PBDB Collection

Cañadón Vaca (Eocene of Argentina)

Where: Chubut, Argentina (45.3° S, 68.0° W: paleocoordinates 47.8° S, 58.1° W)

• coordinate estimated from map

• local area-level geographic resolution

When: Vacan zone, Sarmiento Formation, Lutetian (47.8 - 41.3 Ma)

• Sarmiento Formation, Vacan SALMA (a subdivision of the Casamayoran SALMA), middle Eocene (Woodburne et al. 2014).

• group of beds-level stratigraphic resolution

Environment/lithology: terrestrial; lithology not reported

Size class: macrofossils

Preservation: permineralized

Reposited in the MACN

Primary reference: M. F. Soria. 1980. Una nueva y problemática forma de ungulado del Casamayorense. Actas del Segundo Congreso Argentino de Paleontología y Bioestratigrafía y Primer Congreso Latinoamericano de Paleontología II:193-203 [D. Croft/D. Croft/D. Croft]more details

Purpose of describing collection: taxonomic analysis

PaleoDB collection 44956: authorized by Darin Croft, entered by Darin Croft on 22.09.2004, edited by Mark Uhen, Richard Butler, Jelle Zijlstra and Evangelos Vlachos

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

Show authors, comments, and common names

Mammalia
-	Florentinoameghinia mystica¹¹ Florentinoameghinia mystica¹¹ Simpson 1932 mammal AMNH 28402, three upper cheek teeth and skull fragments
Panameriungulata - Macraucheniidae	Victorlemoineia indet.¹⁰ Victorlemoineia indet.¹⁰ Ameghino 1901 placental AMNH 28468, M1; 28466, M3; 28465, m1 or m2; 28467, m3
Panameriungulata - Adianthidae	Adiantoides magnus n. sp.³ Adiantoides magnus n. sp.³ Cifelli and Soria 1983 placental AMNH 28888, dentary m2-3, holotype
Panameriungulata - Proterotheriidae	Ricardolydekkeria cf. praerupta¹⁰, Anisolambda amel n. sp.¹⁰, Josepholeidya adunca¹⁰, Anisolambda fissidens² Ricardolydekkeria cf. praerupta¹⁰ Ameghino 1901 placental Anisolambda amel n. sp.¹⁰ Simpson 1948 placental AMNH 28503, mandible, holotype; three lower molars Josepholeidya adunca¹⁰ Ameghino 1901 placental Upper molars Anisolambda fissidens² Ameghino 1901 placental
Panameriungulata - Sparnotheriodontidae	Sparnotheriodon epsilonoides Sparnotheriodon epsilonoides Soria 1980 placental Holotype, MACN 18225, pair of mandibles
Panameriungulata - Protolipternidae	Asmithwoodwardia cf. subtrigona¹⁰ Asmithwoodwardia cf. subtrigona¹⁰ Ameghino 1901 placental AMNH 28469
Panameriungulata - Didolodontidae	Didolodus sp.¹², Didolodus minor n. sp.¹⁰ Didolodus sp.¹² Ameghino 1897 placental MMP 696M, maxilla P2-4 Didolodus minor n. sp.¹⁰ Simpson 1948 placental AMNH 28473, M1, holotype; AMNH 28471, P3; 28472, m2; 28470, m3; 28736, M fragment
Notoungulata - Notopithecidae	Notopithecus sp.⁸ Notopithecus sp.⁸ Ameghino 1897 notoungulate
Notoungulata - Oldfieldthomasiidae	"Maxschlosseria consumata" = Maxschlosseria praeterita¹¹, "Maxschlosseria minuta" = Maxschlosseria praeterita¹¹ "Maxschlosseria consumata" = Maxschlosseria praeterita¹¹ Ameghino 1901 notoungulate Isolated upper and lower jaws and skeletal fragments; numerous isolated teeth "Maxschlosseria minuta" = Maxschlosseria praeterita¹¹ Ameghino 1901 notoungulate AMNH 28660, mandible m1-3
Notoungulata - Isotemnidae	Isotemnus primitivus¹¹, Thomashuxleya externa¹¹, Pleurostylodon similis¹¹ Isotemnus primitivus¹¹ Ameghino 1897 notoungulate AMNH 28650, P3-M3 Thomashuxleya externa¹¹ Ameghino 1901 notoungulate AMNH 28447, skull; AMNH 28697, lower jaws; AMNH 28756, lower jaws; AMNH 28698, skull and jaws; AMNH 28686, dentary m3; AMNH 28757, partial skull; AMNH 28699, partial skull Pleurostylodon similis¹¹ Ameghino 1901 notoungulate AMNH 28830, skull and mandible; AMNH 28636, associated right and left P1-M2 and p4-m2; AMNH 28631, p2-m3; AMNH 28661, p3-m1; AMNH 28797, dP1-4; AMNH 28685, P2-M2; AMNH 28874, M2-3
Notoungulata - Notostylopidae	Edvardotrouessartia sola¹⁰, Notostylops pendens¹⁰, Notostylops appressus¹⁰, Homalostylops sp.² Edvardotrouessartia sola¹⁰ Ameghino 1901 notoungulate AMNH 28654, partial lower jaw with right p2 and m1, left p3-m1 Notostylops pendens¹⁰ Ameghino 1901 notoungulate Many specimens, including: AMNH 28634, skull and jaw (neotype of Simpson, 1948), AMNH 28604, skull and jaw; AMNH 28614, skull; AMNH 28603, dentary with p3-m3 Notostylops appressus¹⁰ Ameghino 1902 notoungulate AMNH 28589, mandible with p3-m1 and m3, neotype of Simpson (1948) Homalostylops sp.² Ameghino 1901 notoungulate Partial jaw with p3-m2 and some isolated teeth. Referred to _H. parvus_ by Simpson (1948), but Cifelli (1985) suggested that they represent a distinct species.
Notoungulata - Henricosborniidae	Henricosbornia lophodonta², Othnielmarshia lacunifera¹⁰, Peripantostylops minutus¹⁰ Henricosbornia lophodonta² Ameghino 1901 notoungulate Othnielmarshia lacunifera¹⁰ Ameghino 1901 notoungulate AMNH 28978-28985 and 28988, eight lower and twelve upper molars Peripantostylops minutus¹⁰ Ameghino 1901 notoungulate AMNH 28494, associated right upper and lower jaws with P3-M3 and p3-m3; AMNH 28986 and 28987, nine upper molars
Notoungulata - Archaeopithecidae	"Acropithecus rigidus" = Archaeopithecus rogeri¹¹, Teratopithecus elpidophoros⁶ "Acropithecus rigidus" = Archaeopithecus rogeri¹¹ Ameghino 1897 notoungulate AMNH 28782, skull; AMNH 28884, left P2-M3, right M1-3, right m1-3, left m2-3; AMNH 28895, skull, mandible, and limb fragments; three partial maxillae with teeth; seven partial mandibles with teeth; ~150 isolated upper cheek teeth; ~150 isolated lower cheek teeth Teratopithecus elpidophoros⁶ López et al. 2020 notoungulate
Astrapotheria - Astrapotheriidae	Scaglia kraglievichorum n. gen. n. sp.¹¹ Scaglia kraglievichorum n. gen. n. sp.¹¹ Simpson 1957 placental Museo Municipal de Mar del Plata, no. 207, partial skull
Astrapotheria - Trigonostylopidae	Trigonostylops ? wortmani¹¹, Albertogaudrya indet.² Trigonostylops ? wortmani¹¹ Ameghino 1897 placental AMNH 28450, isolated left upper molar. Referred to Trigonostylopidae indet. by Simpson (1967a, ref. 10312) but to ?Trigonostylops wortmani by Cifelli (1985, ref. 57836). Albertogaudrya indet.² Ameghino 1901 placental
Tribosphenida -	Ideodelphys microscopicus¹⁰ Ideodelphys microscopicus¹⁰ Ameghino 1902 marsupial AMNH 28423, edentulous dentary
Polydolopimorphia - Polydolopidae	Polydolops thomasi⁷, "Polydolops serra" = Polydolops serra⁷, "Polydolops bocurhor n. sp." = Polydolops serra¹⁰ Polydolops thomasi⁷ Ameghino 1897 metatherian AMNH 28420, 28424, 28428, 28443, 28444 "Polydolops serra" = Polydolops serra⁷ Ameghino 1902 metatherian AMNH 28425 (M2), 28426 (M2), 28427 (right M2-3, holotype of _Polydolops bocurhor_), 28429. See also Simpson (1948:62). "Polydolops bocurhor n. sp." = Polydolops serra¹⁰ Ameghino 1902 metatherian AMNH 28427, right M2-3, type; AMNH 28425, M2; AMNH 28426, M2
Sparassodonta -	Patene sp.¹⁰ Patene sp.¹⁰ Simpson 1935 metatherian "An isolated upper molar from the Casamayor in Cañadón Vaca suggest the presence of a second, somewhat larger species [of _Patene_], but it is inadequate for certain determination."
Reptilia
Loricata - Sebecidae	cf. Sebecus sp.⁴, Sebecus icaeorhinus⁹ cf. Sebecus sp.⁴ Stirton 1953 crocodilian AMNH 3162, tooth Sebecus icaeorhinus⁹ Simpson 1937 crocodilian AMNH 3159 (fragmentary cranial remains associated with vertebral centrum and fragmentary femur and fibula) and MMP 235 (fragmentary skull)
Aves
Gruiformes - Phorusrhacidae	Psilopterinae indet.¹ Psilopterinae indet.¹ Dolgopol de Saez 1927 terror bird
Reptilia
Testudines -	"Chelonii indet." = Testudines⁵ "Chelonii indet." = Testudines⁵ Batsch 1788 turtle Museo de la Plata

¹Acosta Hospitaleche and Jones 2024; ²Cifelli 1985; ³Cifelli and Soria 1983; ⁴Colbert 1946; ⁵de Broin and de la Fuente 1993; ⁶López et al. 2020; ⁷Marshall 1982; ⁸Reguero and Prevosti 2010; ⁹Simpson 1937; ¹⁰Simpson 1948; ¹¹Simpson 1967; ¹²Simpson 1970