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Podorhabdales

Coccolithophyceae - Podorhabdales

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1971Podorhabdales Rood et al.
1997Podorhabdales Bown and Young

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RankNameAuthor
—Life
—Eukaryota()
—Chromalveolata
phylumHaptophytaHibberd ex Cavalier-Smith 1986
RankNameAuthor
classCoccolithophyceae
orderPodorhabdalesRood et al. 1971
orderPodorhabdalesRood et al. 1971

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Or. †Podorhabdales Rood et al. 1971
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Fm. †Axopodorhabdaceae Bown and Young 1997
+
G. †Axopodorhabdus Wind and Wise 1977
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†Axopodorhabdus atavus Grün and Prins 1974
†Axopodorhabdus dietzmannii Reinhardt 1965
†Axopodorhabdus rahla Noël 1965
G. †Cleistorhabdus Black 1972
+
G. †Cribrocorona Perch-Nielsen 1973
+
†Cribrocorona echinus Bukry 1973
†Cribrocorona gallica Stradner 1963
G. †Cribrosphaerella Deflandre 1952
+
†Cribrosphaerella daniae Perch-Nielsen 1973
†Cribrosphaerella ehrenbergii Arkhangelsky 1912
Invalid names: Cribrosphaera Arkhangelsky 1912 [synonym]
G. †Dekapodorhabdus Medd 1979
+
G. Dodekapodorhabdus Perch-Nielsen 1968
+
†Dodekapodorhabdus noeliae Perch-Nielsen 1968
G. †Ethmorhabdus Noël 1965
+
†Ethmorhabdus anglicus Rood et al. 1971
†Ethmorhabdus cameratus Bukry 1969
†Ethmorhabdus crucifer Noël 1965
†Ethmorhabdus gallicus Noël 1965
†Ethmorhabdus hauterivianus Black et al. 1971
G. †Hemipodorhabdus Black 1971
+
†Hemipodorhabdus gorkae Reinhardt 1969
G. †Hexapodorhabdus Noël 1965
+
G. †Nephrolithus Górka 1957
+
†Nephrolithus corystus Wind 1983
†Nephrolithus frequens Górka 1957
†Nephrolithus miniporus Reinhardt and Górka 1967
G. †Octocyclus Black 1972
+
†Octocyclus magnus Black 1972
†Octocyclus reinhardtii Bukry 1969
G. †Octopodorhabdus Noël 1965
+
†Octopodorhabdus decussatus Manivit et al. 1961
G. †Perissocyclus Black 1971
+
†Perissocyclus noeliae Black 1971
†Perissocyclus plethotretus Wind and Cepek 1979
G. †Perrisocyclus Black 1971
G. †Podorhabdus Noël 1965
+
†Podorhabdus grassei Noël 1965
G. †Teichorhabdus Wind and Wise 1977
+
†Teichorhabdus ethmos Wind and Wise 1977
G. †Tetrapodorhabdus Black 1971
+
†Tetrapodorhabdus decorus Deflandre 1954
Fm. †Biscutaceae Black 1971
+
G. †Biscutum Black 1959
+
†Biscutum arrogans Perch-Nielsen 1974
†Biscutum boletum Wind and Wise 1977
†Biscutum constans Górka 1957
†Biscutum coronum Wind and Wise 1977
†Biscutum dekaenelii Covington 1994
†Biscutum depravatus Grün and Zweili 1980
†Biscutum dissimilis Wind and Wise 1977
†Biscutum dorsetensis Varol and Girgis 1994
†Biscutum dubium Noël 1965
†Biscutum ellipticum Górka 1957
†Biscutum erismatum Wind and Wise 1977
†Biscutum finchii Crux 1984
†Biscutum gaultensis Mutterlose 1992
†Biscutum grande Bown 1987
†Biscutum harrisonii Varol 1989
†Biscutum intermedium Bown 1987
†Biscutum magnum Wind and Wise 1977
†Biscutum melaniae Górka 1957
†Biscutum notaculum Wind and Wise 1977
†Biscutum novum Goy 1979
†Biscutum planum Bown 1987
†Biscutum thurowii Burnett 1998
†Biscutum virginica Bukry 1969
†Biscutum zulloi Covington 1994
Invalid names: Palaeopontosphaera Noël 1965 [synonym]
G. †Boletuvelum Wind and Wise 1977
+
†Boletuvelum candens Wind and Wise 1977
G. †Crucibiscutum Jakubowski 1986
+
†Crucibiscutum bosunensis Jeremiah 2001
†Crucibiscutum hayi Black 1973
†Crucibiscutum neuquenensis Bown and Concheyro 2004
†Crucibiscutum pinnatus Black 1971
†Crucibiscutum trilensis Bown and Concheyro 2004
G. †Discorhabdus Noël 1965
+
†Discorhabdus biradiatus Worsley 1971
†Discorhabdus criotus Bown 1987
†Discorhabdus ignotus Górka 1957
†Discorhabdus patulus Deflandre 1954
†Discorhabdus striatus Moshkovitz and Ehrlich 1976
Invalid names: Bidiscus Bukry 1969 [synonym]
G. †Gaarderella Black 1973
+
G. †Gephyrobiscutum Wise 1988
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G. †Seribiscutum Filewicz et al. 1977
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†Seribiscutum bijugum Filewicz et al. 1977
†Seribiscutum primitivum Thierstein et al. 1974
G. †Similiscutum de Kaenel and Bergen 1993
+
†Similiscutum avitum de Kaenel and Bergen 1993
†Similiscutum cruciulus de Kaenel and Bergen 1993
†Similiscutum orbiculus de Kaenel and Bergen 1993
†Similiscutum praecarium de Kaenel and Bergen 1993
G. †Sollasites Black 1967
+
†Sollasites arctus Noël 1973
†Sollasites arcuatus Black 1971
†Sollasites concentricus Rood et al. 1971
†Sollasites falklandensis Filewicz et al. 1977
†Sollasites horticus Stradner and Adamiker 1966
†Sollasites lowei Bukry et al. 1969
Invalid names: Costacentrum Bukry 1969 [synonym]
Fm. †Calyculaceae Noël 1973
+
G. †Calyculus Noël 1973
+
†Calyculus cribrum Noël 1973
†Calyculus noeliae Goy 1979
†Calyculus serrai Goy 1979
Invalid names: Catillus Goy 1979 [synonym], Proculithus Medd 1978 [synonym], Vikosphaera Goy 1979 [synonym]
G. †Carinolithus Prins 1974
+
†Carinolithus magharensis Moshkovitz and Ehrlich 1976
†Carinolithus superbus Deflandre 1954
Fm. †Cretarhabdaceae Thierstein 1973
+
G. †Cretarhabdus Bramlette and Martini 1964
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†Cretarhabdus conicus Bramlette and Martini 1964
†Cretarhabdus striatus Stradner 1963
G. †Cruciellipsis Thierstein 1971
+
†Cruciellipsis cuvillieri Manivit 1966
G. †Flabellites Thierstein 1973
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†Flabellites oblongus Bukry 1969
G. †Grantarhabdus Black 1971
+
†Grantarhabdus bukryi Black 1972
†Grantarhabdus coronadventis Reinhardt 1966
†Grantarhabdus meddii Black 1971
G. †Helenea Worsley 1971
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†Helenea chiastia Worsley 1971
†Helenea conus Worsley 1971
†Helenea quadrata Worsley 1971
†Helenea staurolithina Worsley 1971
Invalid names: Microstaurus Black 1971 [synonym]
G. †Miravetesina Grun 1975
+
†Miravetesina favula Grün 1975
G. †Pickelhaube Applegate et al. 1987
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†Pickelhaube furtiva Roth et al. 1983
G. †Polypodorhabdus Noël 1965
+
G. †Retecapsa Black 1971
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†Retecapsa brightonii Black 1971
†Retecapsa crenulata Bramlette and Martini 1964
†Retecapsa ficula Stover 1966
†Retecapsa incompta Bown 1987
†Retecapsa octofenestrata Bralower 1989
†Retecapsa radiata Worsley 1971
†Retecapsa schizobrachiata Gartner 1968
†Retecapsa surirella Deflandre and Fert 1954
G. †Speetonia Black 1971
+
†Speetonia colligata Black 1971
Fm. †Mazaganellaceae Bown 1987
+
G. †Mazaganella Bown 1987
+
†Mazaganella protensa Bown 1987
†Mazaganella pulla Bown 1987
G. †Triscutum Dockerill 1987
+
†Triscutum beaminsterensis Dockerill 1987
†Triscutum expansus Medd 1979
†Triscutum sullivanii de Kaenel and Bergen 1993
†Triscutum tiziense de Kaenel and Bergen 1993
Fm. †Prediscosphaeraceae Rood et al. 1971
+
G. †Petrarhabdus Wind and Wise 1983
+
†Petrarhabdus copulatus Deflandre 1959
†Petrarhabdus vietus Burnett 1998
G. †Prediscosphaera Rood et al. 1971
+
†Prediscosphaera bukryi Perch-Nielsen 1973
†Prediscosphaera cretacea Arkhangelsky 1912
†Prediscosphaera grandis Perch-Nielsen 1979
†Prediscosphaera honjoi Bukry 1969
†Prediscosphaera majungae Perch-Nielsen 1973
†Prediscosphaera microrhabdulina Perch-Nielsen 1973
†Prediscosphaera rhombica Perch-Nielsen 1968
†Prediscosphaera spinosa Bramlette and Martini 1964
†Prediscosphaera stoveri Perch-Nielsen 1968
Invalid names: Deflandrius Bramlette and Martini 1964 [synonym]
Fm. †Tubodiscaceae Bown and Rutledge 1997
+
G. †Manivitella Thierstein 1971
+
†Manivitella pemmatoidea Deflandre 1965
G. †Tubodiscus Thierstein 1973
+
†Tubodiscus bellii Bown 2005
†Tubodiscus frankiae Bown 2005
†Tubodiscus jurapelagicus Worsley 1971
†Tubodiscus verenae Thierstein 1973
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: low Mg calcitep
Environment: oceanic, oligotrophic, marine, brackishp
Locomotion: passively mobilep
Life habit: planktonicp
Depth habitat: surfacep
Diet: "photoautotroph"p
Created: 2006-10-31 06:24:05
Modified: 2006-10-31 08:24:05
Source: p = phylum
Reference: Kiessling 2003

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Pliensbachian to the top of the Rupelian or 190.80000 to 28.10000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 183.0 Ma

Collections (254 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Late/Upper Sinemurian - Late/Upper Pliensbachian196.5 - 183.0Morocco Calyculus sp. (205769) Calyculus sp., Similiscutum cruciulus (205771) Calyculus sp., Similiscutum finchii (205779) Similiscutum cruciulus (205772) Similiscutum finchii, Similiscutum cruciulus (205774) Similiscutum novum, Similiscutum finchii (205778)
Pliensbachian190.8 - 182.7Spain (Jaén) Calyculus recondita, Similiscutum finchii, Similiscutum novum, Biscutum depravatum, Similiscutum cruciulus, Biscutum grande (201756) Calyculus sp, Similiscutum finchii, Similiscutum novum, Similiscutum precarium, Similiscutum cruciulus, Biscutum grande, Biscutum dubium (201752 201753 201758) Similiscutum finchii, Similiscutum novum, Similiscutum precarium, Biscutum depravatum, Similiscutum cruciulus, Biscutum grande, Biscutum dubium (201755) Similiscutum finchii, Similiscutum novum, Similiscutum precarium, Similiscutum cruciulus, Biscutum grande (201754) Similiscutum finchii, Similiscutum novum, Similiscutum precarium, Similiscutum cruciulus, Biscutum grande, Biscutum dubium (201759)
Early/Lower Toarcian183.0 - 182.0Spain (Granada) Similiscutum sp. 1, Carinolithus superbus, Discorhabdus striatus, Biscutum intermedium (199494)
Toarcian182.7 - 174.1Spain (Murcia) Carinolithus poulnabronei, Carinolithus superbus, Discorhabdus striatus, Discorhabdus criotus, Biscutum intermedium (201772) Carinolithus poulnabronei, Carinolithus superbus, Discorhabdus striatus, Discorhabdus ignotus, Discorhabdus criotus, Biscutum dubium (201780) Carinolithus poulnabronei, Carinolithus superbus, Discorhabdus striatus, Discorhabdus ignotus, Discorhabdus criotus, Biscutum intermedium, Biscutum dubium (201777) Carinolithus poulnabronei, Similiscutum novum, Carinolithus superbus, Discorhabdus striatus, Discorhabdus criotus (201782) Carinolithus poulnabronei, Similiscutum novum, Carinolithus superbus, Discorhabdus striatus, Discorhabdus criotus, Biscutum intermedium, Biscutum dubium (201783) Carinolithus poulnabronei, Similiscutum novum, Carinolithus superbus, Discorhabdus striatus, Discorhabdus ignotus, Discorhabdus criotus (201776) Carinolithus poulnabronei, Similiscutum novum, Carinolithus superbus, Discorhabdus striatus, Discorhabdus ignotus, Discorhabdus criotus, Biscutum intermedium (201790) Carinolithus poulnabronei, Similiscutum novum, Carinolithus superbus, Discorhabdus striatus, Discorhabdus ignotus, Discorhabdus criotus, Biscutum intermedium, Biscutum dubium (201779 201781 201794) Carinolithus poulnabronei, Similiscutum novum, Discorhabdus cf. D. criotus, Carinolithus superbus, Discorhabdus striatus, Discorhabdus ignotus, Discorhabdus criotus, Biscutum intermedium, Biscutum dubium (201775 201791 201793) Carinolithus poulnabronei, Similiscutum novum, Discorhabdus cf. D. criotus, Triscutum sullivanii, Carinolithus superbus, Discorhabdus striatus, Discorhabdus ignotus, Discorhabdus criotus, Biscutum intermedium, Biscutum dubium (201789) Carinolithus poulnabronei, Triscutum sullivanii, Carinolithus superbus, Discorhabdus striatus, Discorhabdus ignotus, Discorhabdus criotus, Biscutum intermedium, Biscutum dubium (201773) Carinolithus superbus, Discorhabdus striatus (201774 201792) Carinolithus superbus, Discorhabdus striatus, Biscutum intermedium (201787) Carinolithus superbus, Discorhabdus striatus, Discorhabdus ignotus, Discorhabdus criotus, Biscutum intermedium, Biscutum dubium (201771 201788) Discorhabdus striatus (201778) Similiscutum novum, Carinolithus superbus, Discorhabdus striatus, Discorhabdus criotus, Biscutum dubium (201768) Similiscutum novum, Carinolithus superbus, Discorhabdus striatus, Discorhabdus criotus, Biscutum intermedium, Biscutum dubium (201764 201765 201766 201769) Similiscutum novum, Triscutum sullivanii, Carinolithus superbus, Discorhabdus striatus, Discorhabdus criotus, Biscutum intermedium, Biscutum dubium (201770)
Toarcian182.7 - 174.1Spain (Jaén) Calyculus depressa, Calyculus recondita, Calyculus sp, Similiscutum finchii, Similiscutum novum, Similiscutum precarium, Biscutum depravatum, Similiscutum cruciulus, Biscutum grande, Biscutum dubium (201678) Calyculus depressa, Calyculus recondita, Calyculus sp, Similiscutum finchii, Similiscutum novum, Similiscutum precarium, Similiscutum cruciulus, Biscutum grande (201667) Calyculus depressa, Calyculus recondita, Calyculus sp, Similiscutum finchii, Similiscutum novum, Similiscutum precarium, Similiscutum cruciulus, Biscutum grande, Biscutum dubium (201671) Calyculus recondita, Calyculus sp, Similiscutum finchii, Similiscutum novum, Biscutum depravatum, Similiscutum cruciulus, Biscutum grande, Biscutum dubium, Axopodorhabdus atavus (201750) Calyculus recondita, Calyculus sp, Similiscutum finchii, Similiscutum novum, Similiscutum cruciulus, Biscutum grande, Biscutum dubium, Axopodorhabdus atavus (201670 201677) Calyculus recondita, Calyculus sp, Similiscutum finchii, Similiscutum novum, Similiscutum precarium, Similiscutum cruciulus, Biscutum grande, Axopodorhabdus atavus (201672 201685) Calyculus recondita, Calyculus sp, Similiscutum finchii, Similiscutum novum, Similiscutum precarium, Similiscutum cruciulus, Biscutum grande, Biscutum dubium (201675) Calyculus recondita, Similiscutum finchii, Similiscutum novum, Similiscutum precarium, Biscutum depravatum, Similiscutum cruciulus, Biscutum grande (201673) Calyculus sp, Similiscutum finchii, Similiscutum novum, Similiscutum cruciulus, Biscutum grande, Biscutum dubium, Axopodorhabdus atavus (201674) Calyculus sp, Similiscutum finchii, Similiscutum novum, Similiscutum precarium, Biscutum depravatum, Similiscutum cruciulus, Biscutum grande, Biscutum dubium, Axopodorhabdus atavus (201676) Carinolithus poulnabronei, Calyculus depressa, Calyculus recondita, Calyculus sp, Similiscutum finchii, Similiscutum novum, Similiscutum cruciulus, Biscutum grande, Biscutum dubium (201665 201666) Carinolithus poulnabronei, Calyculus recondita, Calyculus sp, Similiscutum finchii, Similiscutum novum, Biscutum depravatum, Similiscutum cruciulus, Biscutum grande, Biscutum dubium, Axopodorhabdus atavus (201668) Carinolithus poulnabronei, Calyculus recondita, Calyculus sp, Similiscutum finchii, Similiscutum novum, Similiscutum precarium, Similiscutum cruciulus, Biscutum grande, Biscutum dubium (201669) Similiscutum finchii, Similiscutum novum, Similiscutum precarium, Similiscutum cruciulus, Biscutum grande, Biscutum dubium (201751)
Levesquei182.0 - 175.6Germany Carinolithus crassus, Triscutum tiziense, Triscutum sullivanii, Retecapsa incompta, Carinolithus superbus, Discorhabdus criotus (59430) Retecapsa incompta, Discorhabdus criotus (59431) Triscutum sullivanii, Retecapsa incompta, Carinolithus superbus (59434)
Middle Toarcian182.0 - 175.6Spain (Murcia) Carinolithus cantaluppii, Carinolithus poulnabronei, Carinolithus superbus, Discorhabdus striatus (201805) Carinolithus cantaluppii, Carinolithus poulnabronei, Carinolithus superbus, Discorhabdus striatus, Biscutum dubium (201807) Carinolithus cantaluppii, Carinolithus poulnabronei, Discorhabdus cf. D. criotus, Carinolithus superbus, Calyculus noeliae, Discorhabdus striatus, Biscutum dubium (201804) Carinolithus cantaluppii, Carinolithus poulnabronei, Discorhabdus cf. D. criotus, Carinolithus superbus, Calyculus noeliae, Discorhabdus striatus, Discorhabdus ignotus, Biscutum dubium (201809) Carinolithus cantaluppii, Carinolithus poulnabronei, Discorhabdus cf. D. criotus, Carinolithus superbus, Discorhabdus striatus, Discorhabdus criotus, Biscutum dubium (201796) Carinolithus cantaluppii, Carinolithus poulnabronei, Discorhabdus cf. D. criotus, Carinolithus superbus, Discorhabdus striatus, Discorhabdus ignotus, Biscutum dubium (201812) Carinolithus cantaluppii, Carinolithus poulnabronei, Similiscutum novum, Carinolithus superbus, Calyculus noeliae, Discorhabdus striatus, Discorhabdus ignotus (201813) Carinolithus cantaluppii, Carinolithus poulnabronei, Similiscutum novum, Carinolithus superbus, Calyculus noeliae, Discorhabdus striatus, Discorhabdus ignotus, Biscutum dubium (201808) Carinolithus cantaluppii, Carinolithus poulnabronei, Similiscutum novum, Carinolithus superbus, Discorhabdus striatus, Discorhabdus ignotus, Biscutum dubium (201802) Carinolithus cantaluppii, Carinolithus poulnabronei, Similiscutum novum, Discorhabdus cf. D. criotus, Carinolithus superbus, Biscutum dubium (201810) Carinolithus cantaluppii, Carinolithus poulnabronei, Similiscutum novum, Discorhabdus cf. D. criotus, Carinolithus superbus, Discorhabdus striatus (201811) Carinolithus cantaluppii, Carinolithus poulnabronei, Similiscutum novum, Discorhabdus cf. D. criotus, Carinolithus superbus, Discorhabdus striatus, Biscutum dubium (201801 201803) Carinolithus cantaluppii, Carinolithus poulnabronei, Similiscutum novum, Discorhabdus cf. D. criotus, Carinolithus superbus, Discorhabdus striatus, Discorhabdus ignotus, Biscutum dubium (201799 201800) Carinolithus cantaluppii, Carinolithus poulnabronei, Similiscutum novum, Discorhabdus cf. D. criotus, Carinolithus superbus, Discorhabdus striatus, Discorhabdus ignotus, Discorhabdus criotus, Biscutum dubium (201798) Carinolithus cantaluppii, Carinolithus superbus, Discorhabdus striatus (201806) Carinolithus poulnabronei, Discorhabdus cf. D. criotus, Carinolithus superbus, Discorhabdus striatus, Discorhabdus criotus (201795) Carinolithus poulnabronei, Similiscutum novum, Discorhabdus cf. D. criotus, Carinolithus superbus, Discorhabdus striatus, Discorhabdus ignotus, Biscutum dubium (201797)
Late/Upper Toarcian180.1 - 175.6Germany Proculithus charlottei, Palaeopontosphaera dubia, Catillus hommerilii, Triscutum beaminsterensene, Carinolithus sceptrum, Calyculus noelae, Discorhabdus novus, Biscutum criotum, Biscutum sp. 2, Biscutum sp. 4, Biscutum striatum, Triscutum sullivanii, Carinolithus superbus, Calyculus cribrum, Biscutum intermedium, Axopodorhabdus depravatus, Ethmorhabdus crucifer, Axopodorhabdus cylindratus, Axopodorhabdus atavus (59453) Proculithus fistulatus, Palaeopontosphaera dubia, Catillus hommerilii, Calyculus sp. 1, Calyculus sp. 2, Calyculus noelae, Discorhabdus novus, Biscutum striatum, Carinolithus superbus, Calyculus cribrum, Biscutum intermedium, Axopodorhabdus cylindratus, Axopodorhabdus atavus (59451) Proculithus fistulatus, Proculithus charlottei, Palaeopontosphaera sp. 1, Palaeopontosphaera dubia, Triscutum pricatillus, Carinolithus sp. 1, Carinolithus sceptrum, Calyculus sp. 2, Discorhabdus novus, Biscutum criotum, Biscutum striatum, Carinolithus superbus, Biscutum intermedium, Axopodorhabdus depravatus, Axopodorhabdus cylindratus, Axopodorhabdus atavus (59449) Retecapsa incompta, Carinolithus superbus, Discorhabdus striatus (59454)
Late/Upper Toarcian180.1 - 175.6Spain (Granada) Biscutum depravatum, Carinolithus superbus, Discorhabdus striatus, Discorhabdus ignotus, Discorhabdus criotus (201880) Carinolithus cantaluppii, Carinolithus poulnabronei, Carinolithus superbus, Discorhabdus striatus (202115) Carinolithus cantaluppii, Carinolithus poulnabronei, Discorhabdus striatus (202110 202112 202114) Carinolithus cantaluppii, Carinolithus poulnabronei, Similiscutum novum, Carinolithus superbus, Discorhabdus striatus (202116) Carinolithus cantaluppii, Carinolithus poulnabronei, Similiscutum novum, Discorhabdus striatus, Discorhabdus criotus (202105) Carinolithus cantaluppii, Similiscutum novum, Discorhabdus striatus (202108) Carinolithus poulnabronei, Biscutum depravatum, Carinolithus superbus, Discorhabdus striatus, Discorhabdus ignotus, Discorhabdus criotus, Biscutum intermedium (199166) Carinolithus poulnabronei, Calyculus sp, Similiscutum novum, Carinolithus superbus, Discorhabdus striatus, Discorhabdus ignotus, Discorhabdus criotus, Biscutum intermedium (199488) Carinolithus poulnabronei, Calyculus sp, Similiscutum novum, Similiscutum sp. 1, Discorhabdus sp. cf. D. criotus, Carinolithus superbus, Discorhabdus striatus, Discorhabdus criotus, Biscutum intermedium (202097) Carinolithus poulnabronei, Carinolithus superbus, Discorhabdus striatus (199487 199496 202098 202103 202111) Carinolithus poulnabronei, Carinolithus superbus, Discorhabdus striatus, Biscutum dubium (199231) Carinolithus poulnabronei, Carinolithus superbus, Discorhabdus striatus, Discorhabdus criotus (202099) Carinolithus poulnabronei, Carinolithus superbus, Discorhabdus striatus, Discorhabdus criotus, Biscutum intermedium (199235) Carinolithus poulnabronei, Carinolithus superbus, Discorhabdus striatus, Discorhabdus ignotus, Discorhabdus criotus, Biscutum intermedium (199187 199493) Carinolithus poulnabronei, Similiscutum novum, Carinolithus superbus, Discorhabdus striatus (199173) Carinolithus poulnabronei, Similiscutum novum, Carinolithus superbus, Discorhabdus striatus, Biscutum intermedium, Biscutum dubium (199198) Carinolithus poulnabronei, Similiscutum novum, Carinolithus superbus, Discorhabdus striatus, Discorhabdus ignotus, Discorhabdus criotus, Biscutum intermedium, Biscutum dubium (199229 199253) Carinolithus poulnabronei, Similiscutum novum, Discorhabdus sp. cf. D. criotus, Discorhabdus striatus (202102) Carinolithus poulnabronei, Similiscutum novum, Discorhabdus striatus, Discorhabdus ignotus (199248) Carinolithus poulnabronei, Similiscutum novum, Similiscutum sp. 1, Biscutum depravatum, Carinolithus superbus, Discorhabdus striatus, Discorhabdus criotus, Biscutum intermedium, Biscutum dubium (199247) Carinolithus poulnabronei, Similiscutum novum, Similiscutum sp. 1, Biscutum depravatum, Carinolithus superbus, Discorhabdus striatus, Discorhabdus ignotus, Biscutum intermedium (199181) Carinolithus poulnabronei, Similiscutum novum, Similiscutum sp. 1, Biscutum depravatum, Carinolithus superbus, Discorhabdus striatus, Discorhabdus ignotus, Discorhabdus criotus, Biscutum dubium (199172) Carinolithus poulnabronei, Similiscutum novum, Similiscutum sp. 1, Carinolithus superbus, Discorhabdus striatus (202100 202107 202109) Carinolithus poulnabronei, Similiscutum novum, Similiscutum sp. 1, Carinolithus superbus, Discorhabdus striatus, Discorhabdus criotus, Biscutum intermedium (199177) Carinolithus poulnabronei, Similiscutum novum, Similiscutum sp. 1, Carinolithus superbus, Discorhabdus striatus, Discorhabdus ignotus, Discorhabdus criotus, Biscutum intermedium, Biscutum dubium (199195) Carinolithus poulnabronei, Similiscutum novum, Similiscutum sp. 1, Discorhabdus sp. cf. D. criotus, Carinolithus superbus, Discorhabdus striatus, Discorhabdus criotus, Biscutum dubium (202101) Carinolithus poulnabronei, Similiscutum novum, Similiscutum sp. 1, Discorhabdus striatus, Discorhabdus criotus (202117) Carinolithus poulnabronei, Similiscutum novum, Similiscutum sp. 1, Triscutum sullivanii, Carinolithus superbus, Discorhabdus striatus, Discorhabdus criotus, Biscutum intermedium (199495) Carinolithus poulnabronei, Similiscutum sp. 1, Carinolithus superbus, Discorhabdus striatus, Discorhabdus ignotus (199492) Carinolithus poulnabronei, Similiscutum sp. 1, Discorhabdus sp. cf. D. criotus, Carinolithus superbus, Discorhabdus striatus, Discorhabdus ignotus, Discorhabdus criotus, Biscutum intermedium, Biscutum dubium (199490) Discorhabdus striatus (202106) Similiscutum novum, Biscutum depravatum, Carinolithus superbus, Discorhabdus striatus, Discorhabdus ignotus, Discorhabdus criotus (199167) Similiscutum novum, Biscutum depravatum, Carinolithus superbus, Discorhabdus striatus, Discorhabdus ignotus, Discorhabdus criotus, Biscutum intermedium, Biscutum dubium (199168 199169 201948) Similiscutum novum, Biscutum depravatum, Triscutum sullivanii, Carinolithus superbus, Discorhabdus striatus, Discorhabdus ignotus, Discorhabdus criotus, Biscutum intermedium, Biscutum dubium (199165) Similiscutum novum, Carinolithus superbus, Discorhabdus striatus, Discorhabdus ignotus, Discorhabdus criotus, Biscutum dubium (199491) Similiscutum novum, Discorhabdus striatus (202104) Similiscutum novum, Similiscutum sp. 1, Biscutum depravatum, Carinolithus superbus, Discorhabdus striatus, Discorhabdus ignotus, Discorhabdus criotus, Biscutum intermedium, Biscutum dubium (199164) Similiscutum novum, Triscutum sullivanii, Carinolithus superbus, Discorhabdus striatus, Discorhabdus ignotus, Discorhabdus criotus, Biscutum dubium (199171)
Early/Lower Aalenian175.6 - 171.6Germany Calyculus sp. (59458) Calyculus sp., Retecapsa incompta, Carinolithus superbus, Discorhabdus striatus (59457)
Bathonian168.3 - 166.1Saudi Arabia Hexalithus magharensis (45464)
Callovian166.1 - 163.5Saudi Arabia Discorhabdus sp., Ethmorhabdus gallicus (45541) Polypodorhabdus escaigii, Ethmorhabdus anglicus (47890)
Oxfordian163.5 - 157.3Saudi Arabia Biscutum sp., Ethmorhabdus sp. (45896)
Middle Oxfordian161.2 - 155.7Switzerland Discorhabdus patulus, Hexapodorhabdus cuvillieri, Ethmorhabdus gallicus, Axopodorhabdus cylindratus (58568)
Late/Upper Kimmeridgian155.7 - 150.8Germany (Baden-Württemberg) Axopodorhabdus dietzmannii (154138)
Early/Lower Tithonian150.8 - 145.0France (Midi-Pyrenees) Biscutum sp. (94549)
Berriasian145.0 - 139.8Spain Speetonia colligata (64960 65315 65316 65317 65319) Tubodiscus jurapelagicus (64957 64973 64975 64976 64977 64978 64980 64986 65311 65312 65314) Tubodiscus jurapelagicus, Speetonia colligata (65004 65291 65294) Tubodiscus verenae (64968 64982 65290) Tubodiscus verenae, Speetonia colligata (64988 65321) Tubodiscus verenae, Tubodiscus jurapelagicus (64966 64967 64985 64999) Tubodiscus verenae, Tubodiscus jurapelagicus, Speetonia colligata (64972)
Cretaceous145.0 - 66.0Argentina (Buenos Aires) Prediscosphaera stoveri, Prediscosphaera cretacea, Biscutum magnum, Biscutum ellipticum, Nephrolithus frequens, Cribrosphaerella daniae (236900)
Valanginian139.8 - 132.9Spain Speetonia colligata (65324) Tubodiscus jurapelagicus, Speetonia colligata (65329) Tubodiscus verenae (65012 65013 65014 65328 65330) Tubodiscus verenae, Speetonia colligata (65015 65016 65326) Tubodiscus verenae, Tubodiscus jurapelagicus, Speetonia colligata (65332)
Early/Lower Hauterivian136.4 - 130.0Germany Tubodiscus sp., Retecapsa sp., Cretarhabdus sp., Sollasites sp., Discorhabdus rotatorius, Biscutum sp., Axopodorhabdus sp., Manivitella pemmatoidea, Speetonia colligata, Retecapsa surirella, Retecapsa crenulata, Retecapsa angustiforata, Helenea chiastia, Grantarhabdus meddii, Cretarhabdus striatus, Cretarhabdus conicus, Sollasites horticus, Crucibiscutum salebrosum, Biscutum constans, Tetrapodorhabdus coptensis, Ethmorhabdus hauterivianus, Axopodorhabdus dietzmannii (50181)
Hauterivian - Barremian132.9 - 125.0Slovakia Cretarhabdus crenulatus, Manivitella pemmatoidea, Cretarhabdus conicus (2061) Podorhabdus sp., Discorhabdus ignotus (2060)
Barremian129.4 - 125.0Spain (Granada) Crucibiscutum salebrosum (50373 50374) Crucibiscutum salebrosum, Crucibiscutum hayi (50372) Flabellites oblongus (50381 50382 50383 50387 50388 50391) Flabellites oblongus, Crucibiscutum hayi (50375 50378 50379 50380 50384 50385 50386 50389 50390) Flabellites oblongus, Crucibiscutum salebrosum (50377) Flabellites oblongus, Crucibiscutum salebrosum, Crucibiscutum hayi (50376)
Aptian125.0 - 113.0Spain (Granada) Flabellites oblongus (50392 50395 50396 50399) Flabellites oblongus, Crucibiscutum hayi (50393 50394 50398)
Late/Upper Cretaceous100.5 - 66.0USA (Texas) Nephrolithus frequens (211326 225659 225660 225661 225662 225663 225668)
Middle Cenomanian - Late/Upper Cenomanian99.6 - 93.5Canada (Alberta) Cretarhabdus crenulatus (71255) Cribrosphaerella ehrenbergi, Cretarhabdus conicus, Biscutum constans (71256)
Late/Upper Cenomanian - Late/Upper Turonian99.6 - 89.3Tanzania (Lindi) Helenea chiastia (179874)
Middle Cenomanian - Early/Lower Turonian99.6 - 89.3Tanzania (Lindi) Helenea chiastia (179885)
Early/Lower Turonian - Middle Turonian93.5 - 89.3Tanzania (Lindi) Helenea chiastia (179882)
Early/Lower Turonian - Middle Turonian93.5 - 89.3Canada (Alberta) Biscutum constans (71253) Cretarhabdus crenulatus, Biscutum constans (71250 71252) Cretarhabdus crenulatus, Cribrosphaerella ehrenbergi, Biscutum constans (71353)
Middle Turonian93.5 - 89.3Austria (Salzkammergut) Cretarhabdus conicus, Prediscosphaera spinosa, Prediscosphaera cretacea, Prediscosphaera columnata, Cribrosphaerella ehrenbergii (142308)
Campanian83.6 - 72.1Argentina (Buenos Aires) Prediscosphaera stoveri, Prediscosphaera cretacea, Seribiscutum primitivum, Biscutum melaniae, Biscutum magnum, Nephrolithus frequens, Cribrosphaerella ehrenbergii (236901)
Early/Lower Campanian - Late/Upper Campanian83.5 - 70.6Croatia (Zagreb) Cretarhabdus angustiforatus, Cribrosphaerella ehrenbergi (161177)
Late/Upper Campanian83.5 - 70.6France (Aquitaine-Limousin-Poitou-Charentes) Cribrosphaerella ehrenbergi, Manivitella pemmatoidea, Retecapsa surirella, Cretarhabdus conicus, Prediscosphaera cretacea (178473)
Late/Upper Campanian83.5 - 70.6Romania Retecapsa crenulata, Prediscosphaera stoveri, Prediscosphaera cretacea, Cribrosphaerella ehrenbergii (155181)
Late/Upper Campanian83.5 - 70.6Belgium Prediscosphaera spinosa, Prediscosphaera cretacea, Discorhabdus ignotus (118459)
Middle Campanian83.5 - 70.6Israel (Southern District) Retecapsa sp., Prediscosphaera sp. (220176)
Late/Upper Campanian - Early/Lower Paleocene83.5 - 61.7Turkey (Aydin) Prediscosphaera cretacea (162810)
Late/Upper Campanian - Late/Upper Paleocene83.5 - 55.8Turkey (Aydin) Prediscosphaera cretacea (162808)
Maastrichtian72.1 - 66.0Argentina (Buenos Aires) Cretarhabdus sp., Retecapsa crenulata, Prediscosphaera stoveri, Prediscosphaera cretacea, Nephrolithus frequens, Cribrosphaerella daniae (236899)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian70.6 - 66.0Argentina (Neuquén) Cretarhabdus crenulatus, Cribrosphaerella ehrenbergii (232661) Prediscosphaera stoveri, Cribrosphaerella ehrenbergii (232654) Prediscosphaera stoveri, Nephrolithus frequens, Cribrosphaerella ehrenbergii (232657) Prediscosphaera stoveri, Prediscosphaera cretacea, Nephrolithus frequens, Cribrosphaerella ehrenbergii (232660)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian70.6 - 66.0Argentina (Chubut) Cribrosphaera circula, Cribrosphaerella daniae (231295)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian70.6 - 66.0Argentina (Santa Cruz) Cribrosphaerella ehrenbergi, Cretarhabdus conicus, Prediscosphaera stoveri, Prediscosphaera spinosa, Nephrolithus frequens (232049) Cribrosphaerella ehrenbergi, Retecapsa crenulata, Cretarhabdus conicus, Prediscosphaera stoveri, Prediscosphaera spinosa, Prediscosphaera microrhabdulina, Prediscosphaera cretacea, Biscutum coronum, Nephrolithus frequens (232048) Cribrosphaerella ehrenbergi, Retecapsa crenulata, Prediscosphaera stoveri, Prediscosphaera spinosa, Biscutum melaniae, Nephrolithus frequens (232047)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian70.6 - 66.0USA (Mississippi) Nephrolithus frequens (205798)
Danian66.0 - 61.6Argentina (Chubut) Biscutum melaniae (236766 236767) Biscutum sp., Nephrolithus frequens (172887)
Selandian61.6 - 59.2Tanzania (Lindi) Retecapsa spp. (179310)
Rupelian33.9 - 28.1Germany (Baden-Württemberg) Biscutum constans (68021)