PBDB Interval

International Chronostratigraphic Timescale

The interval definitions in this timescale are derived from the following sources:

K. M. Cohen, S.C. Finney, P.L. Gibbard and J.-X. Fan. 2023. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2023/09. view
F. M. Gradstein, J. G. Ogg, M. D. Schmitz and G. M. Ogg. 2020. Geologic Time Scale 2020 view
J. I. Raine, A. G. Beu, A. F. Boyes, H. J. Campbell, R. A. Cooper, J. S. Crampton, M. P. Crundwell, C. J. Hollis, and H. E. G. Morgans. 2015. Revised Calibration of the New Zealand Geological Timescale: NZGT2015/1. GNS Science Report 2012(39) view
W. B. Harland, R. L. Armstrong, A. V. Cox, L. E. Craig, A. G. Smith and D. G. Smith. 1990. A Geologic Time Scale 1989. view

There are 59 timescales which overlap this one. show

Interval boundaries marked with * have been interpolated based on the differences between the ages for international timescale boundaries quoted in the source and the currently accepted ages for those boundaries.

Interval names marked with † are no longer in current use.

This timescale is used in the definition of 126691 collections

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International Chronostratigraphic Timescale			Permian of North America		Cretaceous-Cenozoic of New Zealand		Permian of the Russian Platform		Obsolete Names for ICS Units
Quaternary	Holocene	Meghalayan			Wanganui	Haweran						0
		Northgrippian										0.0042
		Greenlandian										0.0082
	Pleistocene	Late Pleistocene										0.0117
		Chibanian										0.129
		Chibanian				Castlecliffian						0.34
		Calabrian				Castlecliffian						0.774
		Calabrian				Nukumaruan						1.63
		Gelasian				Nukumaruan						1.8
		Gelasian				Mangapanian						2.4
Neogene	Pliocene	Piacenzian				Mangapanian			Tertiary †			2.58
		Piacenzian				Waipipian						3
		Zanclean				Waipipian						3.6
		Zanclean				Opoitian						3.7
	Miocene	Messinian			Taranaki	Kapitean						5.333
		Messinian				Tongaporutuan						7.2
		Tortonian				Tongaporutuan						7.246
		Tortonian			Southland	Waiauan						11.04
		Serravallian				Waiauan						11.63
		Serravallian				Lillburnian						13.05
		Langhian				Lillburnian						13.82
						Clifdenian						15.1
					Pareora	Altonian						15.9
		Burdigalian				Altonian						15.98
		Burdigalian				Otaian						18.7
		Aquitanian				Otaian						20.44
		Aquitanian			Landon	Waitakian						21.7
Paleogene	Oligocene	Chattian				Waitakian						23.03
						Duntroonian						25.2
						Whaingaroan						27.3
		Rupelian										27.82
	Eocene	Priabonian										33.9
					Arnold	Runangan						34.6
						Kaiatan						36.7
		Bartonian				Kaiatan						37.71
		Bartonian				Bortonian						39.1
		Lutetian				Bortonian						41.2
					Dannevirke	Porangan						42.6
						Heretaungan						45.7
		Ypresian				Heretaungan						47.8
						Mangaorapan						48.9
						Waipawan						52
	Paleocene	Thanetian				Teurian						56
		Selandian										59.2
		Danian										61.6
Cretaceous	Late Cretaceous	Maastrichtian			Mata	Haumurian						66
		Campanian				Haumurian						72.1
		Santonian				Piripauan						83.6
		Santonian			Raukumara	Teratan						86.1
		Coniacian										86.3
		Turonian										89.8
						Mangaotanean						90.5
						Arowhanan						93.7
		Cenomanian				Arowhanan						93.9
					Clarence	Ngaterian						95.2
						Motuan						99.5
	Early Cretaceous	Albian				Motuan						100.5
						Urutawan						103.3
					Taitai	Korangan						108.4
		Aptian				Korangan						113
		Aptian										117.5
		Barremian										121.4
		Hauterivian										125.77
		Valanginian										132.6
		Berriasian	139.8
Jurassic	Late Jurassic	Tithonian		145
		Kimmeridgian		149.2
		Oxfordian		154.8
	Middle Jurassic	Callovian		161.5
		Bathonian		165.3
		Bajocian		168.2
		Aalenian		170.9
	Early Jurassic	Toarcian		174.7
		Pliensbachian		184.2
		Sinemurian		192.9
		Hettangian		199.5
Triassic	Late Triassic	Rhaetian		201.4
		Norian		208.5
		Carnian		227
	Middle Triassic	Ladinian		237
	Middle Triassic	Anisian		242
	Early Triassic	Olenekian		247.2
	Early Triassic	Induan		251.2
Permian	Lopingian	Changhsingian		251.902
		Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †	254.14
		Wuchiapingian		Longtanian †	Tatarian		Vyatkian	256.8 *
	Guadalupian	Capitanian		Capitanian			Severodvinian			259.51
		Wordian		Wordian			Urzhumian			264.28
		Roadian		Roadian	Kazanian		Povolzhian			266.9
		Roadian		Roadian	Kazanian		Sokian			270.7 *
	Cisuralian	Kungurian		Leonardian	Cathedralian		Kungurian			Irenian/Ufimian	273.01
										Filipovian	276.5 *
										Saraninian	280.1 *
					Hessian					Saraninian	281.9 *
		Artinskian					Artinskian			Sarginian	283.5
										Irginian	285.9 *
				Wolfcampian	Lenoxian					Irginian	286.1 *
										Burtsevian	287.8 *
		Sakmarian					Sakmarian			Sterlitamakian	290.1
		Sakmarian					Sakmarian			Tastubian	291.7 *
		Asselian			Nealian		Asselian			Shikhanian	293.52
										Uskalykian	294.8
										Surenian	297.5
Carboniferous	Pennsylvanian	Gzhelian									298.9
		Kasimovian									303.7
		Moscovian									307
		Bashkirian									315.2
	Mississippian	Serpukhovian									323.2
		Visean									330.9
		Tournaisian							346.7
Devonian	Late Devonian	Famennian							358.9
	Late Devonian	Frasnian							372.2
	Middle Devonian	Givetian							382.7
	Middle Devonian	Eifelian							387.7
	Early Devonian	Emsian							393.3
		Pragian							407.6
		Lochkovian							410.8
Silurian	Pridoli								419.2
	Ludlow	Ludfordian							423
	Ludlow	Gorstian							425.6
	Wenlock	Homerian							427.4
	Wenlock	Sheinwoodian							430.5
	Llandovery	Telychian							433.4
		Aeronian							438.5
		Rhuddanian				440.8
Ordovician	Late Ordovician	Hirnantian				443.8
		Katian				445.2
		Sandbian				453
	Middle Ordovician	Darriwilian				458.4
	Middle Ordovician	Dapingian	467.3
	Early Ordovician	Floian	470
	Early Ordovician	Tremadocian	477.7
Cambrian	Furongian	Stage 10	485.4
		Jiangshanian	489.5
		Paibian	494
	Miaolingian	Guzhangian	Series 3 †			497
		Drumian				500.5
		Wuliuan				Stage 5 †		504.5
												509