PBDB Taxon

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Morphology	Ecology and taphonomy	External Literature Search	Age range and collections

Helcionella

Helcionelloida - Helcionellidae

Taxonomy

Helcionella was named by Grabau and Shimer (1909) [Sepkoski's age data: V N-Da-u Cm Dres-l Sepkoski's reference number: 14,110,1030]. It is the type genus of Helcionellidae.

It was assigned to Cyrtonellida by Bengtson (1992); to Helcionelloida by Sepkoski (2002); to Scenellidae by Bouchet et al. (2005); to Helcionellinae by Parkhaev and Demidenko (2010); and to Helcionellidae by Wenz (1938), Knight et al. (1960), Runnegar and Jell (1976), Feng et al. (2000), Parkhaev (2002), Gubanov et al. (2004), Jacquet and Brock (2016) and Ebbestad et al. (2024).

Species

H. antiqua, H. antiqua, H. aspera, H. capula, H. explanata, H. histosia, H. kunyangensis, H. lemdadensis, H. pricei, H. radiata, H. sidingshanensis, H. subrugosa (syn. Metoptoma rugosa), H. tianzhushanensis, H. waageni, H. xinjiangensis, H. yunnanensis

Species lacking formal opinion data

H. buttsi, H. callahani

Synonyms

Pseudotheca was named by Redlich (1899).

It was synonymized subjectively with Stenotheca by Cobbold (1935); it was synonymized subjectively with Helcionella by Kobayashi (1958).

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1899	Pseudotheca Redlich
1909	Helcionella Grabau and Shimer
1938	Helcionella Wenz
1960	Helcionella Knight et al. p. 172
1976	Helcionella Runnegar and Jell p. 117
1992	Helcionella Bengtson p. 1027
2000	Helcionella Feng et al. p. 373
2002	Helcionella Parkhaev p. 34
2002	Helcionella Sepkoski
2004	Helcionella Gubanov et al. p. 207
2005	Helcionella Bouchet et al. pp. 86, 241
2010	Helcionella Parkhaev and Demidenko p. 1021
2016	Helcionella Jacquet and Brock
2024	Helcionella Ebbestad et al. p. 1863

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Protostomia
—	Spiralia

Rank	Name	Author
superphylum	Lophotrochozoa
phylum	Mollusca
class	Helcionelloida	Peel 1991
family	Helcionellidae
genus	Helcionella

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. †Helcionella Grabau and Shimer 1909

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†Helcionella antiqua Kiær 1916

†Helcionella antiqua Abaimova 1976

†Helcionella aspera Noetling 1894

†Helcionella capula Geyer 1986

†Helcionella explanata Feng et al. 2000

†Helcionella histosia Jacquet and Brock 2016

†Helcionella kunyangensis He and Yang 1982

†Helcionella lemdadensis Geyer et al. 2018

†Helcionella pricei Resser and Howell 1938

†Helcionella radiata Yü 1979

†Helcionella sidingshanensis Zhou and Xiao 1984

†Helcionella subrugosa Hall 1847

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Invalid names: Metoptoma rugosa Hall 1847 [replaced]

†Helcionella tianzhushanensis Yü 1979

†Helcionella waageni Redlich 1899

†Helcionella xinjiangensis Yü 1986

†Helcionella yunnanensis Zhang and Babcock 2002

Invalid names: Pseudotheca Redlich 1899 [synonym]

Diagnosis

Reference	Diagnosis
P. Y. Parkhaev and Y. Demidenko 2010	"Shell cap-shaped, low conical and relatively wide, very rapidly expands from apex towards aperture. Apex hooked and displaced posteriorly, lying near posterior apertural margin. Aperture widely oval, without sinuses. Shell ornamentation represented by concentric ribs and folds, prominent to various extent; faint radial ornamentation can be also observed."

Measurements

No measurements are available

Composition:

aragonitec

Entire body:

yesg

Adult length:

1.0 to < 10g

Adult width:

1.0 to < 10g

Adult height:

1.0 to < 10g

Thickness:

thing

Folds:

noneg

Ribbing:

minorg

Spines:

noneg

Internal reinforcement:

noneg

Environment:

marinec

Locomotion:

slow-movingf

Life habit:

low-level epifaunalf

Diet:

detritivoref

Vision:

limitedc

Comments:

DIMENSIONS & MORPHOLOGY: From Feng et al. (2000) and Gubanov et al (2004); based on Helcionella bellus and Helcionella atdabanica respectively.g

Created:

2009-03-03 21:21:51

Modified:

2009-03-16 10:15:07

Source: g = genus, f = family, c = class

References: Feng et al. 2000, Hendy et al. 2009, Hendy 2009

Age range: base of the Jinnigian to the top of the Merioneth or 538.80000 to 485.40000 Ma

Collections (83 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Jinnigian	538.8 - 530.7	China (Yunnan)	Papilloconus explanatus (201550) Papilloconus explanatus, Scenella radiata (201551)
Nemakit-Daldynian	538.8 - 525.5	Russian Federation (Krasnoyarsk)	Purella antiqua (99473)
Nemakit-Daldynian	538.8 - 525.5	Russian Federation (Krasnoyarsk Krai)	Purella antiqua (233193)
Nemakit-Daldynian	538.8 - 525.5	Russian Federation (Siberia)	Purella antiqua (50317 50366 50427)
Nemakit-Daldynian	538.8 - 525.5	China (Yunnan)	H. explanata (171899)
Nemakit-Daldynian	538.8 - 525.5	Russian Federation (Khabarovsk Krai)	Purella antiqua (50367)
Nemakit-Daldynian	538.8 - 525.5	Russian Federation (Khabarovsk)	Purella antiqua (99465)
Nemakit-Daldynian	538.8 - 525.5	Russian Federation (Sakha)	H. sp., Purella antiqua (50313)
Nemakit-Daldynian	538.8 - 525.5	China (Hubei)	Emeiconus antiqua (97556)
Nemakit-Daldynian	538.8 - 525.5	China (Shaanxi)	H. sp. (86566)
Meishucunian - Nemakit-Daldynian	530.7 - 525.5	China (Yunnan)	Papilloconus explanatus (49681 87093)
Meishucunian	530.7 - 521.0	China (Yunnan)	Papilloconus explanatus (201523)
Meishucunian	530.7 - 521.0	China (Hubei)	Purella antiqua (155446 155468 155471 155473)
Meishucunian - Tommotian	530.7 - 521.0	China (Yunnan)	H. radiata (96449)
Tommotian	525.5 - 521.0	Russian Federation	H. sp. (233041)
Tommotian	525.5 - 521.0	Canada (Newfoundland and Labrador)	H. sp. (87332 87334 87361 87364 87365)
Tommotian	525.5 - 521.0	Russian Federation (Krasnoyarsk)	Purella antiqua (99484)
Tommotian	525.5 - 521.0	China (Hubei)	H. tianzhushanensis (56808) Purella antiqua (155442 155444) Scenella radiata (56807)
Tommotian	525.5 - 521.0	Russian Federation (Krasnoyarsk Krai)	Purella antiqua (232905 232906 233194)
Atdabanian	521.0 - 516.0	Sweden	H. sp. (87212)
Atdabanian	521.0 - 516.0	China (Yunnan)	H. yunnanensis (49896 49897)
Atdabanian	521.0 - 516.0	Australia (South Australia)	H. sp. nov. (140341)
Nangaoian	521.0 - 514.0	China (Xinjiang)	H. xinjiangensis (49494)
Atdabanian - Botomian	521.0 - 512.9	China (Anhui)	H. sidingshanensis (107632)
Botomian	516.0 - 512.9	Australia (New South Wales)	Helcionella indet. (225136)
Botomian	516.0 - 512.9	Australia (South Australia)	H. histosia (67983 190180)
Botomian	516.0 - 512.9	Norway (Mjosen)	H. rugosa (42220)
Lenian	516.0 - 510.2	Canada (Alberta)	H. sp. (10865)
Lenian	516.0 - 510.2	Spain (Asturias)	H. n. sp. (50551 99940)
Dyeran	515.3 - 511.2	USA (New York)	H. sp. (182) H. subrugosa (78767)
Dyeran	515.3 - 511.2	USA (Virginia)	H. sp. (188 195)
Dyeran	515.3 - 511.2	USA (Nevada)	Stenotheca rugosa (203345)
Dyeran	515.3 - 511.2	USA (Pennsylvania)	H. pricei (225188 226192 226194) H. sp. (192)
Duyunian	514.0 - 509.0	China (Anhui)	H. sp. (125434)
Duyunian	514.0 - 509.0	China (Liaoning)	H. sp. (128396)
Toyonian	512.9 - 510.2	Norway (Mjøsa)	H. antiqua (174259)
Ordian	511.2 - 508.0	Australia (Northern Territory)	H. sp. (203)
Delamaran	511.2 - 506.5	Mexico (Sonora)	H. sp. (90558)
Delamaran	511.2 - 506.5	Canada (British Columbia)	H. elongata (50544 225278)
Delamaran	511.2 - 506.5	USA (Virginia)	H. buttsi, H. callahani (219911)
Delamaran - Menevian	511.2 - 499.5	Mexico	H. sp. (10687)
Amgan	510.2 - 504.5	Czech Republic (Bohemia)	H. sp. (67709)
Solvan	510.2 - 504.5	Australia (New South Wales)	H. sp. (56811)
Solvan	510.2 - 504.5	Morocco (High Atlas)	H. capula, H. subrugosa, H. oblonga (50547) H. subrugosa (56970)
Solvan	510.2 - 504.5	Kazakhstan	H. sp. (56537)
Solvan	510.2 - 504.5	Canada (British Columbia)	H. sp. (56718)
Solvan - Menevian	510.2 - 499.5	Czech Republic	H. sp. (203343)
Taijangian	509.0 - 504.5	South Korea (North Gyeongsang)	Pseudotheca waageni (95662)
Middle Cambrian	509.0 - 497.0	Germany	H. sp. A, H. sp. B (210973)
Marjumian	504.5 - 497.0	USA (Vermont)	H. A (222)
Marjumian	504.5 - 497.0	USA (New York)	H. sp. (221)
Undillan	503.0 - 500.5	Germany	H. capula (197474) H. sp. A (186156) H. sp. A, H. capula (186151)
Boomerangian	500.5 - 499.0	New Zealand (Nelson)	Mollusca indet. (7897)
Merioneth	497.0 - 485.4	USA (Vermont)	H. sp. (217)
Merioneth	497.0 - 485.4	USA (Idaho)	H. sp. (198)