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Plagiacanthidae

Protozoa - Nassellaria - Plagiacanthidae

Taxonomy
Plagiacanthidae was named by Hertwig (1879). Its type is Plagiacantha.

It was assigned to Nassellaria by Dumitrica and Zügel (2003).

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1879Plagiacanthidae Hertwig
2003Plagiacanthidae Dumitrica and Zügel p. 14

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RankNameAuthor
—Life
—Eukaryota()
classProtozoaGoldfuss 1820
subphylumSarcodinaSchmarda 1871
classReticulareaLankester 1885
RankNameAuthor
subclassRadiolaria(Müller 1858)
superorderPolycystina(Ehrenberg 1838)
orderNassellariaEhrenberg 1875
familyPlagiacanthidaeHertwig 1879
familyPlagiacanthidaeHertwig 1879

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Fm. †Plagiacanthidae Hertwig 1879
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G. Helotholus Jørgensen 1905
G. Mitrocalpis Haeckel 1882
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Mitrocalpis araneafera Popofsky 1908
Subfm. Plagiacanthinae Hertwig 1879
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G. Dumetum Popofsky 1908
G. †Jeanpierria Dumitrica 2004
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†Jeanpierria splendida Dumitrica 2004
G. Neosemantis Popofsky 1913
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Invalid names: Campylacantha Jörgensen 1905 [synonym]
G. Paracystidium Cachon and Cachon 1969
G. Pentaplagia Cachon and Cachon 1969
G. Plagiacantha Claparede 1858
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†Plagiacantha nana Bykova 1955
Invalid names: Plagiacantha australis Hinde 1899 [nomen dubium]
G. Plagonium Haeckel 1881
G. Plectagonidium Cachon and Cachon 1969
G. Polyplecta Haeckel 1881
G. Tetraplagia Haeckel 1881
G. Tetraplecta Haeckel 1881
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†Tetraplecta hattorii Dumitrica 2004
†Tetraplecta yaoi Dumitrica 2004
G. Pteroscenium Haeckel 1882
Subfm. †Zaldacriinae Dumitrica 2004
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G. †Palaeosemantis Dumitrica 2004
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†Palaeosemantis golli Dumitrica 2004
G. †Zaldacria Dumitrica 1982
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†Zaldacria cornucaprae Dumitrica 1982
†Zaldacria marmoladensis Dumitrica 2004
Subfm. †Zamolxinae Dumitrica 1982
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G. †Arachnoplecta Dumitrica and Zügel 2003
G. †Daniplagia Dumitrica 2004
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†Daniplagia danica Dumitrica 2004
G. †Molzaxis Dumitrica 2004
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†Molzaxis haeckeli Dumitrica 2004
†Molzaxis tardus Dumitrica 1982
G. †Rhabdolithis Ehrenberg 1847
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†Rhabdolithis devaensis Dumitrica 2004
Rhabdolithis pipa Ehrenberg 1854
G. †Tetrarchiplagia Dumitrica 1982
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†Tetrarchiplagia arborescens Dumitrica 1982
†Tetrarchiplagia centroconcha Dumitrica 2004
†Tetrarchiplagia quadrispina Dumitrica 1982
G. †Verticiplagia Dumitrica 2004
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†Verticiplagia abietinoides Dumitrica 1982
†Verticiplagia balatonica Dumitrica 2004
†Verticiplagia deflandrei Dumitrica 2004
†Verticiplagia filiforma Dumitrica 2004
†Verticiplagia oregonensis Dumitrica 2004
†Verticiplagia ramosa Dumitrica and Zügel 2003
†Verticiplagia rhinoceros Dumitrica 2004
†Verticiplagia simplex Sugiyama 1992
†Verticiplagia turcica Dumitrica 2004
†Verticiplagia verticillata Dumitrica 1982
†Verticiplagia yehae Dumitrica 2004
G. †Zamolxis Dumitrica 1982
+
†Zamolxis corona Dumitrica 1982
†Zamolxis dumitricai Sugiyama 1992
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: silicap
Environment: marinep
Locomotion: passively mobilep
Life habit: planktonicp
Diet: omnivorep
Created: 2005-01-28 01:13:47
Modified: 2005-01-28 03:13:47
Source: p = phylum
Reference: Kiessling 1999

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Spathian to the top of the Holocene or 248.10000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 246.7 Ma

Collections (115 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Smithian - Spathian249.9 - 246.7Thailand Tetrarchiplagia sp. (64504 64505 64507 64510 64511)
Spathian248.1 - 246.7Thailand (San Kamphaeng) Tetrarchiplagia sp. (220605 220606 220607 220611 220612)
Spathian248.1 - 246.7Japan Tetrarchiplagia simplex, Zamolxis dumitricai (95372)
Anisian246.7 - 241.464China (Yunnan) Zamolxis sp. (95442)
Pelsonian244.24 - 243.33China (Yunnan) Zamolxis sp. (220596)
Pelsonian244.24 - 243.33Romania Zamolxis tardus, Tetrarchiplagia verticillata, Tetrarchiplagia abietinoides, Zamolxis corona, Zaldacria cornucaprae (130108)
Illyrian243.33 - 241.464Hungary Zaldacria marmoladensis, Palaeosemantis golli, Verticiplagia verticillata, Verticiplagia abietinoides, Verticiplagia balatonica, Verticiplagia rhinoceros (96199)
Illyrian - Fassanian243.33 - 239.48Italy (Veneto) Tetrarchiplagia verticillata, Tetrarchiplagia abietinoides, Verticiplagia rhinoceros, Tetrarchiplagia arborescens, Tetrarchiplagia quadrispina (96204)
Fassanian241.464 - 239.48Albania Zaldacria sp. (53993)
Fassanian241.464 - 239.48Indonesia Tetrarchiplagia compacta, Tetrarchiplagia sp. (66917 66921) Tetrarchiplagia sp. (66918)
Ladinian241.464 - 237.0Oman Verticiplagia verticillata (130111)
Ladinian241.464 - 237.0Italy Zaldacria marmoladensis, Palaeosemantis golli, Molzaxis haeckeli, Tetrarchiplagia centroconcha, Verticiplagia verticillata, Verticiplagia deflandrei, Verticiplagia filiforma, Verticiplagia rhinoceros, Tetrarchiplagia arborescens (130109)
Carnian - Norian237.0 - 205.7Albania Tetrarchiplagia sp. (53990)
Carnian - Norian237.0 - 205.7USA (Oregon) Verticiplagia verticillata (130112)
Pliensbachian192.9 - 184.2Türkiye (Antalya) Tetrarchiplagia turcica (81267)
Early/Lower Toarcian184.2 - 182.9USA (Oregon) Tetrarchiplagia yehae (124328) Verticiplagia oregonensis, Verticiplagia yehae (124334)
Early/Lower Bajocian170.9 - 168.6Japan Tetraplecta hattorii (130114)
Early/Lower Bajocian170.9 - 168.6USA (Oregon) Tetrarchiplagia yehae (32730)
Late/Upper Bajocian168.6 - 168.2Japan Tetraplecta yaoi (51714)
Early/Lower Tithonian149.2 - 145.06Germany (Bayern) Arachnoplecta architectonica, Tetrarchiplagia tithoniana, Tetrarchiplagia ramosa (51152)
Coniacian89.8 - 85.7Romania Rhabdolithis devaensis (130115)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0New Zealand (Marlborough) Plagiacanthidae indet. (95844 95845 95846 95847 95848 95849 95884 95885 95888)
Danian66.0 - 61.66New Zealand (Marlborough) Plagiacanthidae indet. (95851 95858 95866 95875 95877 95878 95879 95881 95889 95892 95893 95894 95897 95901 95903)
Late/Upper Paleocene - Early/Lower Eocene59.24 - 48.07Denmark Daniplagia danica (130116)
Middle Eocene48.07 - 37.71New Zealand Dumetum sp. (130117) Jeanpierria splendida (130118) Rhabdolithis pipa (130120)
Early/Lower Miocene23.04 - 15.98Southern Ocean Helotholus haysi (253176 253177 253178 253179 253181 253182)
Middle Miocene15.98 - 11.63Southern Ocean Helotholus vema, Helotholus haysi (253173)
Late/Upper Miocene11.63 - 5.333Southern Ocean Helotholus haysi (247625 247626 247627 247628 247920 258880 258881 258882 258883 258885 258886 259940 259943) Helotholus vema (259939)
Pliocene5.333 - 2.58Southern Ocean Helotholus haysi (252118) Helotholus vema (247910 247912 247913 247914 247917 252120 252123 252125 252133 252134 258876 258877 258878 259937) Helotholus vema, Helotholus haysi (252127)
Pleistocene2.58 - 0.0117Southern Ocean Helotholus vema (247619 250733 250739 252116 252117 258874) Mitrocalpis araneafera (252110)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129Japan Plagiacantha panarium (233709 233710 233711 233712)
Middle Pleistocene - Late/Upper Pleistocene0.774 - 0.0117Japan Plagiacantha panarium (233713)
NN210.29 - 0.0North Pacific Pteroscenium pinnatum (266882 266883 266884 266885)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Japan Plagiacantha panarium, Cryptogyrus araneafera (233714)
Holocene0.0117 - 0.0Southern Ocean Plagiacanthidae indet., Mitrocalpis araneafera (250721)