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Dorudon atrox

Mammalia - Cetacea - Basilosauridae

Discussion

http://eol.org/pages/4525672/overview

Taxonomy
Prozeuglodon atrox was named by Andrews (1906). Its type specimen is CGM 9319, a partial skeleton (partial juvenile skull and skeleton), and it is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Birket-el-Qurun beds, which is in a Priabonian coastal sandstone in the Birket Qarun Formation of Egypt.

It was synonymized subjectively with Zeuglodon isis by Zittel (1925); it was synonymized subjectively with Prozeuglodon isis by Kellogg (1936); it was recombined as Dorudon atrox by Uhen (1996), Uhen (1998), Uhen (2004), van Vliet (2004), Clementz et al. (2006), Bouetel and Muizon (2006), McLeod and Barnes (2008), Gingerich (2008), Uhen (2009), Fitzgerald (2010), Schouten (2011), Gingerich (2012), Gingerich (2013), Cioppi (2014), Gingerich and Cappetta (2014), Uhen (2018), Mahdy et al. (2019) and Zalmout et al. (2020).

Synonyms
Synonymy list
YearName and author
1906Prozeuglodon atrox Andrews pp. 255-257 figs. 80-83, Plate 21
1908Prozeuglodon atrox Stromer p. 5
1914Prozeuglodon atrox Abel p. 220
1923Zeuglodon intermedius Dart p. 629
1928Prozeuglodon stromeri Kellogg p. 40
1936Dorudon stromeri Kellogg p. 203
1936Dorudon intermedius Kellogg p. 222
1970Prozeuglodon atrox Mchedlidze p. 50
1990Prozeuglodon atrox Gingerich et al. p. 156
1991Prozeuglodon atrox Gingerich p. 214
1992Dorudon stromeri Gingerich p. 73
1996Dorudon atrox Uhen p. 51
1998Dorudon atrox Uhen p. 36
2004Dorudon atrox Uhen p. 14
2004Dorudon atrox van Vliet p. 143
2004Dorudon intermedius van Vliet p. 143
2004Dorudon stromeri van Vliet p. 143
2006Dorudon atrox Bouetel and Muizon p. 383
2006Dorudon atrox Clementz et al. p. 359
2008Dorudon atrox Gingerich p. 109 figs. Table 1
2008Dorudon stromeri Gingerich p. 109 figs. Table 1
2008Dorudon atrox McLeod and Barnes p. 93
2009Dorudon atrox Uhen p. 93
2010Dorudon atrox Fitzgerald p. 370 figs. Table 1
2011Dorudon atrox Schouten p. 18
2012Dorudon atrox Gingerich p. 313 figs. Figure 4
2013Dorudon atrox Gingerich
2014Dorudon atrox Cioppi p. 86
2014Dorudon atrox Gingerich and Cappetta p. 128 figs. Figure 16
2018Dorudon atrox Uhen
2019Dorudon atrox Mahdy et al.
2020Dorudon atrox Zalmout et al. p. 128

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
—Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
—Tetrapoda
—Reptiliomorpha
—Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
—Cotylosauria()
—Amniota
subclassSynapsida
—Therapsida()
infraorderCynodontia()
—Mammaliamorpha
RankNameAuthor
—Mammaliaformes
classMammalia
—Cladotheria
—Zatheria
subclassTribosphenida()
subclassTheria
—Eutheria()
—Placentalia
—Boreoeutheria
—Laurasiatheria
—Scrotifera
—Euungulata
—Artiodactylamorpha
—Artiodactyla()
—Whippomorpha
orderCetacea
—Pelagiceti
familyBasilosauridae
genusDorudon
speciesatrox()

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

†Dorudon atrox Andrews 1906
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Invalid names: Dorudon intermedius Dart 1923 [synonym], Dorudon stromeri Kellogg 1928 [synonym]
Diagnosis
ReferenceDiagnosis
M. D. Uhen 2004Dorudon atrox can be distinguished from all other archaeocetes by its unique conformation of cranial bones in the posterior narial region (see Figure 2.28). In D. atrox, the posterior nasals are separated by a long, thin process of the frontals. In addition, the medial edges of the posterior maxillae contact the lateral edges of the nasals. Both species of Basilosaurus have small narial processes of the frontals and the medial maxillae touch the nasals only. D. atrox is here placed in the genus Dorudon due to the similar size and morphology of the type specimen of Dorudon serratus to comparable specimens of D. atrox. Differences that distinguish D. atrox from Dorudon serratus include: the presence of three vs. two mesial accessory denticles on dP2; weaker mesial and distal cingula on the upper premolars; stronger vertical rib ornamentation on the upper premolars; and a weaker lingual projection (Andrew’s “postero-internal buttress” of D. atrox) and dP3 and dP4.