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Palaeoscolecida

Palaeoscolecida

Taxonomy
Palaeoscolecida was named by Conway-Morris and Robison (1986). It was considered paraphyletic by Wills et al. (2012).

It was assigned to Annelida by Sepkoski (2002); to Nematomorpha by Zhang and Hua (2005); to Cycloneuralia by Wills et al. (2012); to Ecdysozoa by Smith (2015); and to Palaeoscolecidomorpha by Shi et al. (2022).

Synonyms
Synonymy list
YearName and author
1986Palaeoscolecida Conway-Morris and Robison
2002Palaeoscolecida Sepkoski
2005Palaeoscolecida Zhang and Hua p. 3
2012Palaeoscolecida Wills et al. pp. 2070, 2072
2015Palaeoscolecida Smith p. 974
2022Palaeoscolecida Shi et al. p. 4

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Protostomia
—Ecdysozoa
—CycloneuraliaAhlrichs 1995
RankNameAuthor
—Scaldiphora
phylumPriapulidaThéel 1906
—Palaeoscolecidomorpha
classPalaeoscolecidaConway-Morris and Robison 1986
classPalaeoscolecidaConway-Morris and Robison 1986

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Cl. †Palaeoscolecida Conway-Morris and Robison 1986
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G. †Corallioscolex Müller and Hintz-Schallreuter 1993
G. †Cowiella Hinz 1987
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†Cowiella granulata Hinz 1987
†Cowiella reticulata Hinz 1987
†Cowiella undulata Hinz 1987
†Cowiella verrucata Hinz 1987
Or. †Cricocosmida Han et al. 2007
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+
G. †Paramaotianshania Hu et al. 2012
+
†Paramaotianshania zijunia Hu et al. 2012
Fm. †Palaeoscolecidae Whittard 1953
+
G. †Guanduscolex Hu et al. 2008
+
†Guanduscolex minor Hu et al. 2008
G. †Hadimopanella Gedik 1977
+
†Hadimopanella apicata Wrona 1982
†Hadimopanella oezgueli Gedik 1977
G. †Kaimenella Märss 1988
+
†Kaimenella dailyi Brock and Cooper 1993
†Kaimenella reticulata Märss 1988
G. †Mafangscolex Hu 2005
+
†Mafangscolex sinensis Hou and Sun 1988
+
Invalid names: Palaeoscolex sinensis Hou and Sun 1988 [replaced]
G. †Palaeoscolex Whittard 1953
+
†Palaeoscolex piscatorum Whittard 1953
G. †Radnorscolex Botting and Muir 2012
G. †Sahascolex Ivantsov and Wrona 2004
+
†Sahascolex labyrinthus Ivantsov and Wrona 2004
G. †Scathascolex Smith 2015
+
†Scathascolex minor Smith 2015
G. †Wronascolex Ivantsov and Zhuravlev 2005
+
†Wronascolex antiquus García-Bellido et al. 2013
†Wronascolex iacoborum García-Bellido et al. 2013
†Wronascolex lubovae Ivantsov and Wrona 2004
†Wronascolex ratcliffei García-Bellido et al. 2013
†Wronascolex spinosus Ivantsov and Wrona 2004
Invalid names: Tylotitidae Han and Others 2003 [empty]
G. †Floraconformis Goñi et al. 2023
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†Floraconformis egiinensis Goñi et al. 2023
G. †Milaculum
Invalid names: Palaeoscolecida [invalid subgroup]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: no hard partsp
Locomotion: facultatively mobilep
Life habit: shallow infaunalp
Diet: carnivorep
Vision: blindc
Created: 2010-02-15 01:02:44
Modified: 2010-02-15 03:02:44
Source: c = class, p = phylum
References: Aberhan et al. 2004, Hendy et al. 2009

Age range: base of the Tommotian to the top of the Ludlow or 525.50000 to 423.00000 Ma

Collections (104 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Waucoban538.8 - 509.0Canada (Northwest Territories) Palaeoscolecida indet. (227949)
Caerfai - St Davids538.8 - 497.0China (Yunnan) Palaeoscolex sinensis (9937 9939)
Tommotian525.5 - 521.0China (Yunnan) Palaeoscolex sinensis (9784 9785 9786)
Atdabanian521.0 - 516.0United Kingdom (England) Cowiella granulata (79940) Cowiella reticulata, Cowiella verrucata, Cowiella undulata (79933)
Atdabanian521.0 - 516.0Mongolia (Khovsgol) Floraconformis egiinensis (235542)
Atdabanian521.0 - 516.0China (Yunnan) Mafangscolex sinensis (90133 90135 90137 90138 90149 90150 90151 90152 90161 90163 90164 90165 90166) Palaeoscolex sinensis (9938 68083 86845 86846 86851) Palaeoscolex sp. (86929 86930)
Nangaoian521.0 - 514.0China (Yunnan) Mafangscolex sinensi (194160) Mafangscolex sinensis (132327 132328 132329 132330 194140 194141 194143 194150 194153 194155 194161 194162 194163)
Branchian517.1 - 509.0United Kingdom (England) Cowiella reticulata (79935 79937) Hadimopanella apicata (79931) Milaculum sp. indet., Cowiella reticulata, Cowiella verrucata (79928)
Botomian516.0 - 512.9Russian Federation (Siberia) Hadimopanella knappologica (174262)
Botomian516.0 - 512.9Russian Federation (Yakutia) Palaeoscolecida indet., Palaeoscolex sp., Corallioscolex sp., Palaeoscolex lubovae, Palaeoscolex spinosus, Sahascolex labyrinthus (90438)
Botomian516.0 - 512.9China (Yunnan) Guanduscolex minor (90357) Palaeoscolex sp. (90363 90367 90368 90369 90370 90371) Paramaotianshania zijunia (139521)
Botomian516.0 - 512.9Australia (South Australia) Palaeoscolex antiquus, Wronascolex iacoborum (187498)
Lenian516.0 - 510.2Antarctica (South Shetland Islands) Hadimopanella antarctica (49692)
Dyeran515.3 - 511.2Greenland Hadimopanella apicata (49466 49467 49469 49470 49473 67782 67783 67787 67795 67797 67798 67799 67800)
Duyunian514.0 - 509.0China (Shaanxi) Palaeoscolecida indet. (90680)
Duyunian514.0 - 509.0China (Guizhou) Wronascolex sp. (237148)
Toyonian512.9 - 510.2Australia (South Australia) Kaimenella reticulata (64472 97986 97987 118171 118173)
Toyonian512.9 - 510.2Turkey (Konya) Hadimopanella oezgueli (93621)
Delamaran511.2 - 506.5USA (Utah) Palaeoscolex ratcliffei (77218)
Amgan510.2 - 504.5Russian Federation (Siberia) Hadimopanella knappologica (110619)
Amgan510.2 - 504.5Kyrgyzstan Hadimopanella oezgueli (156378)
Solvan510.2 - 504.5Russian Federation (Siberia) Hadimopanella knappologica (49429)
Drumian504.5 - 500.5USA (Utah) Scathascolex minor (230679)
Menevian504.5 - 499.5USA (Utah) P. gen. et sp. nov. A (230681)
Guzhangian500.5 - 497.0China (Yunnan) Palaeoscolecida indet. (219647)
Merioneth497.0 - 485.4Russian Federation (Siberia) Protoscolex tchopkoensis (10009)
Floian477.7 - 470.0China (Hunan) Palaeoscolecida indet. (226639)
Darriwilian467.3 - 458.4United Kingdom (Wales) P. NMW.2021.3 G.89 (230215)
Llandeilo461.1 - 458.4United Kingdom (Wales) Palaeoscolecidae gen. et sp. nov. Botting et al. in press (216511)
Caradoc458.4 - 449.5USA (New York) Protoscolex sp. (340)
Turinian457.3 - 453.8Canada (British Columbia) Milaculum sp. (192195)
Rocklandian457.3 - 449.6USA (Wisconsin) Milaculum sp. (90362)
Rocklandian - Shermanian457.3 - 449.6USA (Wisconsin) Milaculum sp. (90360)
Shermanian457.3 - 449.6USA (Wisconsin) Milaculum sp. (90366)
Edenian451.0 - 450.2USA (Ohio) Protoscolex sp. (383 384)
Maysvillian450.2 - 449.6Canada (Ontario) Protoscolex sp. (26302)
Richmondian449.6 - 445.5Canada (Nunavut) Milaculum ethinclarki (360)
Rhuddanian - Aeronian443.4 - 438.5USA (Iowa) Protoscolex sp. (26860)
Telychian438.5 - 433.4USA (Wisconsin) Palaeoscolecida indet. (91415)
Ludlow427.4 - 423.0USA (Illinois) Protoscolex ruedemanni (76450) Protoscolex sp. (26861)