Holocystitid-Coronoid Assoc., Upper Osgood Shale (Silurian of the United States)

Where: Indiana (39.1° N, 85.3° W: paleocoordinates 27.2° S, 52.4° W)

• coordinate based on political unit

• local area-level geographic resolution

When: Kockelella ranuliformis conodont zone, Osgood Shale Formation, Sheinwoodian (433.4 - 430.5 Ma)

• "?Late Llandoverian (?C6) to middle Wenlockian. Upper Osgood Shale." PJW: Upper part of Osgood is Kockelella ranuliformis zone.

• member-level stratigraphic resolution

Environment/lithology: deep subtidal; shelly/skeletal, calcareous mudstone and shelly/skeletal grainstone

• "echinoderm attachment structures common...debris piles...trilobites seldom intact...echinoderm crowns very rare...The community most likely represents BA 4-5 deposited below normal wave base but subject to sporadic storm disturbance. The deep end of the spectrum is perhaps most likely, as other similar communities have rare ischaditids or other large green algae, but these have not been found here."
• "The common lithology is a calcareous, predominantly siliciclastic mudstone with variable amounts of skeletal debris. In some areas, echinoderm or bryozoan packstones to grainstones and boundstones are dominant, usually extending laterally no more than a few meters. Irregular lumps of algal limestone...are often surrounded by rocks with the textures noted above..."

Size class: macrofossils

Collection methods: Abundances given in table 45.43, combining a number of localities.

Primary reference: T. J. Frest, C. E. Brett, and B. J. Witzke. 1999. Caradocian-Gedinnian echinoderm associations of Central and Eastern North America. Paleocommunities--a case study from the Silurian and Lower Devonian 638-783 [M. Foote/K. Koverman/P. Wagner]more details

Purpose of describing collection: paleoecologic analysis

PaleoDB collection 26805: authorized by Michael Foote, entered by Michael Foote on 01.11.2002, edited by Björn Kröger

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

Show authors, comments, and common names
unclassified
  -
Echinodermata indet.
Echinoidea
  -
Echinoidea indet.
Echinoidea indet. Leske 1778 sea urchin
unclassified
  -
Osgoodicystis biessetti, Osgoodicystis cooperi, Finitiporus boardmani, Ampheristocystis concentricus, Eutrophoceras sp.
Asteroidea
  -
Asteroidea indet.
Asteroidea indet. de Blainville 1830 sea star
starfish plates
 Glyptosphaeritida - Gomphocystitidae
Gomphocystites indianensis
 Sphaeronitida - Aristocystitidae
Triamara tumida, Triamara ventricosa
Triamara ventricosa Miller 1879
 Sphaeronitida - Sphaeronitidae
Allocystites hammeli
 Sphaeronitida - Holocystitidae
Trematocystis magniporatus, Holocystites (Holocystites) scutellatus, Holocystites (Holocystites) clavus, Holocystites (Holocystites) ovatus, Holocystites (Holocystites) alternatus, "Holocystites (Holocystites) abnormis" = Holocystites (Megacystites) abnormis, Pentacystis gibsoni, Paulicystis sparsus, Paulicystis densus
Trematocystis magniporatus Frest et al. 2011
"Holocystites (Holocystites) abnormis" = Holocystites (Megacystites) abnormis Hall 1864
Pentacystis gibsoni Frest et al. 2011
Paulicystis sparsus Frest et al. 2011
Paulicystis densus Frest et al. 2011
Crinoidea
 Calceocrinida - Calceocrinidae
Calceocrinidae indet., Eohalysiocrinus sp. n. sp.
Calceocrinidae indet. Meek and Worthen 1869 Sea lily
new
Eohalysiocrinus sp. n. sp. Prokop 1970 Sea lily
 Myelodactylida - Myelodactylidae
Myelodactylus sp.
Myelodactylus sp. Hall 1852 Sea lily
 Pisocrinida - Pisocrinidae
Pisocrinus (Pisocrinus) gemmiformis
 Disparida - Zophocrinidae
Zophocrinidae indet.
Zophocrinidae indet. Miller 1892 Sea lily
new
 Eustenocrinida - Acolocrinidae
Paracolocrinus paradoxicus
 Cyathocrinida - Cyathocrinitidae
Cyathocrinites sp. n. sp.
Cyathocrinites sp. n. sp. Miller 1821 Sea lily
 Cyathocrinida - Thalamocrinidae
Thalamocrinus sp.
Thalamocrinus sp. Miller and Gurley 1895 Sea lily
 Cladida - Botryocrinidae
Botryocrinus sp. n. sp.
Botryocrinus sp. n. sp. Angelin 1878 Sea lily
 Sagenocrinida - Lecanocrinidae
Lecanocrinus (Lecanocrinus) sp.
 Diplobathrida - Rhodocrinitidae
Lyriocrinus sp.
Lyriocrinus sp. Hall 1852 Sea lily
 Monobathrida - Patelliocrinidae
Macrostylocrinus sp.
 Monobathrida - Melocrinitidae
Melocrinites sp.
Melocrinites sp. Goldfuss 1831 Sea lily
 Monobathrida - Hirneacrinidae
Hirneacrinus sp. n. sp.
Hirneacrinus sp. n. sp. Frest and Strimple 1977 Sea lily
 Monobathrida - Periechocrinidae
Periechocrinus sp.
Periechocrinus sp. Morris 1843 Sea lily
 Monobathrida - Eucalyptocrinitidae
Eucalyptocrinites sp.
Eucalyptocrinites sp. Goldfuss 1831 Sea lily
 Rhombifera - Callocystitidae
Callocystites sp. n. sp.
Callocystites sp. n. sp. Hall 1852
Blastoidea
  -
Lysocystites sp. n. sp.
Lysocystites sp. n. sp. blastoid
 Coronata -
Coronata indet.
Coronata indet. Jaekel 1918 blastoid
juveniles
 Coronata - Stephanocrinidae
Stephanocrinus cornetti, Stephanocrinus obpyramidalis, "Stephanocrinus" elongatus, "Stephanocrinus" quinquepartitus, Cupulocorona hammeli, Cupulocorona osgoodensis, Cupulocorona gemmiformis
Cupulocorona gemmiformis Hall 1872 blastoid
 Fissiculata - Phaenoschismatidae
Decaschisma sp.
Decaschisma sp. Fay 1961 blastoid
Rhombifera
 Hemicosmitoida - Caryocrinitidae
Caryocrinites indianensis, Caryocrinites spp.
Caryocrinites spp. Say 1825
spp. nov.
Cyclocystoidea
  - Cyclocystoididae
Sievertsia sp.
Sievertsia sp. Smith and Paul 1982
Craniata
 Craniopsida - Craniopsidae
"Craniops sp." = Craniops, ""Pholidops" sp." = Craniops
"Craniops sp." = Craniops Hall 1859
""Pholidops" sp." = Craniops Hall 1859
Strophomenata
 Orthotetida - Triplesiidae
Triplesia cf. putillus
 Orthotetida - Chilidiopsidae
"Coolinia subplana" = Fardenia (Coolinia)
"Coolinia subplana" = Fardenia (Coolinia)
 Strophomenida - Strophochonetidae
? Protochonetes sp.
? Protochonetes sp. Muir-Wood 1962
 Strophomenida - Sowerbyellidae
? Eoplectodonta sp., Eoplectodonta (Eoplectodonta) sp.
? Eoplectodonta sp. Kozlowski 1929
 Strophomenida - Leptestiidae
Leangella sp.
Leangella sp. Opik 1933
 Strophomenida - Leptostrophiidae
Mesoleptostrophia sp.
Mesoleptostrophia sp. Harper and Boucot 1978
 Strophomenida - Rafinesquinidae
Leptaena "rhomboidalis"
Leptaena "rhomboidalis" Wahlenberg 1818
Chileata
 Dictyonellida - Eichwaldiidae
Dictyonella cf. reticulata
Rhynchonellata
 Pentamerida - Parastrophinidae
Anastrophia (Savageina) sp.
 Pentamerida - Clorindidae
? Clorinda sp.
? Clorinda sp. Barrande 1879
 Spiriferida - Delthyrididae
Howellella "crispa"
Howellella "crispa" Hisinger 1827
 Spiriferida - Cyrtiidae
Striispirifer sp., Hedeina sp., Eospirifer radiatus
Striispirifer sp. Cooper and Muir-Wood 1951
Hedeina sp. Boucot 1957
Eospirifer radiatus Sowerby 1834
 Athyridida - Meristidae
Merista sp., Merista cf. nitida
Merista sp. Suess 1851
 Athyridida - Nucleospiridae
Nucleospira sp.
Nucleospira sp. Hall 1859
 Atrypida - Atrypinidae
Atrypina cf. disparilis
 Atrypida - Atrypidae
Atrypa "reticularis", Plectatrypa sp.
Atrypa "reticularis" Linnaeus 1758
Plectatrypa sp. Schuchert and Cooper 1930
 Protorthida - Skenidiidae
Skenidioides sp.
Skenidioides sp. Schuchert and Cooper 1931
 Rhynchonellida - Trigonirhynchiidae
Rhynchotreta cf. americana
 Rhynchonellida - Machaerariidae
Ferganella sp.
Ferganella sp. Nikiforova 1937
 Rhynchonellida - Rhynchotrematidae
"Lepidocyclus" sp., Stegerhynchus cf. neglectum, Pleurocornu cf. amissum
 Orthida -
Orthida indet.
Orthida indet. Schuchert and Cooper 1932
 Orthida - Dicoelosiidae
Dicoelosia sp.
Dicoelosia sp. King 1850
 Orthida - Rhipidomellidae
Dalejina "hybrida"
Dalejina "hybrida" Sowerby 1839
 Orthida - Dalmanellidae
Resserella sp.
Resserella sp. Bancroft 1928
 Orthida - Hesperorthidae
Ptychopleurella sp., Hesperorthis sp., "? Schizoramma sp." = Schizonema
Ptychopleurella sp. Schuchert and Cooper 1931
Hesperorthis sp. Schuchert and Cooper 1931
"? Schizoramma sp." = Schizonema
 Orthida - Platystrophiidae
"Platystrophia cf. biforata" = Platystrophia biforatus
"Platystrophia cf. biforata" = Platystrophia biforatus Schlotheim 1820
Bryozoa
  -
Bryozoa indet.
Bryozoa indet. Ehrenberg 1831
Stenolaemata
 Cyclostomata - Corynotrypidae
Corynotrypa dissimilis
 Cryptostomata - Ptilodictyidae
Phaenopora ensiformis
Cephalopoda
 Nautiloidea -
Nautiloidea indet.
Nautiloidea indet. Agassiz 1847 nautiloid
 Orthocerida - Dawsonoceratidae
Dawsonoceras sp.
Dawsonoceras sp. Hyatt 1884
Gastropoda
 Bellerophontida -
"Bellerophontacea indet." = Bellerophontoidea
"Bellerophontacea indet." = Bellerophontoidea M'Coy 1851 snail
 Euomphalina - Platyceratidae
Platyostoma "sp. 1", Platyostoma "sp. 2", Platyostoma "sp. 3", Cyclonema sp.
Platyostoma "sp. 1" Conrad 1842 snail
Platyostoma "sp. 2" Conrad 1842 snail
Platyostoma "sp. 3" Conrad 1842 snail
Cyclonema sp. Hall 1852 snail
Rostroconchia
 Conocardiida - Bransoniidae
Mulceodens cf. jaanussoni
Mulceodens cf. jaanussoni Pojeta and Runnegar 1976
Trilobita
 Corynexochida - Illaenidae
Illaenus sp.
Illaenus sp. Dalman 1827 trilobite
 Phacopida - Calymenidae
Calymenidae sp.
Calymenidae sp. Milne-Edwards 1840 trilobite
 Phacopida - Dalmanitidae
Dalmanites sp.
Dalmanites sp. Barrande 1852 trilobite
 Lichida - Lichidae
Arctinurus sp.
Arctinurus sp. Castelnau 1843 trilobite
Anthozoa
 Rugosa -
Rugosa "indet. 1", Rugosa "indet. 2"
Rugosa "indet. 2" horn coral
 Tabulata -
Tabulata indet.
Tabulata indet. tabulate coral
 Favositida - Favositidae
Favosites "sp. 1", Favosites "sp. 2", Favosites "sp. 3"
Favosites "sp. 1" Lamarck 1816 tabulate coral
Favosites "sp. 2" Lamarck 1816 tabulate coral
Favosites "sp. 3" Lamarck 1816 tabulate coral
Hexactinellida
 Amphidiscosa - Pelicaspongiidae
Vaurealispongia sp.
Vaurealispongia sp. Rigby 1974 glass sponge
Heteractinida
 Octactinellida - Astraeospongiidae
Astraeospongium sp.
Astraeospongium sp. Roemer 1860