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Pharidae

Bivalvia - Solenida - Pharidae

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1858Pharidae Adams and A.
1998Pharidae Beesley p. 341
1998Pharidae Lamprell and Healy p. 180
2000Pharidae Coan et al. p. 259
2006Pharidae Rosenberg et al.
2010Pharidae Bouchet et al.
2010Pharidae Matsubara et al. p. 139
2011Pharidae Carter et al. p. 18

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
Bilateria
EubilateriaAx 1987
Protostomia
Spiralia
superphylumLophotrochozoa
phylumMollusca
classBivalvia
Eubivalvia
subclassAutobranchia(Groblen 1894)
RankNameAuthor
infraclassHeteroconchia(Gray 1854)
CardiomorphiFerussac 1822
CardioniFerussac 1822
CardiidiaFerussac 1822
SolenataDall 1889
orderSolenidaDall 1889
superfamilySolenoidea(Lamarck 1809)
familyPharidaeAdams and A 1858
familyPharidaeAdams and A 1858

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Fm. Pharidae Adams and A. 1858
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Subfm. Cultellinae Davies 1935
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G. †Enosolen Guo 1988
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Enosolen ensatus Guo 1988
G. Ensiculus Adams 1860
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Ensiculus conradi Cossmann 1894
Ensiculus cultellus Linnaeus 1758
G. †Leptosolen Conrad 1865
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Leptosolen albertensis Russell and Landes 1937
Leptosolen biplicata Conrad 1858
G. †Senis Stephenson 1953
G. Cultellus Schumacher 1817
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Subg. Cultellus (Cultellus) Schumacher 1817
Cultellus affinis Sowerby 1812
Cultellus brevis Nagao 1928
Cultellus izumoensis Yokoyama 1923
Cultellus kokolikensis Imlay 1961
Cultellus leguminoides Nagao 1928
Cultellus maximus Gmelin 1791
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Invalid names: Solen lacteus Spengler 1794 [synonym]
Cultellus tenuis Philippi 1836
G. Ensis Schumacher 1817
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Ensis directus Conrad 1844
Ensis ensiformis Conrad 1843
Ensis macha Molina 1782
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Invalid names: Solen gladiolus Gray 1839 [synonym]
Ensis minor Dall 1899
Ensis myrae Berry 1953
Ensis nitidus Clessin 1888
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Invalid names: Ensis californicus Dall 1899 [synonym]
Ensis schmidti Olsson 1914
Ensis tropicalis Hertlein and Strong 1955
Subfm. Novaculininae Ghosh 1929
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G. Novaculina Benson 1830
Subfm. Pharinae Adams and Adams 1856
+
+
Pharus simulacrum Wind and Wise 1977
Subfm. †Rzehakiinae Korobkov 1954
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G. †Rzehakia
G. Siliqua Mühlfeld 1811
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Siliqua alta Broderip and Sowerby I 1829
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Invalid names: Siliqua media Sowerby I 1839 [synonym]
Siliqua kingi Jeffery and Tracey 1997
Siliqua lucida Conrad 1837
Siliqua oregonia Dall 1900
Siliqua patula Dixon 1789
+
Invalid names: Solecurtus nuttallii Conrad 1837 [synonym]
Siliqua radiata Linnaeus 1758
Siliqua simondsi Harris 1895
Invalid names: Siliquinae Bronn 1862 [empty]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: aragonitec
Locomotion: facultatively mobilef
Life habit: infaunalf
Diet: suspension feederf
Vision: blindc
Comments: LIFE HISTORY: IS, MA, UN, SU according to Todd (2001).f
Created: 2009-09-09 14:22:21
Modified: 2009-09-09 16:22:21
Source: f = family, c = class
References: Aberhan et al. 2004, Sanchez Roig 1926

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Anisian to the top of the Holocene or 247.20000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 242.0 Ma

Collections (496 total)

Oldest occurrences

Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Anisian247.2 - 242.0China (Yunnan) Enosolen ensatus (201160)
Carnian237.0 - 228.0Japan (Kochi) Cultellus ellipsoidalis (40471)
Early/Lower Tithonian150.8 - 145.0Portugal Senis elongatus (7892 7893)
Late/Upper Berriasian - Valanginian145.0 - 132.9Germany Siliqua aequilatera (95087)
Aptian125.0 - 113.0United Kingdom (England) Senis wharburtoni (1747 1764 1836 1851 1856)
Aptian125.0 - 113.0Japan Leptosolen sp. (69057)
Late/Upper Aptian122.46 - 112.03United Kingdom (England) Senis wharburtoni (162252)
Albian113.0 - 100.5USA (Kansas) Leptosolen otterensis (2038 2043 2057)
Albian113.0 - 100.5Japan Leptosolen sp. (123133 123134 123156 123165)
Middle Albian109.0 - 105.3United Kingdom (England) Senis wharburtoni (1765)
Late/Upper Albian105.3 - 99.6United Kingdom (England) Senis sp. (6280)
Cenomanian100.5 - 93.9Japan Leptosolen sp. (123154 123155 123167)
Cenomanian100.5 - 93.9Germany Leptosolen dupinianus (66779)
Cenomanian100.5 - 93.9USA (Texas) Leptosolen angustus (4638 4647 4654 6604 6636) Leptosolen angustus, Senis elongatus (4641 4655 6498) Senis elongata (4658 4659) Senis elongatus (4637 4643 4645 4660 6484 6502 6527 6530 6540 6541 6548 6648)
Cenomanian100.5 - 93.9USA (New Jersey) Leptosolen elongata (6651)
Early/Lower Cenomanian99.6 - 93.5Japan Leptosolen sp. (122341 122344)
Late/Upper Cenomanian99.6 - 93.5USA (Arizona) Senis elongatus (53492)
Turonian93.9 - 89.8USA (Minnesota) Leptosolen biplicatus (1987) Siliqua huerfanensis (1989)
Santonian86.3 - 83.6USA (Georgia) Leptosolen sp. (5161)
Campanian83.6 - 72.1USA (North Carolina) Leptosolen biplicata (7611 7620 190555)