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Spondylus (Spondylus)

Bivalvia - Pectinida - Spondylidae

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1758Spondylus (Spondylus) Linnaeus
1982Spondylus (Spondylus) Dockery p. 49
2002Spondylus (Spondylus) Mandic et al. p. 300

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Protostomia
—Spiralia
superphylumLophotrochozoa
phylumMollusca
classBivalvia
—Eubivalvia
subclassAutobranchia(Groblen 1894)
infraclassPteriomorphia(Beurlen 1944)
RankNameAuthor
—OstreomorphiFerussac 1822
—OstreioniFerussac 1822
—OstreataFerussac 1822
superorderOstreiformiiFerussac 1822
orderPectinida(Gray 1854)
suborderPectinidina(Adams and Adams 1858)
superfamilyPectinoideaRafinesque 1815
—PectinoidaeRafinesque 1815
familySpondylidaeGray 1826
genusSpondylusLinnaeus 1758
subgenusSpondylusLinnaeus 1758

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Subg. Spondylus (Spondylus) Linnaeus 1758
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Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: aragoniteg
Composition 2: low Mg calciteg
Environment: marineo
Locomotion: stationaryg
Attached: yesg
Life habit: epifaunalg
Diet: suspension feederg
Vision: limitedf
Created: 2007-10-05 05:12:06
Modified: 2009-08-17 21:49:15
Source: g = genus, f = family, o = order
References: Aberhan et al. 2004, Kiessling 2004

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Aptian to the top of the Late/Upper Pleistocene or 121.40000 to 0.01170 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 113.2 Ma

Collections (51 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Aptian121.4 - 113.2Japan (Iwate) Spondylus decoratus (40213 40214 40315 40316 40553 40554)
Late/Upper Cretaceous100.5 - 66.0Japan (Nagano) Spondylus amanoi (40234)
Early/Lower Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0USA (Mississippi) Spondylus sp. (4119)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0USA (Alabama) Spondylus gregalis (4197) Spondylus sp. (4173 4174 4175 4176 4177 4183 4193 4200 4201 4202 4203 4205 4213 4214 4215 4216 4222 4223 4224 4225 4229 4237)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0USA (Texas) Spondylus munitus (4450 4496) Spondylus sp. (4515)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0USA (Mississippi) Spondylus sp. (4162 4163)
Early/Lower Oligocene33.9 - 27.3USA (Georgia) Spondylus filiaris (60834)
Rupelian33.9 - 27.3USA (Mississippi) Spondylus filiaris (5791 5805 5820 5942 5950 5993 6002 7114)
Late/Upper Miocene11.63 - 5.333Indonesia Spondylus apiapiensis (70078)
Late/Upper Miocene - Pliocene11.63 - 2.58Indonesia (New Guinea) Spondylus marisrubri (42391)
Pleistocene2.58 - 0.0117Eritrea Spondylus marisrubri (101415)
Pleistocene - Holocene2.58 - 0.0Yemen Spondylus marisrubri (55372)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129Egypt Spondylus gaedropus (120129)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Egypt Spondylus gaedropus (120128)