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Cetiosaurus oxoniensis
Taxonomy
Cetiosaurus oxoniensis was named by Phillips (1871). Its type specimen is OUM J13605-13613, 13615-13616, 13619-13688, 13899, a set of postcrania, and it is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Bletchington Station (OUM), which is in a Bathonian terrestrial sandstone/shale in the Forest Marble Formation of the United Kingdom. It was considered monophyletic by Upchurch and Martin (2003).
It was recombined as Ceteosaurus oxoniensis by Hulke (1887); it was recombined as Ornithopsis oxoniensis by Seeley (1889), Seeley (1889).
It was recombined as Ceteosaurus oxoniensis by Hulke (1887); it was recombined as Ornithopsis oxoniensis by Seeley (1889), Seeley (1889).
Synonyms
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Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1870 | Cetiosaurus giganteus Owen |
| 1870 | Cetiosaurus giganteus Phillips p. 16 |
| 1871 | Ceteosaurus giganteus Phillips p. 290 |
| 1871 | Ceteosaurus oxoniensis Phillips p. 291 |
| 1871 | Cetiosaurus oxoniensis Phillips p. 291 fig. 2 |
| 1882 | Ceteosaurus oxoniensis Etheridge p. 198 |
| 1887 | Ceteosaurus oxoniensis Hulke p. 375 |
| 1887 | Cetiosaurus oxoniensis Hulke p. 698 |
| 1888 | Cetiosaurus oxoniensis Lydekker pp. 56-57 |
| 1889 | Ornithopsis oxoniensis Seeley p. 395 |
| 1890 | Cetiosaurus oxoniensis Woodward and Sherborn p. 214 |
| 1890 | Cetiosaurus oxoniensis Zittel p. 705 |
| 1893 | Cetiosaurus oxoniensis Winkler p. 104 |
| 1895 | Cetiosaurus oxoniensis Lydekker p. 332 |
| 1898 | Cetiosaurus oxoniensis Woodward p. 201 |
| 1900 | Cetiosaurus oxoniensis Sauvage p. 504 |
| 1901 | Cetiosaurus oxoniensis Nopcsa p. 205 |
| 1927 | Cetiosaurus oxoniensis Huene p. 446 |
| 1928 | Cetiosaurus oxoniensis Perrier p. 3086 |
| 1932 | Cetiosaurus oxoniensis Stromer p. 9 |
| 1934 | Cetiosaurus oxoniensis Swinton p. 33 |
| 1939 | Cetiosaurus oxoniensis Kuhn p. 84 |
| 1944 | Cetiosaurus oxoniensis Huene p. 442 |
| 1964 | Cetiosaurus oxoniensis Tatarinov p. 544 |
| 1970 | Cetiosaurus oxoniensis Jones p. 149 |
| 1970 | Cetiosaurus oxoniensis Steel p. 64 |
| 1978 | Cetiosaurus oxoniensis Bonaparte p. 427 fig. 202 |
| 1979 | Cetiosaurus oxoniensis Jain et al. p. 206 |
| 1980 | Cetiosaurus oxoniensis Charig p. 242 |
| 1981 | Cetiosaurus oxoniensis Santafé-Llopis et al. p. 140 |
| 1986 | Cetiosaurus oxoniensis Bonaparte pp. 365-366 |
| 1990 | Cetiosaurus oxoniensis McIntosh p. 377 |
| 1992 | Cetiosaurus oxoniensis Cheevely and Chapman p. 347 |
| 1997 | Cetiosaurus oxoniensis Buffetaut p. 213 |
| 2002 | Cetiosaurus oxoniensis Upchurch and Martin p. 1052 |
| 2003 | Cetiosaurus oxoniensis Upchurch and Martin |
| 2004 | Cetiosaurus oxoniensis Upchurch et al. p. 263 |
| 2006 | Cetiosaurus oxoniensis Galton and Knoll p. 905 |
| 2006 | Cetiosaurus oxoniensis Royo-Torres et al. fig. S4 |
| 2007 | Cetiosaurus oxoniensis Naish and Martill p. 497 |
| 2010 | Cetiosaurus oxoniensis Barrett et al. p. 116 |
| 2011 | Cetiosaurus oxoniensis Buffetaut et al. p. 153 |
| 2011 | Cetiosaurus oxoniensis Taylor et al. p. 90 |
| 2013 | Cetiosaurus oxoniensis International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature p. 48 |
| 2014 | Cetiosaurus oxoniensis Mocho et al. |
| 2015 | Cetiosaurus oxoniensis Manning et al. p. 5 |
| 2016 | Cetiosaurus oxoniensis Mocho et al. p. 236 |
| 2019 | Cetiosaurus oxoniensis Holwerda et al. p. 2 |
| 2019 | Cetiosaurus oxoniensis Raveloson et al. p. 1 |
| 2021 | Cetiosaurus oxoniensis Holwerda et al. p. 576 |
| 2021 | Cetiosaurus oxoniensis Ren et al. p. 1875 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
†Cetiosaurus oxoniensis Phillips 1871
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Invalid names: Cetiosaurus giganteus Owen 1870 [synonym]
Diagnosis
| Reference | Diagnosis | |
|---|---|---|
| P. M. Upchurch and J. Martin 2003 | Medium to large non-neosauropod dinosaur from the Middle Jurassic, distinguished by the following autapomorphies: (1) symmetrical ‘pyramid’-shaped neural spines on posterior cervicals and anterior dorsals; (2) loss of the spinodiapophyseal lamina (or complete fusion of this lamina with the spinopostzygapophyseal lamina) on all dorsal neural spines; (3) distal caudal centra have ‘tongue’-like projections on their articular faces which extend the floor of the neural canal anteroposteriorly; (4) distal shafts of anterior chevrons are anteroposteriorly compressed and do not taper to a transversely flattened distal end; (5) triangular hollow, bounded dorsally by a horizontal ridge, on the lateral surface of the base of the pubic process of the ilium. |
Body mass estimates
| estimate | equation | reference |
|---|---|---|
| 39.1 tons | Sauropoda femur circumference | Anderson et al. 1985 |
| 15.8 tons | Sauropoda humerus circumference | Anderson et al. 1985 |
| mean: 24.9 tons | ||
Measurements
| part | N | mean | minimum | maximum | median | s.d. | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| femur circumference | 1 | 683.0 | - | - | - | - | |
| fibula circumference | 1 | 300.0 | - | - | - | - | |
| humerus circumference | 2 | 584.4 | 575.0 | 594.0 | 584.5 | 13.4 | |
| tibia circumference | 1 | 300.0 | - | - | - | - | |
| ulna circumference | 1 | 346.0 | - | - | - | - |
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| Source: g = genus, infrao = infraorder | |||||
| References: Peczkis 1995, Marsh 1875 | |||||
Age range: Bathonian or 168.30000 to 166.10000 Ma
Collections (6 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Late/Upper Bajocian | United Kingdom (England) | Cetiosaurus oxoniensis (27876) | |
| Bathonian | United Kingdom (England) | Cetiosaurus medius (52591) Cetiosaurus sp. (52510) | |
| Late/Upper Bathonian | United Kingdom (England) | Ceteosaurus oxoniensis (type locality: 53520) Cetiosaurus giganteus (68658) | |
| Middle Bathonian | United Kingdom (England) | Ungulata indet. (59716) |