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Euretidae

Hexactinellida - Hexactinosa - Euretidae

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1877Euretidae Zittel
1993Euretidae Rigby and Mohanti p. 917
2001Euretidae Rigby et al. p. 468
2004Euretidae Finks and Rigby p. 437
2004Euretidae Reid p. 463

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
phylumPoriferaGrant 1836
classHexactinellidaSchmidt 1870
subclassHexasterophoraSchulze 1886
RankNameAuthor
orderHexactinosaSchrammen 1903
familyEuretidaeZittel 1877
familyEuretidaeZittel 1877

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Fm. †Euretidae Zittel 1877
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G. †Belonisia
Subfm. Chonelasmatinae Schrammen 1912
+
G. †Balantionella Schrammen 1902
+
†Balantionella elegans Schrammen 1902
G. Chonelasma Schulze 1886
G. †Eubrochis Schrammen 1902
+
†Eubrochis senonica Schrammen 1902
Invalid names: Callibrochis Schrammen 1912 [objective synonym], Oxyrhizium Schrammen 1912 [synonym]
G. †Habrosium Schrammen 1912
+
†Habrosium convolutum Schrammen 1912
G. †Megalodictyon Oppliger 1926
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†Megalodictyon fretreulensis Oppliger 1926
G. †Ptychorete Reid 1964
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†Ptychorete ijimai Reid 1964
G. Tretochone Reid 1959
G. †Typhlopleura Schrammen 1902
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†Typhlopleura dichotoma Schrammen 1902
G. †Wollemannia Schrammen 1912
+
†Wollemannia araneosa Schrammen 1912
†Wollemannia cribrosa Reid 1964
G. †Eotretochone Consoli et al. 2009
+
†Eotretochone australis Consoli et al. 2009
Subfm. Euretinae Zittel 1877
+
G. †Alosculum
G. †Blondetia Herenger 1944
G. †Dracospongia Rigby et al. 1998
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†Dracospongia undulata Rigby et al. 1998
G. Eurete Semper 1868
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Subg. †Eurete (Aulodomus) Schrammen 1937
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†Eurete (Aulodomus) farreides Schrammen 1937
†Eurete columnare Reid 1959
†Eurete farreoides Reid 1961
†Eurete formosum Reid 1959
†Eurete fragilis Schrammen 1912
†Eurete halli Schrammen 1912
†Eurete labyrinthica Schrammen 1912
†Eurete lithodendron Reid 1961
†Eurete maeandrina Schrammen 1912
†Eurete mantelli Reid 1959
†Eurete rauffi Schrammen 1912
†Eurete setosum Reid 1961
†Eurete smithi Reid 1961
†Eurete vaceleti Brimaud and Vachard 1986
Invalid names: Botryosella Schrammen 1912 [synonym], Hapalopegma Schrammen 1912 [synonym]
G. Heterochone Ijima 1927
+
†Heterochone hindei Schrammen 1912
†Heterochone punctata Schrammen 1912
G. †Linonema Laubenfels 1955
+
†Linonema calyx Schrammen 1937
†Linonema ramosa Lagneau-Herenger 1962
Invalid names: Linosoma Schrammen 1937 [replaced]
G. †Lopanella
G. Myliusia Gray 1859
+
†Myliusia cancellata Brimaud and Vachard 1986
G. †Nemarete Reid 1961
+
†Nemarete mirabilis Reid 1961
G. †Ordinatus Laubenfels 1955
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†Ordinatus texturatus Goldfuss 1826
G. Periphragella Marshall 1875
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†Periphragella johannae Schrammen 1912
†Periphragella plicata Schrammen 1902
Invalid names: Proeurete Schrammen 1902 [synonym]
G. †Plecteurete Herrmann-Degen 1980
G. Pleurochorium Schrammen 1912
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†Pleurochorium schulzei Schrammen 1912
G. †Polypyge Schrammen 1937
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†Polypyge pusilla Schrammen 1937
G. †Pseudocavispongia Herenger 1944
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†Pseudocavispongia stellata Herenger 1944
G. †Radioplica Wu 1990
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G. †Ramispongia Quenstedt 1877
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†Ramispongia micropora Lagneau-Herenger 1962
†Ramispongia ramosa Quenstedt 1877
G. †Verrucocoelia Etallon 1859
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†Verrucocoelia alpina Herenger 1944
†Verrucocoelia biswasi Rigby and Mohanti 1993
†Verrucocoelia patella Gerasimov 1960
†Verrucocoelia tubulata Smith 1848
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Invalid names: Periphragella elongata Moret 1925 [synonym], Periphragella simplex Schrammen 1912 [synonym]
†Verrucocoelia verrucosa Goldfuss 1829
G. †Wapkiosa Laubenfels 1955
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†Wapkiosa folium Schrammen 1912
†Wapkiosa tortuosa Schrammen 1912
Invalid names: Pleurothyris Schrammen 1912 [replaced]
G. Heterorete Dendy 1916
G. †Paleoramospongia Rigby et al. 2001
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†Paleoramospongia bifurcata Rigby et al. 2001
G. †Paleoregulara Rigby et al. 2001
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†Paleoregulara cupula Rigby et al. 2001
G. Pararete Ijima 1927
Subfm. Polythyridinae Schrammen 1912
+
G. Lefroyella Thomson 1877
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†Lefroyella favoidea Schrammen 1912
†Lefroyella montenati Brimaud and Vachard 1986
G. †Polythyris Schrammen 1912
+
†Polythyris cuneata Schrammen 1912
Subfm. †Pseudobecksiinae Finks et al. 2004
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G. †Pseudobecksia Reid 1964
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G. Verrucocoeloidea Reid 1969
+
Subg. †Verrucocoeloidea (Euretella) Finks et al. 2011
+
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: silicac
Environment: marinec
Locomotion: stationaryo
Attached: yeso
Life habit: epifaunalo
Diet: suspension feedero
Vision: blindc
Created: 2009-05-08 18:50:16
Modified: 2009-05-08 20:50:16
Source: o = order, c = class
References: Bambach et al. 2007, Kiessling 2004

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Late/Upper Frasnian to the top of the Tortonian or 375.20000 to 7.24600 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 372.15 Ma

Collections (93 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Late/Upper Frasnian375.2 - 372.15Poland Paleoregulara cupula, Paleoramospongia bifurcata (61840)
Carnian237.0 - 227.3China (Sichuan) Radioplica stephana (117022) Radioplica stephana, Dracospongia undulata (25405)
Early/Lower Pliensbachian192.9 - 184.2Morocco Verrucocoelia sp. (68514)
Early/Lower Oxfordian161.5 - 154.8Poland Aulodomus sp. (114525) Walcotella texturata (114500 114518 114522 114523)
Middle Oxfordian161.5 - 154.8Argentina Ordinatus sp., Linonema calyx (45546)
Middle Oxfordian161.5 - 154.8France Verrucocoelia bonjouri, Verrucocoelia gregaria, Verrucocoelia ramosa, Verrucocoelia verrucosa (68642)
Middle Oxfordian161.5 - 154.8Poland Ordinatus texturatus (60807 60808 60809 60811 60812 60816) Ramispongia ramosa (60810 60850) Verrucocoelia gregaria (60817) Walcotella texturata (114246 114248 114506)
Middle Oxfordian161.5 - 154.8Spain Verrucocoelia sp. (68308)
Middle Oxfordian - Late/Upper Oxfordian161.5 - 154.8Argentina (Mendoza) Ordinatus sp., Linonema calyx (135242)
Middle Oxfordian - Late/Upper Oxfordian161.5 - 154.8Germany Ramispongia nodosa, Verrucocoelia bipartita, Verrucocoelia verrucosa, Ordinatus texturatus, Ramispongia ramosa, Megalodictyon fretreulensis, Linonema calyx (74033) Verrucocoelia verrucosa, Ordinatus texturatus, Ramispongia ramosa, Megalodictyon fretreulensis, Polypyge pusilla, Linonema calyx (74036)
Late/Upper Oxfordian157.9 - 154.8France Verrucocoelia bonjouri, Verrucocoelia gregaria, Verrucocoelia major, Verrucocoelia ramosa (67975)
Late/Upper Oxfordian157.9 - 154.8Poland Ordinatus texturatus (60852 60855) Ordinatus texturatus, Ramispongia ramosa (60851 60853) Ramispongia ramosa (60856) Verrucocoelia gregaria, Ordinatus texturatus, Ramispongia ramosa, Linonema calyx (60854)
Late/Upper Oxfordian157.9 - 154.8Germany Ramispongia ramosa (74044)
Late/Upper Oxfordian157.9 - 154.8Germany (Bavaria) Periphragella sp. (25411)
Early/Lower Kimmeridgian154.8 - 152.21Germany Verrucocoelia verrucosa, Ordinatus texturatus, Ramispongia ramosa, Linonema calyx (74037)
Kimmeridgian154.8 - 149.2Germany Aulodomus farreides, Ordinatus texturatus, Ramispongia ramosa, Linonema calyx (74063) Ordinatus texturatus, Ramispongia ramosa, Linonema calyx (74050)
Late/Upper Kimmeridgian152.21 - 149.2Germany (Baden-Württemberg) Verrucocoelia sp. 1, Verrucocoelia sp. 2 (154138)
Late/Upper Kimmeridgian152.21 - 149.2Germany Ordinatus texturatus (74064) Ordinatus texturatus, Ramispongia ramosa (74065) Ramispongia ramosa (74066)
Tithonian149.2 - 143.1Russian Federation (Moskovskaya Oblast) Verrucocoelia patella (114679)
Early/Lower Valanginian137.05 - 132.6France (Provence-Alpes-Cote d'Azur) Pseudocavispongia stellata (111691) Verrucocoelia alpina, Pseudocavispongia stellata (111687)
Aptian121.4 - 113.2Spain (Catalonia) Linonema ramosa, Ramispongia micropora (111533)
Early/Lower Albian113.2 - 110.1France (Provence-Alpes-Cote d'Azur) Periphragella elongata (112209)
Late/Upper Albian106.3 - 100.5France (Provence-Alpes-Cote d'Azur) Periphragella plicata (112215)
Late/Upper Albian106.3 - 100.5France (Languedoc-Rousillon) Eurete sp. (112213)
Cenomanian100.5 - 93.9United Kingdom (England) Eurete columnare, Eurete formosum, Eurete mantelli, Eurete prolatum (113106) Eurete meandrina, Eurete farreoides, Eurete lithodendron, Eurete setosum, Eurete smithi, Nemarete mirabilis, Eurete formosum, Eurete prolatum (112692)
Late/Upper Cenomanian100.5 - 93.9Sweden Myliusia sp. (70427)
Late/Upper Turonian93.9 - 89.8United Kingdom (England) Eurete formosum (113103 113109) Eurete periphragelloides, Eurete formosum (112693 113108)
Late/Upper Turonian93.9 - 89.8France (Nord-Pas de Calais) Eurete rauffi (113562)
Turonian93.9 - 89.8Germany (Niedersachsen) Botryosella labyrinthica (110533)
Coniacian - Santonian89.8 - 83.6United Kingdom (England) Pseudobecksia schmidti, Eurete formosum (112696)
Coniacian - Santonian89.8 - 83.6United Kingdom (Northern Ireland) Ptychorete ijimai (112694) Wollemannia laevis, Oxyrhizium eximium, Eurete formosum (113139)
Santonian85.7 - 83.6United Kingdom (Northern Ireland) Eurete formosum (113104)
Santonian85.7 - 83.6Poland Periphragella plicata (112491) Periphragella plicata, Lefroyella favoidea, Wollemannia araneosa, Verrucocoelia alpina, Verrucocoelia tubulata (112490) Verrucocoelia sp., Periphragella plicata, Lefroyella favoidea, Verrucocoelia alpina, Eurete halli, Verrucocoelia tubulata (112492)
Campanian83.6 - 72.2United Kingdom (Northern Ireland) Wollemannia laevis (113140)
Campanian83.6 - 72.2Germany (Niedersachsen) Farrea halli, Eurete rauffi, Periphragella plicata, Periphragella johannae, Periphragella simplex, Lefroyella favoidea, Chonelasma hindei, Chonelasma punctata, Callibrochis senonensis, Wollemannia araneosa, Habrosium convolutum, Oxyrhizium eximium, Pleurothyris tortuosa, Pleurothyris folium, Pleurochorium schulzei, Hapalopegma fragilis, Hapalopegma maeandrina, Balantionella elegans, Polythyris cuneata (110530)
Campanian83.6 - 72.2United Kingdom (North Yorkshire) Wollemannia laevis, Pleurochorium schulzei (113105)
Campanian83.6 - 72.2United Kingdom (England) Eurete sp., Wollemannia laevis, Eurete formosum (113111)
Early/Lower Campanian83.6 - 72.2Germany (Sachsen-Anhalt) Eurete sp., Wollemannia araneosa (112628)
Early/Lower Campanian - Middle Campanian83.6 - 72.2Germany Balantionella elegans (64187)
Late/Upper Campanian83.6 - 72.2United Kingdom (England) Eurete sp., Pleurochorium schulzei (113137)
Late/Upper Campanian83.6 - 72.2United Kingdom (Ireland) Eurete clarkei (197343) Eurete clarkei, Wollemannia sp., Wollemannia araneosa (197341) Eurete sp., Eurete clarkei, Verrucocoelia sp., Wollemannia araneosa (197336) Eurete sp., Wollemannia araneosa (197342)
Late/Upper Campanian83.6 - 72.2Germany (Niedersachsen) Pleurostoma dichotoma (31993)
Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0United Kingdom (Norfolk) Wollemannia cribrosa (112697)
Danian66.0 - 61.66New Zealand (Chatham Islands Territory) Euretidae indet., Pararete sp., Eotretochone australis (110115)
Teurian - Waipawan66.0 - 52.0New Zealand Eurete simplissima, Heterorete sp., Pararete farreopsis, Chonelasma lamella (110069)
Lutetian48.07 - 41.03Italy (Veneto) Eurete sp. (110070)
Middle Eocene48.07 - 37.71India (Gujarat) Verrucocoelia biswasi (4889)
Bartonian41.03 - 37.71USA (North Carolina) Verrucocoeloidea corallina (5376)
Bartonian41.03 - 37.71Spain Eurete clava (61248)
Bartonian41.03 - 37.71USA (Washington) Eurete goederti (161922 161924)
Chattian27.3 - 23.04USA (Washington) Eurete geoderti (4869) Eurete goederti (91623)
Burdigalian20.45 - 15.98Algeria Lefroyella sp. (114102)
Tortonian11.63 - 7.246Spain (Andalusia) Eurete vaceleti (116135) Lefroyella sp., Eurete vaceleti, Lefroyella montenati (110114)
Tortonian11.63 - 7.246Spain (Murcia) Eurete vaceleti, Lefroyella montenati, Myliusia cancellata (116132)