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Ensis directus

Bivalvia - Solenida - Pharidae

Taxonomy
Solen directus was named by Conrad (1844) [DISTRIBUTION: Miocene-Recent; Labrador-gulf states. TYPE: Holotype missing (ANSP).]. It is extant.

It was recombined as Ensis directus by Dall (1900), Glenn (1904), Abbott (1954), Richards (1962), Spencer and Campbell (1987), Ward (1998), Hendy et al. (2008).

Sister species lacking formal opinion data
E. hausmanni

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1844Solen directus Conrad p. 235
1900Ensis directus Dall p. 954
1904Ensis directus Glenn p. 291
1954Ensis directus Abbott p. 443
1962Ensis directus Richards p. 68
1987Ensis directus Spencer and Campbell p. 48
1998Ensis directus Ward p. 82
2008Ensis directus Hendy et al.

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Protostomia
—Spiralia
superphylumLophotrochozoa
phylumMollusca
classBivalvia
—Eubivalvia
subclassAutobranchia(Groblen 1894)
RankNameAuthor
infraclassHeteroconchia(Gray 1854)
—CardiomorphiFerussac 1822
—CardioniFerussac 1822
—CardiidiaFerussac 1822
—SolenataDall 1889
orderSolenidaDall 1889
superfamilySolenoidea(Lamarck 1809)
familyPharidaeAdams and A 1858
genusEnsisSchumacher 1817
speciesdirectus(Conrad 1844)

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Ensis directus Conrad 1844
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Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: aragonitec
Locomotion: facultatively mobileg
Life habit: infaunalg
Diet: suspension feederg
Vision: blindc
Created: 2009-09-09 14:22:33
Modified: 2009-09-09 16:22:33
Source: g = genus, c = class
References: Aberhan et al. 2004, Sanchez Roig 1926

Age range: base of the Burdigalian to the top of the Late/Upper Pleistocene or 20.45000 to 0.01170 Ma

Collections (83 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Early/Lower Miocene23.04 - 15.98USA (New Jersey) Ensis directus (59335 59723 59736 59752 92757)
Burdigalian20.45 - 15.98USA (Delaware) Ensis directus (18579)
Burdigalian20.45 - 15.98USA (Florida) Ensis directus (42482 42663)
Serravallian13.82 - 11.63USA (Florida) Ensis directus (42886 42891 111204)
Late/Upper Miocene11.63 - 5.333USA (Maryland) Ensis directus (69032)
Late/Upper Miocene11.63 - 5.333USA (Virginia) Ensis directus (79751 79752 79754)
Early/Lower Pliocene5.333 - 3.6USA (South Carolina) Ensis directus (60939)
Zanclean5.333 - 3.6USA (South Carolina) Ensis directus (60940)
Pliocene5.333 - 2.58USA (North Carolina) Ensis directus (79248 79249)
Late/Upper Pliocene3.6 - 2.58USA (Florida) Ensis directus (80037)
Late/Upper Pliocene3.6 - 2.58USA (North Carolina) Ensis directus (58893 58894 58895 68979 79341 79342 79343)
Gelasian2.58 - 1.8USA (North Carolina) Ensis directus (71138)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.58 - 0.774USA (South Carolina) Ensis directus (60944)
Early/Lower Pleistocene2.58 - 0.774USA (North Carolina) Ensis directus (58897 60988 69043 79339 79340 80034)
Pleistocene2.58 - 0.0117USA (New Jersey) Ensis directus (66603 66604 66612 66614 66616 66618 66621 66624)
Pleistocene2.58 - 0.0117USA (New York) Ensis directus (66377 66379 66381)
Pleistocene2.58 - 0.0117USA (Delaware) Ensis directus (66703)
Pleistocene2.58 - 0.0117USA (South Carolina) Ensis directus (80053)
Pleistocene2.58 - 0.0117USA (Virginia) Ensis directus (7108)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129USA (North Carolina) Ensis directus (91459 91462)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117USA (Maine) Ensis directus (66338)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117Canada (Newfoundland and Labrador) Ensis directus (75526)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117USA (North Carolina) Ensis directus (66742 66746 66748 66749 66750 66751 66752 66754 69047)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117USA (Maryland) Ensis directus (66706 66721)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117USA (Florida) Ensis directus (69040)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117USA (Virginia) Ensis directus (57702 57705 57706 69049 80132)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117USA (New Jersey) Ensis directus (92753)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117USA (Massachusetts) Ensis directus (61268 61269 66359)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117USA (South Carolina) Ensis directus (60930 66758 66760 69046 79705 79706 79707 79956 79957)