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Taxocrinidae

Crinoidea - Taxocrinida - Taxocrinidae

Discussion

Laudon, 1936 (pb ref21501) and Goldring, 1936 (pb ref20958) list Family TAXOCRINIDAE Bather (em. Springer)

Taxonomy
Taxocrinidae was named by Angelin (1878). It is not extant. Its type is Taxocrinus.

It was assigned to Flexibilia by Laudon (1936); and to Taxocrinacea by Ubaghs et al. (1978), Ausich (1998), Webster et al. (1999), Ausich and Copper (2010).

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1878Taxocrinidae Angelin
1936Taxocrinidae Laudon
1978Taxocrinidae Ubaghs et al. p. T771
1998Taxocrinidae Ausich p. 23
1999Taxocrinidae Webster et al. p. 475
2010Taxocrinidae Ausich and Copper p. 54

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
—Ambulacraria
phylumEchinodermata
subphylumBlastozoa
classCrinoideaMiller 1821
RankNameAuthor
subclassPentacrinoideaJaekel 1918
infraclassInadunata(Wachsmuth and Springer 1897)
—Cladida(Moore and Laudon 1943)
superorderFlexibilia(Zittel 1895)
orderTaxocrinidaSpringer 1913
superfamilyTaxocrinaceaAngelin 1878
familyTaxocrinidaeAngelin 1878
familyTaxocrinidaeAngelin 1878

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Fm. †Taxocrinidae Angelin 1878
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G. †Eutaxocrinus Springer 1906
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†Eutaxocrinus chinaensis Lane et al. 1997
†Eutaxocrinus gracilis Meek and Worthen 1865
†Eutaxocrinus maccoyanus Salter 1873
†Eutaxocrinus whiteavesi Springer 1906
G. †Gnorimocrinus Wachsmuth and Springer 1879
G. †Ladacrinus Ausich and Copper 2010
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†Ladacrinus asynaptos Ausich and Copper 2010
G. †Parichthyocrinus Springer 1902
G. †Protaxocrinus Springer 1906
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†Protaxocrinus aberrans Bouska 1956
†Protaxocrinus amii Bolton 1970
†Protaxocrinus anellus Eckert and Brett 2001
†Protaxocrinus elegans Billings 1857
†Protaxocrinus girardeau Springer 1920
†Protaxocrinus girvanensis Ramsbottom 1961
†Protaxocrinus laevis Billings 1857
†Protaxocrinus paraios Ausich and Copper 2010
†Protaxocrinus robustus Bassler 1915
†Protaxocrinus sideros Ausich and Copper 2010
G. †Taxocrinus Phillips 1843
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†Taxocrinus anomalus Waters et al. 2003
†Taxocrinus macrodactylus Phillips 1841
†Taxocrinus ovalis Angelin 1878
†Taxocrinus stultus Whidborne 1896
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: high Mg calcitec
Ontogeny: accretion, addition of partsp
Environment: marinep
Locomotion: stationaryo
Attached: yessubc
Life habit: epifaunalo
Diet: suspension feedero
Vision: blindc
Dispersal: waterp
Dispersal 2: planktonicp
Created: 2004-02-28 17:20:53
Modified: 2004-02-28 19:20:53
Source: o = order, subc = subclass, c = class, p = phylum
References: Kiessling 2004, Aberhan et al. 2004, Aberhan 1992, Hendy et al. 2009

Age range: base of the Maysvillian to the top of the Chesterian or 450.20000 to 323.40000 Ma

Collections (90 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Katian452.8 - 445.2United Kingdom (Scotland) Protaxocrinus girvanensis (181069)
Katian452.8 - 445.2Canada (Ontario) Lecanocrinus elegans, Lecanocrinus laevis (180117) Protaxocrinus laevis (192275 192276)
Maysvillian450.2 - 449.6USA (Illinois, Iowa) Protaxocrinus sp. (23524)
Richmondian449.6 - 445.5USA (Iowa) Protaxocrinus sp. (13200)
Rawtheyan448.8 - 445.2United Kingdom (Scotland) Protaxocrinus girvanensis (73134)
Hirnantian445.2 - 443.1Canada (Quebec) Protaxocrinus paraios (202374)
Rhuddanian443.1 - 440.5Canada (Quebec) Protaxocrinus paraios (202384)
Rhuddanian443.1 - 440.5Canada (Ontario) Protaxocrinus cataractensis (13287 13288)
Llandovery443.1 - 432.9Canada (Ontario) Protaxocrinus cataractensis (3489 3492)
Llandovery443.1 - 432.9USA (New York) Protaxocrinus sp. (77054)
Silurian443.1 - 419.62USA (Oklahoma) Gnorimocrinus sp. (528)
Aeronian440.5 - 438.6Canada (Quebec) Ladacrinus sp., Ladacrinus asynaptos (202387) Protaxocrinus sideros (202388)
Telychian438.6 - 432.9Canada (Quebec) Ladacrinus sp. (202393) Protaxocrinus sideros (202395 202396 202397)
Telychian438.6 - 432.9USA (New York) Protaxocrinus annellus (26853) Protaxocrinus sp. (77053)
Wenlock432.9 - 426.7United Kingdom (England) Taxocrinus sp. (79893)
Homerian430.6 - 426.7Czechia Protaxocrinus sp. (14102)
Gorstian426.7 - 425.0Czechia Protaxocrinus sp. (14104)
Ludfordian - Pridoli425.0 - 419.62USA (Oklahoma) Gnorimocrinus pontotocensis (26824)
Pridoli422.7 - 419.62USA (West Virginia) Protaxocrinus sp. (26825)
Leintwardine421.3 - 419.62United Kingdom Eutaxocrinus maccoyanus (95143) Ichthyocrinus mccoyanus (119401)
Lochkovian - Pragian419.62 - 410.62France (Alsace) Eutaxocrinus maureri (38802)
Devonian419.62 - 358.86USA (New York) Eutaxocrinus whiteavesi (123542)
Early/Lower Emsian410.62 - 399.5Czechia Eutaxocrinus capella (14137)
Early/Lower Emsian410.62 - 399.5Germany (Gemuenden) Eutaxocrinus prognatus (26903)
Early/Lower Emsian410.62 - 399.5Germany Eutaxocrinus prognatus, Eutaxocrinus sincerus (26904)
Early/Lower Givetian387.95 - 385.9Czechia (Moravia) Taxocrinus sp. (5767)
Givetian387.95 - 382.31USA (Ohio) Eutaxocrinus wideneri (38462 38469)
Givetian387.95 - 382.31USA (Iowa) Eutaxocrinus gracilis (123301)
Givetian387.95 - 382.31USA (New York) Eutaxocrinus whiteavesi (5619 5655 5656 5657 5659 5661 5662)
Frasnian382.31 - 372.15USA (New York) Eutaxocrinus ithacense (76161)
Late/Upper Frasnian375.2 - 372.15Australia (Western Australia) Taxocrinus sp. (38996)
Famennian372.15 - 358.86China (Xinjiang) Eutaxocrinus basellus, Eutaxocrinus chinaensis (3561) Eutaxocrinus boulongourensis (3564) Eutaxocrinus boulongourensis, Eutaxocrinus chinaensis, Taxocrinus anomalus (123199) Eutaxocrinus chinaensis (3565)
Famennian372.15 - 358.86Mongolia (Hovd) Eutaxocrinus ariunai, Eutaxocrinus sersmaai, Eutaxocrinus chinaensis, Taxocrinus anomalus (222971)
Late/Upper Famennian365.2 - 358.86USA (Colorado) Taxocrinus sp. (3544)
Late/Upper Famennian365.2 - 358.86Germany (Nordrhein-Westfalen) Taxocrinidae indet. (38304)
Hastarian358.86 - 353.7United Kingdom (England) Taxocrinus macrodactylus (229584)
Kinderhookian358.86 - 351.9Canada (Alberta) Eutaxocrinus pulvinatus (8610)
Kinderhookian358.86 - 351.9USA (Iowa) Eutaxocrinus sp. (73163) Taxocrinus sp. (73273)
Hastarian - Ivorian358.86 - 346.7Iran (Kerman) Taxocrinus quadribrachiatus (57115)
Tournaisian358.86 - 346.7USA (Kentucky) Taxocrinus spp. (65685 65689)
Osagean351.9 - 342.9USA (Indiana) Parichthyocrinus meeki, Taxocrinus colletti (180968)
Chadian346.7 - 339.9USA (Indiana) Parichthyocrinus crawfordsvillensis (2202) Parichthyocrinus crawfordsvillensis, Taxocrinus colletti (2208) Taxocrinus ungula (2059)
Chadian346.7 - 339.9USA (Kentucky) Taxocrinus pustulosus (5868)
Chadian - Arundian346.7 - 339.9USA (Indiana) Parichthyocrinus sp., Taxocrinus sp. (557) Taxocrinus colletti (699 8113 8115 8120 8121 8126 8127 8128 8129 8135 8138 8139) Taxocrinus sp. (556 8067 8068 8072 8080)
Chadian - Arundian346.7 - 339.9USA (Kentucky) Taxocrinus colletti (37879) Taxocrinus sp. (562)
Holkerian346.7 - 339.9United Kingdom (England) Taxocrinus sp. (41284)
Chesterian335.4 - 323.4USA (Kentucky) Taxocrinus sp. (206292)
Chesterian335.4 - 323.4USA (Tennessee) Taxocrinus sp. (90811)