., Triversus sp., Triversus japonicus (124830) Triversus sp. A (51710)
Middle Toarcian - Late/Upper Toarcian182.9 - 174.7Greece Triversus japonicus (142135)
Aalenian174.7 - 170.9Russian Federation Palinandromeda sognoensis (51601)
Aalenian174.7 - 170.9China (Tibet) Palinandromeda sp. (51617)
Aalenian174.7 - 170.9Japan Andromeda sp. D (120016 120018)
Early/Lower Aalenian174.7 - 170.9Germany Palinandromeda sp. (59495 59497)
Early/Lower Aalenian - Middle Aalenian174.7 - 170.9Japan Palinandromeda sp. Z, Triversus sp. A, Triversus japonicus, Parvifavus sp. A (51711)
Late/Upper Aalenian174.7 - 170.9Japan Palinandromeda praepodbielensis, Palinandromeda spongoensis, Triversus japonicus, Palinandromeda podbielensis, Parvifavus irregularis (54166) Palinandromeda sp. B, Palinandromeda sp. D, Palinandromeda sp. E, Palinandromeda sp. C, Palinandromeda praepodbielensis, Palinandromeda sognoensis, Triversus sp. A, Triversus sp. E, Triversus japonicus, Palinandromeda podbielensis (51712)
Aalenian - Bajocian174.7 - 168.2Greece Palinandromeda sognoensis, Palinandromeda praepodbielensis (142124)
Aalenian - Bajocian174.7 - 168.2India (Jammu and Kashmir) Andromeda sp. (131359)
Early/Lower Bajocian170.9 - 168.6Japan Palinandromeda sp. C, Palinandromeda praepodbielensis, Palinandromeda songoensis, Palinandromeda sp. G, Palinandromeda sognoensis, Triversus sp. A, Triversus sp. E, Triversus japonicus, Parvifavus sp. B, Parvifavus sp. B0, Palinandromeda podbielensis (51713)
Bajocian170.9 - 168.2Spain Palinandromeda depressa (131815) Palinandromeda praepodbiliensis, Palinandromeda depressa (131814)
Bajocian170.9 - 168.2Greece Triversus japonicus (142137)
Bajocian170.9 - 168.2Oman Palinandromeda sognoensis (125363) Palinandromeda sognoensis, Palinandromeda depressa (125362)
Bajocian170.9 - 168.2Japan (Gifu) Andromeda sp. (96066)
Early/Lower Bajocian - Early/Lower Oxfordian170.9 - 154.8Türkiye Palinandromeda praepodbielensis (131010)
Late/Upper Bajocian168.6 - 168.2USA (Oregon) Parvifavus irregularis (106403)
Late/Upper Bajocian168.6 - 168.2Japan Palinandromeda praepodbielensis, Palinandromeda sp. G, Palinandromeda sp. Y, Triversus sp. A, Triversus japonicus, Parvifavus sp. B, Parvifavus sp. B0, Palinandromeda depressa, Palinandromeda podbielensis (51714)
Late/Upper Bajocian - Early/Lower Bathonian168.6 - 165.3Oman Palinandromeda praecrassa, Palinandromeda sognoensis, Palinandromeda depressa (125306)
Early/Lower Bathonian168.2 - 165.3USA (California) Palinandromeda sp. (51644)
Early/Lower Bathonian168.2 - 165.3USA (Oregon) Palinandromeda sp. A, Palinandromeda fimbria, Triversus fastigatus (94149)
Middle Bathonian168.2 - 165.3Switzerland Triversus japonicus, Parvifavus sp. 1, Triversus schardti (66939)
Bathonian - Early/Lower Callovian168.2 - 161.5Oman Palinandromeda depressa (125283)
Late/Upper Bathonian - Callovian168.2 - 161.5Oman Palinandromeda crassa, Palinandromeda podbielensis (125375)
Late/Upper Bathonian - Early/Lower Callovian168.2 - 161.5Italy Palinandromeda praecrassa, Palinandromeda sp., Palinandromeda podbielensis (51086) Palinandromeda sp., Palinandromeda podbielensis (51087)
Late/Upper Bathonian - Early/Lower Callovian168.2 - 161.5Oman Palinandromeda depressa (125284)
Bathonian - Oxfordian168.2 - 154.8Spain Palinandromeda podbiliensis (131818 131820)
Callovian165.3 - 161.5Italy Palinandromeda podbielensis (47164 89639 89640 89641) Triversus sp. A, Palinandromeda depressa, Palinandromeda podbielensis, Parvifavus minoensis (47163)
Callovian165.3 - 161.5USA (California) Palinandromeda podbielensis, Palinandromeda fimbria (50737 50738)
Late/Upper Callovian165.3 - 161.5Germany (Bavaria) Triversus hungaricus (66976)
Middle Callovian165.3 - 161.5Italy Andromeda praepodbielensis, Andromeda podbielensis (53907) Andromeda sp. (53908)
Late/Upper Callovian - Early/Lower Oxfordian165.3 - 154.8Germany (Bavaria) Parvifavus irregularis (66982) Triversus hexagonatus (66978 66992 66998) Triversus hexagonatus, Triversus hungaricus (66985) Triversus hungaricus (66991) Triversus japonicus, Triversus hexagonatus (66984)
Late/Upper Callovian - Oxfordian165.3 - 154.8New Zealand Amphipyndax sp. (53784)
Late/Upper Callovian - Oxfordian165.3 - 154.8Oman Palinandromeda podbielensis (125371)
Early/Lower Oxfordian - Middle Oxfordian161.5 - 154.8Mexico (San Luis Potosi) Triversus japonicus (50755 50756)
Middle Oxfordian - Late/Upper Oxfordian161.5 - 154.8Romania Amphipyndax sp. (78706) Palinandromeda spp., Palinandromeda podbielensis (78681)
Middle Oxfordian - Late/Upper Oxfordian161.5 - 154.8Italy Palinandromeda spp., Palinandromeda podbielensis (78924)
Oxfordian161.5 - 154.8Italy Palinandromeda podbielensis (47168)
Oxfordian161.5 - 154.8Oman Palinandromeda crassa, Palinandromeda podbielensis (125376)
Oxfordian - Tithonian161.5 - 143.1Türkiye Palinandromeda sp. (130993)
Late/Upper Oxfordian157.9 - 154.8Switzerland Amphipyndax ellipticus (47162)
Early/Lower Kimmeridgian154.8 - 152.21Oman Palinandromeda crassa (125308)
Kimmeridgian154.8 - 149.2Oman Triversus fastigatus (125378)
Late/Upper Kimmeridgian152.21 - 149.2Antarctica (Antarctic Peninsula) Triversus fastigatus (51833 51836)
Late/Upper Kimmeridgian - Middle Tithonian152.21 - 143.1Russian Federation Triversus fastigatus (51290)
Early/Lower Tithonian149.2 - 145.06USA (California) Triversus fastigatus (50744) Triversus sp. (50740) Triversus sp., Triversus fastigatus (50743)
Early/Lower Tithonian149.2 - 145.06Antarctica Amphipyndax sp. A (46963) Triversus discors, Triversus fastigatus (51826) Triversus fastigatus (51827)
Early/Lower Tithonian149.2 - 145.06Italy Amphipyndax ellipticus, Amphipyndax sp. A (47167) Amphipyndax ellipticus, Amphipyndax sp. A, Amphipyndax obesa (47165)
Early/Lower Tithonian149.2 - 145.06Mexico (San Luis Potosi) Palinandromeda sp. (51770)
Early/Lower Tithonian149.2 - 145.06Germany (Bavaria) Amphipyndax sp., Palinandromeda sp., Triversus sp. A, Triversus sp. B, Stichomitra stocki (83083)
Middle Tithonian - Late/Upper Tithonian149.2 - 143.1Austria Palinandromeda podbielensis (51236)
Tithonian149.2 - 143.1Philippines Amphipyndax obesa (47170)
Late/Upper Tithonian145.06 - 143.1USA (California) Triversus sp. (50746)
Early/Lower Berriasian143.1 - 141.0Philippines Amphipyndax sp. 1, Triversus sp. 1, Triversus sp. 2 (51153)
Berriasian143.1 - 137.05Oman Amphipyndax ellipticus, Amphipyndax obesa (47171 47175) Amphipyndax obesa (47174) Amphipyndax sp. B, Amphipyndax obesa (47176)
Valanginian137.05 - 132.6Oman Amphipyndax obesa (47179 47180)
Cenomanian100.5 - 93.9Italy Stichomitra stocki (78741)
Late/Upper Cenomanian100.5 - 93.9Italy Stichomitra stocki (76493 77110 77313 77318 77366 77375)
Middle Cenomanian100.5 - 93.9Italy Stichomitra stocki (77290)
Late/Upper Cenomanian - Early/Lower Turonian100.5 - 89.8Poland Amphipyndax stocki (60290 60310)
Late/Upper Cenomanian - Turonian100.5 - 89.8Japan (Hokkaido) Amphipyndax stocki (96023 96024 96025 96026)
Early/Lower Turonian93.9 - 89.8Canada (Nunavut) Amphipyndax stocki (165998)
Early/Lower Turonian93.9 - 89.8Poland Stichomitra stocki (95781)
Early/Lower Turonian - Middle Turonian93.9 - 89.8Slovakia Stichomitra stocki (95820 95821 95822)
Late/Upper Turonian93.9 - 89.8Greece Stichomitra stocki (94921)
Turonian93.9 - 89.8Russian Federation (Moskovskaya Oblast) Amphipyndax stocki (95912)
Turonian93.9 - 89.8Russian Federation (Bryansk) Amphipyndax stocki, Amphipyndax mediocris (95990)
Coniacian89.8 - 85.7Canada (Nunavut) Amphipyndax stocki (166001)
Coniacian89.8 - 85.7Japan (Hokkaido) Amphipyndax sp. A, Amphipyndax stocki (96028 96029 96033) Amphipyndax stocki (96027 96030 96031 96032)
Late/Upper Coniacian89.8 - 85.7Germany (Bayern) Amphipyndax pseudoconulus, Amphipyndax stocki (95842)
Coniacian - Santonian89.8 - 83.6Costa Rica Amphipyndax sp. (209715)
Early/Lower Santonian85.7 - 83.6Canada (Nunavut) Amphipyndax stocki (166002)
Early/Lower Santonian85.7 - 83.6Russian Federation (Moskovskaya Oblast) Amphipyndax stocki (95977)
Late/Upper Santonian85.7 - 83.6Canada (Nunavut) Amphipyndax stocki (166003)
Late/Upper Santonian85.7 - 83.6Germany (Bayern) Amphipyndax polyporus, Amphipyndax pseudoconulus, Amphipyndax tylotus, Amphipyndax stocki (95841)
Santonian85.7 - 83.6Russian Federation (Vladimir) Amphipyndax stocki (95994)
Santonian85.7 - 83.6Russian Federation (Volgograd) Amphipyndax stocki (95166)
Santonian85.7 - 83.6Japan (Hokkaido) Amphipyndax sp. A, Amphipyndax stocki (96034 96036 96037 96038 96039 96040 96042) Amphipyndax stocki (95788 96041)
Santonian85.7 - 83.6Russian Federation (Tambov) Amphipyndax stocki (95161 95162) Amphipyndax stocki, Amphipyndax mediocris (95160)
Santonian - Early/Lower Campanian85.7 - 72.2Russian Federation (Tambov) Amphipyndax stocki (95158) Amphipyndax stocki, Amphipyndax mediocris (95159)
Campanian83.6 - 72.2Japan (Hokkaido) Amphipyndax stocki (96044 96045 96046)
Campanian83.6 - 72.2Türkiye (Antalya) Amphipyndax pseudoconulus, Stichomitra stocki (90702)
Early/Lower Campanian83.6 - 72.2Poland Protostichocapsa stocki (95794)
Early/Lower Campanian83.6 - 72.2Japan (Hokkaido) Amphipyndax stocki (95789)
Late/Upper Campanian83.6 - 72.2South Pacific Amphipyndax stocki (95818)
Late/Upper Campanian83.6 - 72.2New Zealand Amphipyndax sp., Amphipyndax stocki (95819)
Late/Upper Campanian83.6 - 72.2Japan (Wakayama) Amphipyndax pseudoconulus, Amphipyndax strekta, Amphipyndax stocki (95764) Amphipyndax pseudoconulus, Amphipyndax tylotus, Amphipyndax stocki, Amphipyndax mediocris (95766) Amphipyndax stocki (95765)
Middle Campanian - Late/Upper Campanian83.6 - 72.2Japan (Hokkaido) Amphipyndax stocki (95790)
Early/Lower Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0Japan (Hokkaido) Amphipyndax stocki (95791)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0Japan (Hokkaido) Amphipyndax stocki (95792 95793)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0New Zealand (Marlborough) Amphipternis alamedaensis, Amphipyndax stocki, Amphipternis clava (95845) Amphipyndax conicus, Amphipternis alamedaensis, Amphipyndax stocki (95843 95848 95884 95885 95886 95887 95888) Amphipyndax conicus, Amphipyndax stocki (95844 95846 95849) Amphipyndax conicus, Amphipyndax stocki, Amphipternis clava (95847)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0Czechia Amphipyndax pseudoconulus, Amphipyndax tylotus, Amphipyndax stocki (67451)
Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0South Pacific Amphipyndax stocki (258872 258873)
Danian66.0 - 61.66New Zealand (Marlborough) Amphipternis alamedaensis (95874) Amphipternis alamedaensis, Amphipyndax stocki (95852 95854 95857 95869 95870 95872 95875 95878 95879 95880 95882 95890 95895 95901 95902 95903 95906 95907) Amphipternis alamedaensis, Amphipyndax stocki, Amphipternis clava (95858) Amphipyndax conicus, Amphipternis alamedaensis, Amphipyndax stocki (95853 95859 95866 95877 95881 95883 95892 95893 95894 95896 95900) Amphipyndax conicus, Amphipyndax stocki (95851 95889 95897) Amphipyndax stocki (95855 95856 95860 95865 95868 95873 95876 95891 95904 95905 95908)
Selandian61.66 - 59.24New Zealand (Marlborough) Amphipternis alamedaensis, Amphipyndax stocki (95909) Amphipyndax stocki (95910)