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Pleuromeris
Taxonomy
Pleuromeris was named by Conrad (1867) [Sepkoski's age data: T Eo-l R Sepkoski's reference number: 899]. It is extant.
It was reranked as Venericardia (Pleuromeris) by Dall (1903), Olsson (1914), Harris (1919); it was reranked as Glans (Pleuromeris) by Gardner (1943); it was reranked as Cardita (Pleuromeris) by DuBar (1958), Olsson (1967).
It was assigned to Venericardia by Dall (1903), Olsson (1914), Harris (1919); to Glans by Gardner (1943); to Cardita by DuBar (1958), Olsson (1967); to Carditamerinae by Vokes (1980), Gazdzicki and Pugaczewska (1984); to Venericardiinae by Beu et al. (1990); to Carditidae by Malumian et al. (1978), Woodring (1982), Ward and Blackwelder (1987), Frassinetti and Covacevich (1999); and to Veneroida by Sepkoski (2002).
It was reranked as Venericardia (Pleuromeris) by Dall (1903), Olsson (1914), Harris (1919); it was reranked as Glans (Pleuromeris) by Gardner (1943); it was reranked as Cardita (Pleuromeris) by DuBar (1958), Olsson (1967).
It was assigned to Venericardia by Dall (1903), Olsson (1914), Harris (1919); to Glans by Gardner (1943); to Cardita by DuBar (1958), Olsson (1967); to Carditamerinae by Vokes (1980), Gazdzicki and Pugaczewska (1984); to Venericardiinae by Beu et al. (1990); to Carditidae by Malumian et al. (1978), Woodring (1982), Ward and Blackwelder (1987), Frassinetti and Covacevich (1999); and to Veneroida by Sepkoski (2002).
Species
P. (Choniocardia), P. acaris, P. archaenepeanenesis, P. auroraensis, P. conradiana, P. decemcostata, P. elegantoides, P. finlayi, P. hectori, P. inflatior, P. inflator, P. instata, P. kapuaensis, P. marshalli, P. murdochi, P. otamateaensis, P. paucicostata, P. pecten, P. prolutea, P. tridentata, P. waitotarana, Venericardia (Pleuromeris) parva, Venericardia (Pleuromeris) scitula, Venericardia (Pleuromeris) scituloides, Venericardia (Pleuromeris) tellia, Venericardia (Pleuromeris) tortidens
Species lacking formal opinion data
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1867 | Pleuromeris Conrad |
| 1903 | Venericardia (Pleuromeris) Dall p. 1433 |
| 1914 | Venericardia (Pleuromeris) Olsson p. 20 |
| 1919 | Venericardia (Pleuromeris) Harris p. 87 |
| 1943 | Glans (Pleuromeris) Gardner p. 70 |
| 1958 | Cardita (Pleuromeris) DuBar p. 163 |
| 1967 | Cardita (Pleuromeris) Olsson p. 8 |
| 1978 | Pleuromeris Malumian et al. p. 275 |
| 1980 | Pleuromeris Vokes p. 118 |
| 1982 | Pleuromeris Woodring p. 629 |
| 1984 | Pleuromeris Gazdzicki and Pugaczewska p. 100 |
| 1987 | Pleuromeris Ward and Blackwelder p. 130 |
| 1990 | Pleuromeris Beu et al. p. 398 |
| 1999 | Pleuromeris Frassinetti and Covacevich p. 26 |
| 2002 | Pleuromeris Sepkoski |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
G. Pleuromeris Conrad 1867
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Subg. †Pleuromeris (Choniocardia) Cossmann 1904
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†Pleuromeris (Choniocardia) decussata Lamarck 1806
†Pleuromeris acaris Dall 1903
†Pleuromeris archaenepeanenesis Chapman and Crespin 1928
†Pleuromeris auroraensis Ward and Blackwelder 1987
†Pleuromeris conradiana Gabb 1881
†Pleuromeris decemcostata Conrad 1867
†Pleuromeris elegantoides Ortman 1902
†Pleuromeris finlayi Powell 1938
†Pleuromeris hectori Powell 1938
†Pleuromeris instata Laws 1944
†Pleuromeris kapuaensis Marwick 1931
Pleuromeris marshalli Marwick 1924
†Pleuromeris murdochi Powell 1938
†Pleuromeris otamateaensis Laws 1944
†Pleuromeris paucicostata Laws 1940
†Pleuromeris pecten Tate 1886
†Pleuromeris prolutea Marwick 1929
Pleuromeris tridentata Say 1826
†Pleuromeris waitotarana Laws 1940
†Venericardia (Pleuromeris) parva Lea 1833
†Venericardia (Pleuromeris) scitula Dall 1903
†Venericardia (Pleuromeris) scituloides Olsson 1914
†Venericardia (Pleuromeris) tellia Dall 1903
†Venericardia (Pleuromeris) tortidens Harris 1919
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: g = genus, superf = superfamily | |||||
| References: Sanchez Roig 1926, Todd 2001 | |||||
Age range
Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Danian to the top of the Late/Upper Pleistocene or 66.00000 to 0.01170 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 61.66 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 61.66 Ma
Collections (204 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Danian | New Zealand (Southland) | P. sp. (50217) | |
| Danian | Belgium | Choniocardia eisdenensis (26891) | |
| Selandian - Thanetian | New Zealand | P. sp. (64700) | |
| Ypresian | Belgium | P. decussata (77608) | |
| Eocene | Haiti | Cardita parva (61190) | |
| Lutetian | United Kingdom (England) | P. cuneata, P. decussata (8124) | |
| Lutetian | New Zealand (Canterbury) | P. sp. (50163) | |
| Lutetian | USA (Texas) | Venericardia leonensis (205496 205527) Venericardia sp. (205440 205537) | |
| Lutetian | Belgium | P. cuneata, P. decussata (77611) P. decussata (77613) | |
| Lutetian | USA (South Carolina) | P. parva (52344) | |
| Middle Eocene | Argentina | Venericardia elegantoides (71613) | |
| Lutetian - Priabonian | USA (Mississippi) | P. inflatior (1424 1425 1430 1431 1432 1433 1434) P. inflator (1290) P. inflator, Venericardia parva (1288) P. sp. (1283 1284 1285 1289 1292 1293 1422) P. sp., P. inflatior (1429) P. sp., P. inflator (1287 1291) Venericardia parva (1286) | |
| Lutetian - Priabonian | USA (Louisiana) | P. inflatior (1418) P. sp., P. inflatior (1294) | |
| Bortonian | New Zealand | P. n. sp. (64737) | |
| Bartonian | New Zealand (Canterbury) | P. sp. (50149 52131) | |
| Bartonian | USA (Alabama) | P. tortidens (90469) Venericardia parva (5311 5312 5318 5320 5321 5322 5330 5332 5334 5335 81266 81278 98355 205489) Venericardia parva, Venericardia sp. (205438) Venericardia parva, Venericardia tortidens (90600) | |
| Bartonian | USA (North Carolina) | P. quadrata (91736) | |
| Bartonian | USA (Louisiana) | P. inflatior (1414 1415) P. sp., P. inflatior (1413) Venericardia sp. (205501) | |
| Bartonian | USA (Arkansas) | Venericardia parva (99165) | |
| Bartonian | USA (Texas) | P. leonensis (98894) | |
| Bartonian | USA (Mississippi) | P. inflatior (91097 164232) P. quadrata (117473) P. quadrata, P. inflatior (90704 92393) Venericardia tortidens (2444 2446 2449 2451) | |
| Bartonian | New Zealand (Otago) | P. prolutea (52151) | |
| Bartonian | New Zealand | P. n. sp. (64741 64745) P. sp. (64730 67587 67588 67590) | |
| Priabonian | USA (Arkansas) | Venericardia parva (91085) | |
| Priabonian | USA (Louisiana) | P. inflator (32925) | |
| Early/Lower Oligocene | Argentina | P. elegantoides (66145 66146) P. sulcolunularis, P. camaronesia, P. cannada (71402) | |
| Oligocene | Argentina (Santa Curz) | P. sulcolunularis, P. camaronesia, P. cannada (48067) | |
| Late/Upper Oligocene | New Zealand | P. n. sp. (67864) | |
| Late/Upper Oligocene | New Zealand (Southland) | Venericardia prolutea (50784) | |
| Late/Upper Oligocene - Early/Lower Miocene | Argentina (Santa Cruz) | P. sp., P. sulcolunularis (48068) | |
| Early/Lower Miocene | Argentina | P. cruzensis (185967) P. sp. (185968) P. sp., P. cannada (71539 71540) P. sp., P. cruzensis (71543) P. sulcolunularis (71403 71404) P. sulcolunularis, P. sp., P. camaronesia, P. cannada (71430) P. sulcolunularis, P. sp., P. camaronesia, P. cannada, P. cruzensis (71542) | |
| Early/Lower Miocene | Chile | P. elegantoides (78425 78426 78427) | |
| Otaian | New Zealand | P. sp. (67827) | |
| Burdigalian | USA (Florida) | Venericardia scitula (42482 42605 42642 42656 42657 42663 42678) Venericardia tellia (41760 42222 42272 42281 42290 42328 42366 42367 42443) | |
| Altonian | New Zealand | P. prolutea (67897 67898 67899 67900) | |
| Middle Miocene | Australia (Victoria) | P. pecten (179602) | |
| Middle Miocene | New Zealand (Hawke's Bay) | P. sp. (45182) | |
| Serravallian | USA (Florida) | P. apsocitula (111204) Venericardia aposcitula (94810) | |
| Tortonian | Panama (Colon) | P. acaris (145254) | |
| Late/Upper Miocene | Trinidad and Tobago | Venericardia acaris (81976) | |
| Late/Upper Miocene | Australia (South Australia) | P. subpecten, P. pecten (63438 63439) P. subpecten, P. trigonalis, P. pecten (63432) | |
| Late/Upper Miocene | Venezuela | P. acaris (96488) | |
| Early/Lower Pliocene - Late/Upper Pliocene | USA (North Carolina) | Glans tridentata (59330) | |
| Pliocene | USA (North Carolina) | P. tridentata (79248) | |
| Pliocene | Antarctica | P. volkmanni (41576) | |
| Pliocene | USA (Florida) | Venericardia decemcostata (75020 75021 75022 75023 75024 75025 75026) Venericardia sp. (75010) | |
| Pliocene - Pleistocene | USA (Florida) | Cardita tridentata (41749) | |
| Late/Upper Pliocene | USA (Florida) | P. pitysia (79959) P. tridentata (69044) Venericardia scituloides (59487 59489) | |
| Late/Upper Pliocene | USA (Virginia) | P. sp. (61293) | |
| Late/Upper Pliocene | Jamaica | P. acaris (58522 69090 69094) | |
| Late/Upper Pliocene | USA (North Carolina) | Glans tridentata (59307) P. auroraensis, P. decemcostata (58893 58894 58895) P. tridentata (68979 69018 79342 79343) | |
| Early/Lower Pleistocene | USA (South Carolina) | Cardita tridentata (60944) Venericardia tridentata (92408 92409) | |
| Early/Lower Pleistocene | Australia (South Australia) | P. subpecten (63379) | |
| Early/Lower Pleistocene | USA (North Carolina) | Cardita tridentata (60899) Glans tridentata (59316 59317) P. auroraensis, P. decemcostata (58897) P. decemcostata (58898) P. sp., P. tridentata (80033) P. tridentata (79339 79340 80034) | |
| Early/Lower Pleistocene | USA (Florida) | Cardita tridentata (41501 41718 79331 80357) P. tridentata (61309 69029 79787) Venericardia decemcostata (75008) | |
| Pleistocene | USA (New Jersey) | Venericardia tridentata (66622) | |
| Pleistocene | USA (South Carolina) | Cardita tridentata (150656) | |
| Calabrian | USA (Florida) | Cardita tridentata (41705) | |
| Middle Pleistocene | USA (Florida) | P. tridentata (61310) Venericardia tridentata (67069) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (North Carolina) | Venericardia tridentata (66742 66749 66750 66752) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (Virginia) | P. tridentata (57705 69049) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (Florida) | P. tridentata (61311 69034 69040 96538) Venericardia tridentata (34269) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene | USA (South Carolina) | Cardita tridentata (60927 60929) P. tridentata (69046) Venericardia tridentata (66756 66760) | |
| Late/Upper Pleistocene (interglacial) | USA (Georgia) | P. tridentata (20604 20606) |