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Gyronema
Taxonomy
Gyronema was named by Ulrich and Scofield (1897) [Sepkoski's age data: O Cara-l O Cara-m Sepkoski's reference number: 362
NOTE: For one species, Ulrich and Scofield wrote Gyronema as a subgenus of Cyclonema. However, this was the old convention of using X (?Y) to denote that a species probably belonged to X but might belong to Y. ]. Its type is Gyronema pulchellum.
It was reranked as Trochonema (Gyronema) by Perner (1907); it was reranked as Cyclonema (Gyronema) by Bassler (1932).
It was assigned to Trochonema by Perner (1907); to Cyclonema by Bassler (1932); to Archaeogastropoda by Sepkoski (2002); to Lophospiridae by Wagner (1999), Bouchet et al. (2005); and to Gyronematinae by Knight et al. (1960), Wagner (2023).
It was reranked as Trochonema (Gyronema) by Perner (1907); it was reranked as Cyclonema (Gyronema) by Bassler (1932).
It was assigned to Trochonema by Perner (1907); to Cyclonema by Bassler (1932); to Archaeogastropoda by Sepkoski (2002); to Lophospiridae by Wagner (1999), Bouchet et al. (2005); and to Gyronematinae by Knight et al. (1960), Wagner (2023).
Species
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1897 | Gyronema Ulrich and Scofield p. 1053 |
| 1907 | Trochonema (Gyronema) Perner |
| 1932 | Cyclonema (Gyronema) Bassler |
| 1960 | Gyronema Knight et al. p. 239 |
| 1999 | Gyronema Wagner |
| 2002 | Gyronema Sepkoski |
| 2005 | Gyronema Bouchet et al. p. 84 |
| 2023 | Gyronema Wagner p. G320 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
G. †Gyronema Ulrich and Scofield 1897
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†Gyronema altispiralis Grabau 1922
†Gyronema pulchellum Ulrich and Scofield 1897
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Invalid names: Gyronema liratum Ulrich and Scofield 1897 [replaced]
†Gyronema rotalineum Raymond 1906
†Gyronema semicarinatum Salter 1859
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Invalid names: Gyronema duplicata Ulrich and Scofield 1897 [synonym]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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| Source: g = genus, o = order | |||||
| References: Bambach et al. 2007, Hendy 2009 | |||||
Collections (44 total)
| Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Costonian | USA (Oklahoma) | G. sp. (13815) | |
| Late/Upper Ordovician | Canada (Nunavut) | G. sp. (101981) | |
| Turinian | USA (Illinois) | G. duplicatum (88007) | |
| Mohawkian | USA (Minnesota) | G. semicarinatum (167563) | |
| Blackriveran | USA (Wisconsin) | G. duplicatum, G. liratum (154948) | |
| Blackriveran | USA (Minnesota) | G. duplicatum, Trochonema lirata (23555 23556) | |
| Blackriveran | Canada (Quebec) | G. semicarinatum (63816) | |
| Blackriveran | USA (Illinois, Iowa) | G. duplicatum, Trochonema lirata (23613 23614 23615) | |
| Blackriveran - Rocklandian | USA (Minnesota) | G. pulchellum, G. semicarinatum, Trochonema lirata (23557) | |
| Blackriveran - Rocklandian | USA (Illinois, Iowa) | G. pulchellum, G. semicarinatum (23621) | |
| Kirkfieldian | USA (Illinois, Iowa) | G. pulchellum, G. semicarinatum (23623 23644) | |
| Rocklandian | Canada (Quebec) | G. semicarinatum (154703) | |
| Rocklandian | USA (Minnesota) | G. pulchellum (154411) | |
| Rocklandian - Kirkfieldian | USA (Minnesota) | G. pulchellum, G. semicarinatum (23558) | |
| Rocklandian - Kirkfieldian | USA (Illinois, Iowa) | G. pulchellum, G. semicarinatum (23622) | |
| Shermanian | USA (Illinois, Iowa) | G. pulchellum, G. semicarinatum (23651 23653) G. sp. (23659 23664 23667 23668 23670) G. sp., G. pulchellum, G. semicarinatum (23656) | |
| Shermanian | USA (Minnesota) | G. sp. (23584) G. sp., G. pulchellum, G. semicarinatum (23579) | |
| Katian | USA (Kentucky) | G. pulchellum (100539 100858 100859) | |
| Edenian | USA (Illinois, Iowa) | G. sp. (23678) | |
| Edenian | USA (Minnesota) | G. sp. (23588) | |
| Richmondian | USA (Alaska) | G. sp. (49341) | |
| Rawtheyan | United Kingdom (Wales) | G. sp. (8327 8328 192503) | |
| Porkuni | Sweden (Dalarne) | G. n. sp. (153091) | |
| Juuru | Estonia | G. sp. (172929) | |
| Telychian | China (Guizhou) | G. sp. (56659) | |
| Gorstian | Czechia (Středočeský (Central Bohemian Region)) | G. sp. (106004) | |
| Ludlow | Canada (Northwest Territories) | G. sp. (534) | |
| Gzhelian | China (Shanxi) | G. altispiralis (156149) |