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Pliohippus (Astrohippus)
Taxonomy
Pliohippus (Astrohippus) was named by Stirton (1940) [named as subgenus by Matthew and Stirton 1930, and retained as such by Stirton 1940b; raised to genus level]. Its type is Protohippus ansae.
It was reranked as Astrohippus by Quinn (1955), Mooser (1968), MacFadden (1986), Carroll (1988), Prothero and Schoch (1989), Baskin (1991), Kelly (1995), Prado and Alberdi (1996), MacFadden (1998).
It was assigned to Calippini by Quinn (1955), Mooser (1968); to Pliohippus by Stirton (1940), Lance (1950), Forsten (1975); to Equidae by MacFadden (1986), Carroll (1988); to Pliohippina by Prado and Alberdi (1996); and to Equini by Prothero and Schoch (1989), Baskin (1991), Kelly (1995), MacFadden (1998).
It was reranked as Astrohippus by Quinn (1955), Mooser (1968), MacFadden (1986), Carroll (1988), Prothero and Schoch (1989), Baskin (1991), Kelly (1995), Prado and Alberdi (1996), MacFadden (1998).
It was assigned to Calippini by Quinn (1955), Mooser (1968); to Pliohippus by Stirton (1940), Lance (1950), Forsten (1975); to Equidae by MacFadden (1986), Carroll (1988); to Pliohippina by Prado and Alberdi (1996); and to Equini by Prothero and Schoch (1989), Baskin (1991), Kelly (1995), MacFadden (1998).
Subtaxa
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1940 | Pliohippus (Astrohippus) Stirton p. 190 |
| 1950 | Pliohippus (Astrohippus) Lance |
| 1955 | Astrohippus Quinn p. 40 |
| 1968 | Astrohippus Mooser p. 1 |
| 1975 | Pliohippus (Astrohippus) Forsten p. 48 |
| 1986 | Astrohippus MacFadden p. 467 |
| 1988 | Astrohippus Carroll |
| 1989 | Astrohippus Prothero and Schoch p. 532 |
| 1991 | Astrohippus Baskin p. 999 |
| 1995 | Astrohippus Kelly p. 15 |
| 1996 | Astrohippus Prado and Alberdi p. 676 |
| 1998 | Astrohippus MacFadden p. 551 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Subg. †Pliohippus (Astrohippus) Stirton 1940
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†Pliohippus (Astrohippus) stockii Lance 1950
Diagnosis
| Reference | Diagnosis | |
|---|---|---|
| J. H. Quinn 1955 | Upper cheek teeth slender, _hypsodont, and straight crowned; enamel pattern simple; fossettes transversely compressed and small; protocones variably grooved internally and heeled anteriorly; hypoconal groove closed nearly to sum- mit of crown; lower teeth with attenuated, divergent metaconid and metastylid; on molars metaconid and metastylid attached by a long narrow commissure as in the premolars; median valley not penetrating between the reentrants of the flexids on either premolars, or molars; parastylid present on early species, lost or nearly so on late species. |