Basic info Taxonomic history Classification Included Taxa
Morphology Ecology and taphonomy External Literature Search Age range and collections

Lucina (Epilucina) californica (California lucine)

Bivalvia - Lucinida - Lucinidae

Taxonomy
Phacoides californicus was named by Conrad (1837) [DISTRIBUTION: Late Miocene-Recent; California-Mexico]. It is a 3D body fossil. It is the type species of Epilucina.

It was recombined as Lucina californica by Ashley (1895), Addicott and Emerson (1959); it was corrected as Phacoides californica by Chace and Chace (1919); it was recombined as Phacoides (Callucina) californicus by Oldroyd (1925), Loel and Corey (1932); it was recombined as Lucina (Codakia) californica by Schenck (1945); it was recombined as Lucinisca californica by Emerson and Addicott (1953); it was recombined as Lucina (Epilucina) californica by Hertlein and Grant (1972); it was recombined as Codakia (Epilucina) californica by Moore (1988); it was recombined as Epilucina californica by Coan et al. (2000), Hendy (2021).

Sister species lacking formal opinion data
Codakia dejaeri, Codakia haidingeri, Epilucina dejaeri, Epilucina rotunda, L. alpina, L. antarctandica, L. aquaensis, L. arenacea, L. aspera, L. atoma, L. aurantia, L. barrandei, L. bellona, L. blanckenhorni, L. blankenhorni, L. canterburiensis, L. chatfieldana, L. chubutensis, L. coquandiana, L. corbisoides, L. cornueliana, L. corpulenta, L. crucialis, L. cutleri, L. dalmatina, L. dentonana, L. despecta, L. divaricata, L. downesi, L. edentula, L. fischeri, L. fragilis, L. frugalis, L. fuggeri, L. fulva, L. glebula, L. haidingerii, L. hannibali, L. hannibali, L. hasei, L. haueri, L. immanis, L. immutabilis, L. laevis, L. landanensis, L. lepis, L. leufuensis, L. leufuensis, L. limbata, L. lineata, L. losmadesamba, L. lugeoni, L. martini, L. masylaea, L. mazatlantica, L. michelotti, L. mokattamensis, L. multilamellata, L. mutabilis, L. neasquamata, L. nokbaensis, L. nuttallii, L. obliqua, L. oleodorsum, L. orbicularis, L. pectinata, L. percancellata, L. perminuta, L. perusiana, L. pharaonica, L. planistria, L. podagrinus, L. polythele, L. porrecta, L. potosina, L. priabonensis, L. primoidea, L. prorrecta, L. pulvinatus, L. punctulata, L. rectangulata, L. reisi, L. repleyana, L. reticulata, L. ripleyana, L. rollei, L. sanctae-crucis, L. scotti, L. seclusa, L. seminolis, L. sesostridis, L. solida, L. squamata, L. stearnsiana, L. subporrecta, L. subprorecta, L. substriata, L. sylvaerupis, L. tenella, L. tenera, L. tenuistria, L. textilis, L. thebaica, L. toishiyamensis, L. tumida, L. useilli, L. valdensis, L. velai, L. vermicularis, L. vogli, L. zitteli, L. katherinepalmerae, L. camaronensis, L. quincula, L. sabelli, L. tehuacanensis, L. crassiplica, L. nanna, L. pomilia, L. bipartita, L. trisulcata, L. trisulcata, L. meneghini, L. michelotti, L. tumida, L. gemma, L. prosoptera, L. reticulata, L. lactea, L. hamata, L. kadievi, L. multivittae, L. pectinata, L. arrogans, L. liana, L. roigi, L. depressa, L. multilamellata, L. butonensis, L. ephraimi, L. pisidium, L. seminulum, L. fortidentalis, L. planistria, L. inopinata, L. miobarbieri, L. micraulax

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1837Phacoides californicus Conrad p. 255 figs. pl. 20, fig. 1
1895Lucina californica Ashley p. 344
1919Phacoides californica Chace and Chace
1925Phacoides (Callucina) californicus Oldroyd p. 5
1932Phacoides (Callucina) californicus Loel and Corey p. 211
1945Lucina (Codakia) californica Schenck
1953Lucinisca californica Emerson and Addicott p. 440
1959Lucina californica Addicott and Emerson p. 17
1972Lucina (Epilucina) californica Hertlein and Grant p. 247 figs. Plate 46, Figures 11, 16
1988Codakia (Epilucina) californica Moore p. D11 figs. Plate 1, figures 16, 17
2000Epilucina californica Coan et al. p. 263
2021Epilucina californica Hendy

Is something missing? Join the Paleobiology Database and enter the data

RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
Bilateria
EubilateriaAx 1987
Protostomia
Spiralia
superphylumLophotrochozoa
phylumMollusca
classBivalvia
Eubivalvia
subclassAutobranchia(Groblen 1894)
infraclassHeteroconchia(Gray 1854)
RankNameAuthor
CardiomorphiFerussac 1822
CardioniFerussac 1822
LucinidiaGray 1854
orderLucinida(Stoliczka 1871)
superfamilyLucinoideaFleming 1828
familyLucinidaeFleming 1828
subfamilyLucininaeFleming 1828
genusLucinaDall 1901
subgenusEpilucina
speciescalifornica(Conrad 1837)

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Lucina (Epilucina) californica Conrad 1837 [California lucine]
show all | hide all
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: aragonitef
Locomotion: facultatively mobilef
Life habit: deep infaunalf
Diet: chemosymbioticf
Vision: blindc
Created: 2009-05-17 03:07:50
Modified: 2009-10-09 08:44:03
Source: f = family, c = class
References: Kiessling 2004, Aberhan et al. 2004

Age range: base of the Early/Lower Pliocene to the top of the Late/Upper Pleistocene or 5.33300 to 0.01170 Ma

Collections (11 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Early/Lower Pliocene5.333 - 3.6USA (California) Phacoides californicus (208580)
Pliocene5.333 - 2.58Mexico (Baja California) Phacoides californica (97124)
Piacenzian3.6 - 2.58USA (California) Lucina californica (122752) Phacoides californicus (186031)
Pleistocene2.58 - 0.0117USA (California) Phacoides californicus (240570 240577)
Middle Pleistocene0.774 - 0.129USA (California) Phacoides californica (207886) Phacoides californicus (222995)
Late/Upper Pleistocene0.129 - 0.0117USA (California) Lucinisca californica (240555 240635) Phacoides californica (202936)