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Tetracladina

Demospongiae - Tetralithistida

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1878Tetracladina Zittel
2004Tetracladina Finks et al. p. 203
2015Tetracladina Senowbari-Daryan and Rigby p. 391

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
phylumPoriferaGrant 1836
classDemospongiae(Sollas 1875)
subclassLithistida(Schmidt 1870)
RankNameAuthor
orderTetralithistidaLagneau-Hérenger 1962
suborderTetracladinaZittel 1878
suborderTetracladinaZittel 1878

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Subor. Tetracladina Zittel 1878
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Fm. †Astrocladiidae Schrammen 1901
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G. †Astrocladia Zittel 1878
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†Astrocladia subramosa Roemer 1864
Invalid names: Asterospongia Roemer 1864 [synonym]
G. †Microdendron Schrammen 1901
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†Microdendron ramulosum Schrammen 1901
Fm. †Chenendoporidae Roemer 1864
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G. †Chenendopora Lamouroux 1821
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†Chenendopora fungiformis Lamouroux 1821
†Chenendopora marsili Stoppani 1865
G. †Dimorphina Reid 2004
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Invalid names: Dimorpha Courtiller 1861 [replaced]
G. †Microcladina Lagneau-Herenger 1962
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†Microcladina aptiensis Lagneau-Herenger 1962
Fm. †Phymaraphiniidae Schrammen 1910
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G. †Compsapsis Sollas 1880
G. †Cycloclema Schrammen 1910
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†Cycloclema compressa Hinde 1883
G. Exsuperantia Ozdikmen 2009
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Invalid names: Rimella Schmidt 1879 [replaced]
G. †Lopadophorus Schrammen 1910
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†Lopadophorus fusiformis Lagneau-Herenger 1962
†Lopadophorus globosus Lagneau-Herenger 1962
†Lopadophorus lacunosus Schrammen 1910
G. †Pholidocladia Hinde 1884
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Subg. †Pholidocladia (Stelidium) Schrammen 1924
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G. †Phymaraphinia Schrammen 1901
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†Phymaraphinia plana Lagneau-Herenger 1962
Invalid names: Phymoraphinia Schrammen [objective synonym]
G. †Polyrhipidium Schrammen 1924
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†Polyrhipidium cristagalli Schrammen 1924
G. †Prokaliapsis Schrammen 1901
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†Prokaliapsis clavata Hinde 1884
†Prokaliapsis cretacea Schrammen 1901
†Prokaliapsis danubica Wagner 1963
†Prokaliapsis gemina Schrammen 1924
†Prokaliapsis schrammeni Wagner 1963
†Prokaliapsis subglobosa Schrammen 1924
Fm. †Plinthosellidae Schrammen 1910
+
G. †Claytonia Finks et al. 2011
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†Claytonia rayi Finks et al. 2011
G. †Hazelina Finks et al. 2011
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†Hazelina bisbifurcata Finks et al. 2011
G. †Ingentilotus Laubenfels 1955
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†Ingentilotus micropelta Schrammen 1910
†Ingentilotus ostreiformis Lagneau-Herenger 1962
Invalid names: Dactylotus Schrammen 1910 [synonym]
G. †Plinthosella Zittel 1878
+
†Plinthosella acanthodes Defretin-Lefranc 1960
†Plinthosella elegans Hurcewicz 1966
†Plinthosella punctata Lagneau-Herenger 1962
†Plinthosella squamosa Zittel 1878
G. †Pycnodesma Schrammen 1910
+
†Pycnodesma globosa Schrammen 1910
Fm. †Protetraclisidae Schrammen 1924
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G. †Rhizotetraclis Kolb 1910
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†Rhizotetraclis plana Kolb 1910
G. †Sontheimia Kolb 1910
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†Sontheimia parasitica Kolb 1910
†Sontheimia perforata Kolb 1910
Fm. †Radiocelliidae Senowbari-Daryan and Wurm 1994
+
G. †Radiocella Senowbari-Daryan and Wurm 1994
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†Radiocella prima Senowbari-Daryan and Wurm 1994
Fm. Siphoniidae d'Orbigny 1851
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Subfm. †Lerouxiinae Moret 1926
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G. †Lerouxia Moret 1926
G. †Mastophoratus Reid 2004
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Invalid names: Mastophorus [replaced]
Subfm. †Phymatellinae Schrammen 1910
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G. †Asterocalyx Moret 1926
G. †Astrolemma Schrammen 1924
G. †Bolojerea
G. †Calymmatina Zittel 1878
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†Calymmatina rimosa Zittel 1878
G. †Craterella Schrammen 1901
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†Craterella auricula Schrammen 1910
†Craterella platystoma Defretin-Lefranc 1960
†Craterella rhizophyta Ulbrich 1974
†Craterella tuberosa Schrammen 1901
G. †Kalpinella Hinde 1884
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†Kalpinella homalostega Defretin-Lefranc 1960
†Kalpinella rugosa Hinde 1884
G. †Kozlowskispongia Hurcewicz 1966
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†Kozlowskispongia bulbosa Hurcewicz 1966
G. †Paraspelaeum Schrammen 1924
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G. †Phymatella Zittel 1878
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†Phymatella bulbosa Zittel 1878
†Phymatella heteropora Zittel 1878
†Phymatella intumescens Roemer 1864
†Phymatella irregularis Hurcewicz 1966
†Phymatella sphaeroides Schrammen 1910
†Phymatella spinosa Schrammen 1910
Invalid names: Pseudoplocoscyphia [synonym]
G. †Phymoracia Pomel 1872
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†Phymoracia verrucosa Roemer 1864
Invalid names: Myrmeciophytum Schrammen 1910 [synonym]
G. †Trachysycon Zittel 1878
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†Trachysycon muricatum Roemer 1864
G. †Tretotoechus Opplinger 1915
Subfm. Siphoniinae d'Orbigny 1851
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G. †Actinosiphonia Sintzova 1878
G. †Aulaxinia Zittel 1878
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†Aulaxinia fallax Schrammen 1910
†Aulaxinia melo Schrammen 1910
†Aulaxinia sulcifera Roemer 1864
†Aulaxinia ventricosa Schrammen 1910
G. †Callopegma Zittel 1878
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†Callopegma acaule Zittel 1878
†Callopegma plana Lagneau-Herenger 1962
G. †Hallirhoa Lamouroux 1821
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†Hallirhoa fusiformis Schrammen 1910
G. †Jerea Lamouroux 1821
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†Jerea clavata Pocta 1892
†Jerea excavata Michelin 1847
†Jerea gracilis Schrammen 1910
†Jerea michieli Stoppani 1865
†Jerea prolifera Courtiller 1861
†Jerea pyriformis Lamouroux 1821
†Jerea quenstedti Zittel 1878
†Jerea striata Lagneau-Herenger 1962
G. †Nelumbia
G. †Polyierea Fromentel 1860
+
Subg. †Polyierea (Thecosiphonia) Zittel 1878
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†Thecosiphonia gracilis Hurcewicz 1966
†Thecosiphonia postumus Schrammen 1910
†Thecosiphonia ramosa Schrammen 1910
†Thecosiphonia torgeri Schrammen 1910
G. †Siphonia Goldfuss 1826
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Subg. †Siphonia (Pachycalymma) Schrammen 1901
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†Pachycalymma subglobosa Schrammen 1901
Subg. †Siphonia (Siphonia) Goldfuss 1826
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†Siphonia griepenkerli Schrammen 1910
†Siphonia maliformis Schrammen 1910
†Siphonia micropora Schrammen 1910
†Siphonia permiana de Gregorio 1930
†Siphonia tulipa Zittel 1878
G. †Turonia Michelin 1847
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†Turonia cerebriformis Schrammen 1910
†Turonia constricta Zittel 1878
†Turonia globosa Wagner 1963
†Turonia induta Zittel 1878
†Turonia variabilis Michelin 1847
Fm. Theonellidae Lendenfeld 1904
+
Subfm. †Acrochordoniinae Schrammen 1910
+
G. †Achrochordiella Rigby 1981
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†Achrochordiella vokesi Rigby 1981
G. †Acrochordonia Schrammen 1901
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†Acrochordonia auricula Schrammen 1910
†Acrochordonia bifurcata Hurcewicz 1966
†Acrochordonia coilorhopalota Defretin-Lefranc 1960
†Acrochordonia irregularis Ulbrich 1974
†Acrochordonia ramosa Schrammen 1901
†Acrochordonia regularis Hurcewicz 1966
†Acrochordonia stellata Lagneau-Herenger 1962
G. †Eustrobilus Schrammen 1910
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†Eustrobilus aptiensis Lagneau-Herenger 1962
†Eustrobilus callosus Schrammen 1910
†Eustrobilus extraneus Hurcewicz 1966
G. †Phyllodermia Schrammen 1924
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Subg. †Phyllodermia (Cladodermia) Schrammen 1924
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†Phyllodermia (Cladodermia) curta Lagneau-Herenger 1962
Subg. †Phyllodermia (Phyllodermia) Schrammen 1924
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†Phyllodermia coronata Courtiller 1861
†Phyllodermia kempckei Wagner 1963
†Phyllodermia magna Hurcewicz 1966
†Phyllodermia pulchra Hurcewicz 1966
†Phyllodermia punctata Lagneau-Herenger 1962
G. †Pliegatella Brimaud and Vachard 1986
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†Pliegatella genovefae Brimaud and Vachard 1986
G. †Pseudojerea Moret 1926
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†Pseudojerea excavata Moret 1946
†Pseudojerea micropora Defretin-Lefranc 1960
G. †Ragadinia Zittel 1878
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†Ragadinia doederleini Schrammen 1910
†Ragadinia foraminifera Hurcewicz 1966
†Ragadinia laccophora Wagner 1963
†Ragadinia rimosa Roemer 1864
Subfm. †Phymaplectiinae Reid 2004
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G. †Phymaplectia Hinde 1883
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†Phymaplectia cribrata Hinde 1884
Invalid names: Phymaplecia [objective synonym]
G. †Thamnospongia Hinde 1884
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Subfm. †Theonellinae von Lendenfeld 1904
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G. †Colossolacis Schrammen 1910
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†Colossolacis plicata Schrammen 1910
G. Discodermia du Bocage 1869
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†Discodermia catalaunica Lagneau-Herenger 1962
†Discodermia gleba Schrammen 1910
†Discodermia polytylostoma Brimaud and Vachard 1986
†Discodermia stellata Moret 1925
G. †Leiophyllum Schrammen 1924
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†Leiophyllum panniculosum Schrammen 1924
G. †Placoscytus Schrammen 1910
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†Placoscytus jereaeformis Schrammen 1901
Invalid names: Sollasella Schrammen 1901 [synonym]
G. †Rhoptrum Schrammen 1910
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†Rhoptrum scytaliforme Schrammen 1910
G. †Verrucodesma Lagneau-Herenger 1962
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†Verrucodesma cylindrata Lagneau-Herenger 1962
†Verrucodesma subconica Lagneau-Herenger 1962
G. †Zitteleus
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: silicao
Environment: marineo
Locomotion: stationaryo
Attached: yeso
Life habit: epifaunalo
Diet: suspension feedero
Vision: blindc
Created: 2006-05-26 06:29:24
Modified: 2009-05-08 20:27:50
Source: o = order, c = class
References: Kiessling 2004, Whittington et al. 1997

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Wordian to the top of the Tortonian or 266.90000 to 7.24600 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 264.28 Ma

Collections (101 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Wordian266.9 - 264.28Italy Siphonia permiana (233340)
Sevatian212.0 - 205.6Austria Radiocella prima (58093)
Rhaetian208.5 - 201.3Italy Jerea michieli (204921)
Late/Upper Bathonian167.7 - 164.7India (Gujarat) Rhizotetraclis plana (93561)
Oxfordian163.5 - 157.3Spain Jerea sp. (67866 67867)
Late/Upper Oxfordian161.2 - 155.7France Bathotheca ovata (67975)
Middle Oxfordian - Late/Upper Oxfordian161.2 - 155.7Germany Callopegma plana, Sontheimia parasitica, Sontheimia perforata (74033) Sontheimia parasitica, Sontheimia perforata (74036)
Early/Lower Kimmeridgian155.7 - 150.8Germany Sontheimia perforata (74037)
Late/Upper Kimmeridgian155.7 - 150.8Germany Tetracladina indet., Kalpinella pateraeformis (74099)
Tithonian152.1 - 145.0Canada (Nova Scotia) Eustrobilus sp. (67978)
Early/Lower Tithonian150.8 - 145.0Germany Rhizotetraclis plana, Sontheimia parasitica (34608)
Valanginian139.8 - 132.9Canada (Nova Scotia) Eustrobilus sp. (45348)
Aptian125.0 - 113.0Spain (Catalonia) Cladodermia pistillum, Phyllodermia incrassata, Thecosiphonia nobilis, Phymatella intumescens, Aulaxinia sulcifera, Aulaxinia ventricosa, Craterella auricula, Siphonia pyriformis, Discodermia stellata, Eustrobilus callosus, Rhoptrum scytaliforme, Polyierea lobata, Kalpinella pateraeformis, Discodermia catalaunica, Phyllodermia coronata, Cladodermia curta, Cladodermia colossea, Verrucodesma subconica, Verrucodesma cylindrata, Eustrobilus aptiensis, Phymaraphinia plana, Prokaliapsis gemina, Polyrhipidium cristagalli, Lopadophorus fusiformis, Ingentilotus ostreiformis, Acrochordonia stellata, Jerea excavata (111533) Cladodermia pistillum, Siphonia koenigi, Phymatella intumescens, Aulaxinia ventricosa, Craterella auricula, Turonia cerebriformis, Siphonia pyriformis, Eustrobilus callosus, Kalpinella pateraeformis, Kalpinella rugosa, Callopegma plana, Jerea striata, Phyllodermia coronata, Phyllodermia punctata, Verrucodesma cylindrata, Eustrobilus aptiensis, Microcladina aptiensis, Lopadophorus fusiformis, Lopadophorus globosus, Plinthosella punctata, Phymaplectia irregularis, Jerea excavata (111534)
Albian - Early/Lower Cenomanian113.0 - 93.5United Kingdom (England) Siphonia pyriformis (198091)
Early/Lower Albian112.03 - 109.0Spain (Cantabria) Aulaxinia sulcifera, Aulaxinia ventricosa, Phymaraphinia infundibuliformis, Chenendopora fungiformis (110529)
Late/Upper Albian105.3 - 99.6France (Champagne-Ardenne) Jerea clavata (113762) Jerea mutabilis (113765) Jerea mutabilis, Jerea pyriformis, Jerea excavata (113761) Phyllodermia incrassata, Cycloclema compressa, Craterella platystoma, Kalpinella homalostega, Pseudojerea micropora (113758) Ragadinia rimosa, Kalpinella pateraeformis (113760)
Late/Upper Albian105.3 - 99.6France (Languedoc-Rousillon) Siphonia pyriformis (112214)
Late/Upper Albian105.3 - 99.6France (Picardie) Polyierea pyriformis (113649) Pseudojerea micropora (113831)
Cenomanian100.5 - 93.9Poland Plinthosella squamosa (110333) Siphonia pyriformis (110332)
Cenomanian100.5 - 93.9France Calymmatina inflata (110462)
Cenomanian100.5 - 93.9France (Nord-Pas de Calais) Jerea prolifera (113766) Siphonia pyriformis, Siphonia tulipa, Acrochordonia coilorhopalota (113767)
Early/Lower Cenomanian99.6 - 93.5United Kingdom (England) Chenendopora fungiformis (49496)
Middle Cenomanian99.6 - 93.5Russian Federation (Volgograd) Jerea sp., Phyllodermia sp., Siphonia sp. (92399)
Middle Cenomanian - Late/Upper Cenomanian99.6 - 93.5Germany Jerea sp., Siphonia sp. (74183)
Turonian93.9 - 89.8Germany (Sachsen-Anhalt) Phymatella intumescens, Phymatella spinosa, Thecosiphonia torgeri, Thecosiphonia ramosa, Jerea quenstedti (110532)
Turonian93.9 - 89.8Germany (Niedersachsen) Phymatella intumescens (110533) Phymatella intumescens, Thecosiphonia torgeri, Pholidocladia dichotoma, Jerea quenstedti (110531) Thecosiphonia nobilis, Phymatella intumescens (110617)
Early/Lower Turonian93.5 - 89.3Germany (Bayern) Pholidocladia sp., Thecosiphonia torgeri, Turonia constricta, Turonia cerebriformis, Jerea pyriformis, Siphonia pyriformis, Acrochordonia ramosa, Phyllodermia antiqua, Ragadinia rimosa, Pholidocladia dichotoma, Astrocladia subramosa, Pycnodesma globosa, Polyierea arbuscula, Kalpinella pateraeformis, Polyrhipidium cristagalli, Thecosiphonia neoburgensis, Turonia globosa, Phyllodermia kempckei, Phyllodermia galloprovincialis, Ragadinia laccophora, Pseudojerea excavata, Leiophyllum panniculosum, Thamnospongia reticulata, Prokaliapsis schrammeni, Prokaliapsis danubica, Phymaplectia cribrata (114012)
Early/Lower Turonian93.5 - 89.3Czech Republic Astrocladia sp., Jerea decurtata, Siphonia geinitz, Siphonia sp. (90517) Siphonia geinitz (90518)
Early/Lower Turonian93.5 - 89.3France (Rhone-Alpes) Plinthosella sp., Ragadinia galloprovincialis, Thecosiphonia torgeri, Pycnodesma globosa, Phyllodermia coronata (110460)
Late/Upper Turonian93.5 - 89.3France (Rhone-Alpes) Discodermia sp., Phymatella nodosa, Phymatella reticulata, Siphonia costata, Turonia praeinduta, Phymatella bulbosa, Aulaxinia fallax, Turonia variabilis, Jerea pyriformis, Siphonia pyriformis, Phyllodermia antiqua, Discodermia stellata, Jerea striata, Jerea clavata (110461)
Late/Upper Turonian93.5 - 89.3France (Nord-Pas de Calais) Pycnodesma globosa (113834 113835)
Coniacian89.8 - 86.3Denmark Plinthosella sp. (74908)
Coniacian89.8 - 86.3France (Nord-Pas de Calais) Plinthosella acanthodes (113832) Pycnodesma globosa (113833)
Coniacian - Santonian89.8 - 83.6France Jerea acuta (72114)
Coniacian - Santonian89.8 - 83.6Germany (Niedersachsen) Callopegma depressa, Lopadophorus janus, Phymatella bulbosa, Siphonia griepenkerli, Trachysycon muricatum, Astrocladia subramosa (110612) Lopadophorus janus, Phymatella bulbosa, Siphonia griepenkerli, Trachysycon muricatum (110613)
Santonian86.3 - 83.6Germany (Niedersachsen) Callopegma acaule (110618)
Santonian86.3 - 83.6Greece Phyllodermia sp., Siphonia tubulosa (61516)
Santonian - Campanian86.3 - 72.1Germany (Niedersachsen) Aulaxinia sulcifera, Callopegma acaule, Ragadinia rimosa, Plinthosella squamosa (110614)
Campanian83.6 - 72.1Germany (Niedersachsen) Hallirhoa sexplicata, Lopadophorus griepenkerli, Siphonia tubulosa, Siphonia griepenkerli, Siphonia coronata, Astrocladia subramosa, Polyierea pyriformis (110615) Phymatella bulbosa, Aulaxinia sulcifera, Myrmeciophytum verrucosum (110616) Phymatella tuberosa, Siphonia tubulosa, Phymatella bulbosa, Phymatella sphaeroides, Phymatella heteropora, Aulaxinia sulcifera, Aulaxinia fallax, Craterella auricula, Myrmeciophytum verrucosum, Callopegma acaule, Thecosiphonia postumus, Turonia variabilis, Turonia constricta, Turonia cerebriformis, Jerea gracilis, Siphonia maliformis, Siphonia micropora, Acrochordonia ramosa, Acrochordonia auricula, Discodermia antiqua, Ragadinia rimosa, Ragadinia doederleini, Placoscytus jereaeformis, Eustrobilus callosus, Colossolacis plicata, Rhoptrum scytaliforme, Phymaraphinia infundibuliformis, Cycloclema compressa, Pholidocladia dichotoma, Prokaliapsis clavata, Prokaliapsis cretacea, Lopadophorus lacunosus, Astrocladia subramosa, Plinthosella squamosa, Dactylotus micropelta, Pycnodesma globosa, Jerea quenstedti (110530)
Campanian83.6 - 72.1France Thecosiphonia turbinata (72113)
Campanian83.6 - 72.1Poland Plinthosella squamosa (110335)
Early/Lower Campanian83.5 - 70.6Germany (Sachsen-Anhalt) Jerea griepenkerli, Phyllodermia incrassata, Phyllodermia pyriformis, Prokaliapsis janus, Prokaliapsis griepenkerli, Acrochordonia bifurcata, Phymatella bulbosa, Craterella auricula, Turonia constricta, Astrocladia subramosa, Prokaliapsis gemina, Prokaliapsis subglobosa, Acrochordonia irregularis (112629) Phymatella tuberosa, Phymatella bulbosa, Phymatella sphaeroides, Aulaxinia sulcifera, Callopegma acaule, Ragadinia rimosa, Colossolacis plicata, Astrocladia subramosa, Plinthosella squamosa, Craterella rhizophyta, Paraspelaeum labyrinthicum (112628)
Early/Lower Campanian83.5 - 70.6Poland Callopegma ficoideum, Phyllodermia costata, Plinthosella sp., Siphonia ficus, Siphonia tubulosa, Phyllodermia magna, Phyllodermia pulchra, Ragadinia foraminifera, Aulaxinia ventricosa, Callopegma acaule, Jerea pyriformis, Siphonia pyriformis, Siphonia tulipa, Discodermia galloprovincialis, Ragadinia rimosa, Eustrobilus callosus, Cycloclema compressa (110122) Callopegma ficoideum, Prokaliapsis arborescens, Eustrobilus extraneus, Plinthosella elegans, Acrochordonia regularis, Phymatella bulbosa, Callopegma acaule, Turonia variabilis, Jerea pyriformis, Ragadinia rimosa, Eustrobilus callosus, Prokaliapsis clavata (110121) Callopegma ficoideum, Siphonia tubulosa, Phymatella irregularis, Thecosiphonia gracilis, Ragadinia foraminifera, Acrochordonia bifurcata, Phymatella bulbosa, Myrmeciophytum verrucosum, Callopegma acaule, Acrochordonia ramosa, Discodermia galloprovincialis, Ragadinia rimosa, Eustrobilus callosus, Prokaliapsis clavata, Plinthosella squamosa (110120) Eustrobilus callosus (110330) Ragadinia rimosa (110329)
Early/Lower Campanian - Middle Campanian83.5 - 70.6Germany Craterella tuberosa, Myrmeciophytum verrucosum, Discodermia gleba, Prokaliapsis cretacea (64187)
Late/Upper Campanian83.5 - 70.6Germany Aulaxinia sulcifera (64143) Aulaxinia sulcifera, Callopegma acaule, Plinthosella squamosa (64177) Callopegma acaule (64153) Phymatella bulbosa, Phymatella heteropora, Callopegma acaule, Turonia induta, Ragadinia rimosa, Plinthosella squamosa (64215) Phymoraphinia infundibuliformis, Aulaxinia sulcifera (64136) Phymoraphinia infundibuliformis, Aulaxinia sulcifera, Callopegma acaule (64155)
Late/Upper Campanian83.5 - 70.6Germany (Niedersachsen) Phymatella tuberosa, Siphonia tubulosa, Phymatella bulbosa, Phymatella sphaeroides, Phymatella heteropora, Aulaxinia sulcifera, Aulaxinia melo, Aulaxinia ventricosa, Craterella auricula, Callopegma acaule, Turonia variabilis, Turonia constricta, Turonia induta, Calymmatina rimosa, Siphonia maliformis, Hallirhoa fusiformis, Discodermia antiqua, Discodermia colossea, Ragadinia rimosa, Placoscytus jereaeformis, Eustrobilus callosus, Colossolacis plicata, Phymaraphinia infundibuliformis, Cycloclema compressa, Prokaliapsis clavata, Astrocladia subramosa, Microdendron ramulosum, Chenendopora fungiformis, Plinthosella squamosa, Dactylotus micropelta, Jerea quenstedti (31993)
Late/Upper Campanian83.5 - 70.6Poland Cycloclema compressa (110334) Kozlowskispongia bulbosa, Acrochordonia regularis, Turonia variabilis, Ragadinia rimosa, Cycloclema compressa, Plinthosella squamosa (110119)
Early/Lower Maastrichtian70.6 - 66.0Germany (Mecklenburg-Vorpommern) Aulaxinia sulcifera, Aulaxinia fallax, Callopegma acaule, Turonia cerebriformis, Siphonia pyriformis, Plinthosella squamosa (32022)
Early/Lower Maastrichtian70.6 - 66.0Poland Aulaxinia sulcifera, Plinthosella squamosa (110337) Phymatella irregularis, Aulaxinia sulcifera, Aulaxinia fallax (110336) Plinthosella squamosa (110339) Turonia variabilis (110338)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian70.6 - 66.0Poland Astrocladia subramosa (110340) Plinthosella squamosa (110341) Turonia variabilis (28081)
Teurian - Waipawan66.0 - 53.0New Zealand Discodermia sp. (110069)
Lutetian47.8 - 41.3Italy (Veneto) Chenendopora sp., Rhoptrum sp., Siphonia sp. (110070)
Lutetian - Priabonian47.8 - 33.9Ukraine Phymaraphiniidae indet. (229621) Theonella alexandriae (229618)
Bartonian41.3 - 38.0USA (North Carolina) Achrochordiella vokesi, Claytonia rayi (119416) Hazelina bisbifurcata, Claytonia rayi (5376)
Bartonian - Priabonian41.3 - 33.9USA (North Carolina) Achrochordiella vokesi (110071)
Priabonian38.0 - 33.9Ukraine Phymaraphiniidae indet. (229622) Theonellidae indet. (229620) Theonellidae indet., Phymaraphiniidae indet. (229619)
Oligocene33.9 - 23.03Ukraine Chenendopora piaskovskii, Lerouxia digitata, Plinthosella magna, Theonella ukrainica (62044)
Burdigalian20.44 - 15.97Algeria Discodermia sp. (114102)
Serravallian13.82 - 11.62Portugal Theonellidae indet. (117021)
Tortonian11.62 - 7.246Spain (Andalusia) Discodermia sp., Discodermia polytylostoma, Pliegatella genovefae (110114) Pliegatella genovefae (116135)
Tortonian11.62 - 7.246Spain (Murcia) Discodermia polytylostoma, Pliegatella genovefae (116132 116137)