PBDB Taxon

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Scapanorhynchus

Chondrichthyes - Lamniformes - Mitsukurinidae

Taxonomy

Scapanorhynchus was named by Woodward (1889) [Sepkoski's age data: K Apti K Maes Sepkoski's reference number: 884]. It is not extant.

It was assigned to Lamnidae by Chapman (1918); to Selachii by Arambourg and Joleaud (1943); to Scapanorhynchidae by Uyeno (1972), Herman (1977); to Odontaspidae by Thurmond and Jones (1981); to Lamniformes by Sepkoski (2002); and to Mitsukurinidae by Jordan (1963), Cappetta and Case (1975), Itoigawa (1977), Case (1979), Case and Schwimmer (1988), Case (1991), Müller and Diedrich (1991), Siverson (1992), Biddle (1993), Shimada (1996), Underwood and Mitchell (1999), Cappetta and Case (1999), Zalmout and Mustafa (2001), Cicimurri (2003), Niedźwiedzki and Kalina (2003), Cuny et al. (2004), Shimada (2006), Cahuzac et al. (2007), Bourdon et al. (2011), Guinot et al. (2013), Cicimurri et al. (2014), Bice and Shimada (2016), Amalfitano et al. (2020), Maisch et al. (2021).

Species

S. armenicus, S. darvasicus, S. lewisii (syn. S. elongatus), S. minimus, S. perssoni, S. praeraphiodon, S. puercoensis, S. rapax (syn. Otodus smilodon), S. rhaphiodon (syn. Lamna hectori, Lamna striatella, Lamna plicatella, Lamna striola), S. subulatus (syn. Lamna carinata, Odontaspis kaikoraensis), S. temiricus, S. tenuis, S. texanus (syn. Odontaspis malletiana), S. trigeri

Species lacking formal opinion data

S. maslinensis, S. praeraphidion, S. rhapiodon

Synonyms

Microdontaspis was named by Case et al. (2001).

It was synonymized subjectively with Scapanorhynchus by Bourdon et al. (2011).

It was assigned to Orectolobidae by Case et al. (2001).

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1889	Scapanorhynchus Woodward p. 351
1918	Scapanorhynchus Chapman p. 8
1943	Scapanorhynchus Arambourg and Joleaud p. 59
1963	Scapanorhynchus Jordan p. 599
1972	Scapanorhynchus Uyeno p. 224
1975	Scapanorhynchus Cappetta and Case p. 14
1977	Scapanorhynchus Herman p. 167
1977	Scapanorhynchus Itoigawa p. 130
1979	Scapanorhynchus Case p. 79
1981	Scapanorhynchus Thurmond and Jones p. 46
1988	Scapanorhynchus Case and Schwimmer p. 294
1991	Scapanorhynchus Case p. 4
1991	Scapanorhynchus Müller and Diedrich p. 28
1992	Scapanorhynchus Siverson p. 541
1993	Scapanorhynchus Biddle p. 204
1996	Scapanorhynchus Shimada p. 6
1999	Scapanorhynchus Cappetta and Case p. 19
1999	Scapanorhynchus Underwood and Mitchell
2001	Microdontaspis Case et al. p. 90
2001	Scapanorhynchus Zalmout and Mustafa pp. 389-390 figs. 1-3, plate 5
2002	Scapanorhynchus Sepkoski
2003	Scapanorhynchus Cicimurri p. 10 figs. 5, G
2003	Scapanorhynchus Niedźwiedzki and Kalina p. 21
2004	Scapanorhynchus Cuny et al. p. 133 figs. Pl. II, figs 4-6
2006	Scapanorhynchus Shimada p. 168
2007	Scapanorhynchus Cahuzac et al. p. 21
2011	Scapanorhynchus Bourdon et al. p. 17
2013	Scapanorhynchus Guinot et al. p. 644
2014	Scapanorhynchus Cicimurri et al. pp. 18-20 fig. 12
2016	Scapanorhynchus Bice and Shimada p. 175
2020	Scapanorhynchus Amalfitano et al. p. 264
2021	Scapanorhynchus Maisch et al. pp. 5, 14, 21 figs. 6A-H, 11A, 11E

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Deuterostomia
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1874
subphylum	Vertebrata
superclass	Gnathostomata

Rank	Name	Author
class	Chondrichthyes
subclass	Euselachii	()
—	Neoselachii	Compagno 1977
superorder	Galeomorphii	Compagno 1973
order	Lamniformes	Berg 1958
family	Mitsukurinidae	Jordan 1898
genus	Scapanorhynchus

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

G. †Scapanorhynchus Woodward 1889

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†Scapanorhynchus armenicus Glikman 1980

†Scapanorhynchus darvasicus Glikman 1980

†Scapanorhynchus lewisii Davis 1887

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Invalid names: Scapanorhynchus elongatus Woodward 1889 [synonym]

†Scapanorhynchus minimus Landemaine 1991

†Scapanorhynchus perssoni Siverson 1992

†Scapanorhynchus praeraphiodon Sokolov 1978

†Scapanorhynchus puercoensis Bourdon et al. 2011

†Scapanorhynchus rapax Quaas 1902

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Invalid names: Otodus smilodon Quaas 1902 [synonym]

†Scapanorhynchus rhaphiodon Agassiz 1843

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Invalid names: Lamna hectori Davis 1888 [synonym], Lamna plicatella Reuss 1845 [synonym], Lamna striatella Zaręczny 1878 [synonym], Lamna striola Zaręczny 1878 [synonym]

†Scapanorhynchus subulatus Agassiz 1843

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Invalid names: Lamna carinata Davis 1888 [synonym], Odontaspis kaikoraensis Davis 1888 [synonym]

†Scapanorhynchus temiricus Zhelezko 1988

†Scapanorhynchus tenuis Case et al. 2001

†Scapanorhynchus texanus Roemer 1852

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Invalid names: Odontaspis malletiana White 1956 [synonym]

†Scapanorhynchus trigeri Coquand 1859

Invalid names: Microdontaspis Case et al. 2001 [synonym]

Diagnosis

No diagnoses are available

Measurements

No measurements are available

Composition:

phosphaticsubp

Environment:

marinesubp

Locomotion:

actively mobileo

Life habit:

nektonico

Diet:

carnivoreo

Created:

2009-07-21 07:05:21

Modified:

2009-07-21 09:05:21

Source: o = order, subp = subphylum

References: Hendy et al. 2009, Wagner 2023, Carroll 1988

Age range: base of the Barremian to the top of the Serravallian or 125.77000 to 11.63000 Ma

Collections (251 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Oldest occurrences
Cretaceous	143.1 - 66.0	USA (Oregon)	S. sp. (200871)
Barremian	125.77 - 121.4	Japan (Gunma)	S. sp. (229065)
Barremian - Albian	125.77 - 100.5	Tunisia (Medinine)	S. sp. (166013)
Early/Lower Aptian	121.4 - 119.57	United Kingdom (England)	S. sp. (235313)
Aptian	121.4 - 113.2	Japan (Iwate)	S. sp. (210764 210765)
Albian	113.2 - 100.5	USA (Oregon)	S. sp. (229463)
Albian	113.2 - 100.5	Switzerland	Lamna subulata (2237)
Middle Albian	110.1 - 106.3	France (Marne)	S. praeraphidion (235563 235564)
Middle Albian	110.1 - 106.3	France (Haute-Marne)	S. praeraphiodon (235569)
Late/Upper Albian	106.3 - 100.5	United Kingdom (England)	S. praeraphiodon (213350 213351)
Youngest occurrences
Time interval	Ma	Country or state	PBDB collection number
Maastrichtian	72.2 - 66.0	Trinidad and Tobago (Trinidad)	S. sp. (221504)
Maastrichtian	72.2 - 66.0	Jordan	S. sp. (13366) S. texanus (36256)
Maastrichtian	72.2 - 66.0	USA (New Jersey)	S. sp. (57915)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian - Danian	72.2 - 61.66	USA (New Jersey)	S. texanus (124938)
Early/Lower Eocene	56.0 - 48.07	Niger (Tahoua)	S. rhaphiodon (75233)
Ypresian	56.0 - 48.07	Saudi Arabia (Ash Sharqiyah)	Lamna rapax (42459)
Bartonian	41.03 - 37.71	Trinidad and Tobago	S. sp. (169204)
Priabonian	37.71 - 33.9	USA (Alabama)	Odontaspis malletiana (45637)
Rupelian	33.9 - 27.3	Australia (South Australia)	S. maslinensis (45823)
Serravallian	13.82 - 11.63	USA (Maryland)	Lamna subulata (55396)