Where: Liaoning, China (41.6° N, 120.8° E: paleocoordinates 44.1° N, 122.9° E)
• coordinate estimated from map
• outcrop-level geographic resolution
When: Yixian Formation (Jehol Group), Late/Upper Barremian (130.0 - 125.5 Ma)
• The Yixian Formation can be subdivided into five units, in ascending order, Lujiatun unit, Lower Lava, Jianshangou unit, Upper Lava, Dawangzhangzi unit, Jingangshan unit, and Huanghuashan unit. Most of the Jehol fossils from the Yixian Formation are preserved in four beds, that is, the Lujiatun bed (recalculated age is 124.0 ± 1.0/1.3 Ma, He et al., 2006), the Jianshangou bed (125.43 ± 0.50/0.88 Ma, Swisher et al., 1999), the Dawangzhangzi bed, and Jinggangshan bed (~122 Ma, Smith et al., 1995).U-Pb dating suggests that the Huangbanjigou section ranges from 124.9 ± 1.7 Ma to 122.8 ± 1.6 Ma (Yang et al., 2007). Chang et al. (2017) obtained Ar/Ar ages of 125.8 ± 1.0 Ma and 126.0 ± 0.8 Ma from the Lujiatun Unit, the lowest part of the Yixian Formation, below the lacustrine shales.
•He et al. (2004) reported a 40Ar/39Ar age of 120.3 ± 0.7 Ma for a tuff layer in the lower part of the Jiufotang Formation, and Chang et al. (2009) obtained a 40Ar/39Ar age of 122.1 ± 0.3 Ma for a tuff layer from the lowermost part of the Jiufotang Formation. Yu et al. (2021) dated an ash bed just above the Yixian/Jiufotang formation boundary to 122.0 ± 0.9 Ma and three tuff beds from the Xiaotaizi section to 118.9 ± 0.8 Ma, 118.8 ± 0.6 Ma, and 118.6 ± 1.1 Ma. These ages suggest that the Jiufotang Formation in Jianchang Basin was deposited at ca. 122.0–118.9 Ma.
•Olierrok et al. (2019) used a selection of U-Pb and 40Ar-39Ar geochronology to place the Barremian–Aptian boundary (the base of the Chron M0r) between 123.8 and 121.8 Ma. The GTS 2020 uses an age of 121.4 Ma for the base of the Aptian, and multiproxy orbital tuning gives an age of 120.2 Ma for the Barremian-Aptian boundary (Leandro et al., 2022). Therefore, the Yixian Formation should be entirely Late Barremian, with the Jiufotang Formation deposited in the Early Aptian (or latest Barremian at its base).
• group of beds-level stratigraphic resolution
Environment/lithology: lacustrine - large; lithified, tuffaceous mudstone
Size classes: macrofossils, mesofossils
Preservation: adpression
Reposited in the NIGPAS
Primary reference: J. Zhang. 1999. Aeschnidiid nymphs from the Jehol biota (latest Jurassic–Early Cretaceous), China, with a discussion of the family Aeschnidiidae (Insecta, Odonata). Cretaceous Research 20:813-827 [M. Clapham/J. Karr]more details
Purpose of describing collection: taxonomic analysis
PaleoDB collection 111725: authorized by Matthew Clapham, entered by Matthew Clapham on 28.06.2011, edited by Jered Karr
Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)
Taxonomic list
Insecta | |
Lepteremochaetus elegans n. sp.22, Alleremonomus xingi22, Eremomukha (Eremomukha) angusta n. sp.22, Eremomukha (Eremomukha) tenuissima n. sp.22
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Turanophlebia liaoningensis n. sp.12
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Dracontaeschnidium orientale n. gen. n. sp.32, "Aeschnidium heishankowense" = Sinaeschnidia heishankowense, Stylaeschnidium rarum n. gen. n. sp.32
"Aeschnidium heishankowense" = Sinaeschnidia heishankowense Hong 1965 small darner Adults B93001, B93002, B93003, B93004-2, B93005, B93006, B97601, B97602-1,2, B97603-1, 2; Nymphs B97611, B97613, B97614, B97615, B97619, B97618-1, 2, B97620, B97621-1, 2
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Paradecoraeshna liaoningensis n. gen. n. sp.35
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"Trematothoracoides liaoningensis n. gen. n. sp." = Trematothorax liaoningensis33
"Trematothoracoides liaoningensis n. gen. n. sp." = Trematothorax liaoningensis33 Zhang et al. 2001 stem sawfly LBSH98015/NIGP 132459
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Angarosphex saxosus n. sp.26
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Protoscolia sinensis n. gen. n. sp.29, Protoscolia normalis n. sp.29, Protoscolia imperialis n. sp.29
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Tanychorinae indet.15, ? Tanychorinae indet.15, Sinochora distorta n. gen. n. sp.15, Khasurtella zhangi n. sp.15, Amplicella sp.15, "Tanychora spinata n. sp." = Amplicella spinata23, Amplicella townesi n. sp.15, "Tanychora exquisita n. sp." = Amplicella exquisita23, Amplicella exquisitissima n. sp.15, "Tanychora beipiaoensis n. sp." = Amplicella beipiaoensis23, Amplicella flagellata n. sp.15, Tanychora rasnitsyni n. sp.15, Tanychora liaoningensis n. sp.15, Tanychorella dubia n. sp.23
Tanychorinae indet.15 Rasnitsyn 1980 ichneumon wasp NIGP 159645 (LBSH02307), NIGP 159646 LBSH02363,2369)
"Tanychora spinata n. sp." = Amplicella spinata23 Zhang and Rasnitsyn 2003 ichneumon wasp NIGP134822
"Tanychora exquisita n. sp." = Amplicella exquisita23 Zhang and Rasnitsyn 2003 ichneumon wasp NIGP134820
"Tanychora beipiaoensis n. sp." = Amplicella beipiaoensis23 Zhang and Rasnitsyn 2003 ichneumon wasp NIGP134821
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Beipiaoserphus elegans n. gen. n. sp.31
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Eopelecinus shangyuanensis n. sp.28, Eopelecinus vicinus n. gen. n. sp.28, Eopelecinus similaris n. sp.28, Sinopelecinus epigaeus n. sp.28, Sinopelecinus viriosus n. sp.28, Sinopelecinus delicatus n. gen. n. sp.28, Sinopelecinus magicus n. sp.28, Scorpiopelecinus versatilis n. gen. n. sp.28
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"Procretevania vesca n. sp." = Cretevania vesca25, "Procretevania exquisita n. sp." = Cretevania exquisita25
"Procretevania vesca n. sp." = Cretevania vesca25 Zhang et al. 2007 ensign wasp LBSH02174/NIGP140527
"Procretevania exquisita n. sp." = Cretevania exquisita25 Zhang et al. 2007 ensign wasp LBSH02175/NIGP140526
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Sinowestratia communicata n. gen. n. sp.34
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Isoxyela rudis n. gen. n. sp.30, Sinoxyela viriosa n. gen. n. sp.30, Heteroxyela ignota n. gen. n. sp.30, Lethoxyela excurva n. gen. n. sp.30, Lethoxyela vulgata n. sp.30, Ceratoxyela decorosa n. gen. n. sp.30, Angaridyela robusta n. sp.30, Angaridyela endemica n. sp.30, Angaridyela exculpta n. sp.30, Angaridyela suspecta n. sp.30, Liaoxyela antiqua n. gen. n. sp.30
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? Hydroscapha jeholensis n. sp.7
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Mathesius liaoningensis n. gen. n. sp.14
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Cretohister sinensis n. gen. n. sp.37
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Prolucanus beipiaoensis n. gen. n. sp.20
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Pseudanotylus archaicus4, Protodeleaster glaber n. gen. n. sp.8, Mesocoprophilus clavatus n. gen. n. sp.3, Thayeralinus sp.9, Megolisthaerus minor n. sp.1, "Quedius cretaceus n. sp." = Cretoquedius infractus2, Hesterniasca lata n. sp.6, Cretaceonanobius fossilis n. gen. n. sp.18, Cretoxyporus extraneus n. gen. n. sp.5, Paroxyporus fossilis n. gen. n. sp.19, Ptomascopus sp.9
"Quedius cretaceus n. sp." = Cretoquedius infractus2 Solodovnikov and Yue 2013 rove beetle NIGP 156220
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Tyrannopsylla beipiaoensis n. gen. n. sp.13
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Jeholelcana yanensis n. gen. n. sp.11
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