Turritella-Solena assemblage - Cowlitz Formation (Eocene of the United States)

Where: Lewis County, Washington (46.4° N, 123.0° W: paleocoordinates 47.3° N, 109.4° W)

• coordinate based on nearby landmark

• outcrop-level geographic resolution

When: Cowlitz Formation, Bartonian (41.3 - 38.0 Ma)

• Calcareous nannoplankton most precisely age this unit, placing the Cowlitz fauna in nannoplankton zones NP16 and NP17 (Martini, 1971) and upper CP14 (Oklada and Bukry, 1980), which correlates to the late middle Eocene (40-43 Ma) age (Berggren et al., 1992). Molluscan biostratigraphy suggests a "Tejon" stage age or "Cowlitz-Coaldeo" molluscan stage = Middle Eocene. Collection is assigned to the Bartonian=late Middle Eocene. Collection is from about 15m and 30m above Acutostrea assemblage.

• bed-level stratigraphic resolution

Environment/lithology: transition zone or lower shoreface; lithified, medium-grained, shelly/skeletal, green sandstone

• Sandy, inner-neritic environment, shallower than 50 m, not indicative of brackish water.
• Densely fossiliferous sandstone; dark-green, medium-grained, basalt-lithic fragments

Size class: macrofossils

Preservation: cast, mold/impression

Reposited in the UMMP

Collection methods: bulk,

• Collection is presumably reposited in the Museum of Paleontology, University of California collections. Collected in July of 1978 and 1979. Locality has been and continues to be obscured following the May 1980 Mount St Helen's eruption and subsequent landslides and log jams. Collection is more or less equivalent to Weaver's (1937) localities UW 342 and 34.

Primary reference: E. A. Nesbitt. 1995. Paleoecological anlaysis of molluscan assemblages from the Middle Eocene Cowlitz Formation, southwestern Washington. Journal of Paleontology 69(6):1060-1073 [A. Miller/A. Hendy/A. Hendy]more details

Purpose of describing collection: paleoecologic analysis

PaleoDB collection 52207: authorized by Austin Hendy, entered by Austin Hendy on 01.08.2005

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

• Identified by E. Nesbitt, based on figures and descriptions in Dickerson (1914, 1915), and Weaver (1943), and Squires (1984, 1989), and there are anumber of new, undescribed species. Specimen counts are based on the greater number of left and right valves for bivalves.
Gastropoda
 Neotaenioglossa - Calyptraeidae
Calyptraea diegoana Conrad 1855 slipper shell
 Sorbeoconcha - Naticidae
Naticidae indet. Guilding 1834 moon snail
"Polinices hotsoni" = Polinices (Euspira) hotsoni Weaver and Palmer 1922 moon snail
 Neogastropoda - Fasciolariidae
"Fusinus (Priscofusus) sp." = Priscofusus, "Whitneyella markleyensis" = Perse, "? Whitneyella sp." = Perse
"Fusinus (Priscofusus) sp." = Priscofusus Conrad 1865 snail
"Whitneyella markleyensis" = Perse snail
"? Whitneyella sp." = Perse Clark 1918 snail
 Neogastropoda - Buccinidae
"Siphonalia sopenahensis" = Siphonalia (Nassicola) sopenahensis, "Siphonalia bicarinata" = Siphonalia (Nassicola) bicarinata, "Latirus eocenica" = Cominella eocenica
"Siphonalia sopenahensis" = Siphonalia (Nassicola) sopenahensis Weaver 1912 true whelk
"Siphonalia bicarinata" = Siphonalia (Nassicola) bicarinata Dickerson 1915 true whelk
"Latirus eocenica" = Cominella eocenica Weaver 1912 true whelk
 Neogastropoda - Nassariidae
Colwellia sp. Nuttall and Cooper 1973 snail
 Cerithioidea - Turritellidae
Turritella uvasana Conrad 1855 turret shell
Subspecies: Turritella uvasana stewarti
 Epitonioidea - Epitoniidae
Epitonium "sp. A" Bolten 1798 wentletrap
 Trochoidea - Trochidae
Trochidae indet. Rafinesque 1815 top snail
Bivalvia
 Nuculanida - Nuculanidae
"Nuculana washingtonensis" = Nuculana (Saccella) washingtonensis
"Nuculana washingtonensis" = Nuculana (Saccella) washingtonensis Weaver 1916 pointed nut clam
 Myoida -
Myoida indet. Goldfuss 1820 clam
 Carditida - Carditidae
"Venericardia clarki" = Venericardia (Pacificor) clarki
"Venericardia clarki" = Venericardia (Pacificor) clarki Weaver and Van Winkle Palmer 1922 clam
 Solenida - Solenidae
 Thraciida - Thraciidae
Thracia dilleri Dall 1898 clam
 Poromyida - Cuspidariidae
? Cardiomya sp. Adams 1864 clam
 Cardiida -
"Veneroida indet." = Veneroidei
"Veneroida indet." = Veneroidei Gray 1854 clam
 Cardiida - Veneridae
Tivelina vaderensis Dickerson 1915 venus clam
Pitar californiana venus clam
Pitar (Lamelliconcha) eocenica Weaver and Van Winkle Palmer 1922 venus clam
 Cardiida - Cardiidae
"Acanthocardia (Schedocardia) brewerii" = Schedocardia brewerii
"Acanthocardia (Schedocardia) brewerii" = Schedocardia brewerii Gabb 1864 cockle
 Cardiida - Tellinidae
Tellina cowlitzensis Weaver 1916 tellin clam
 Cardiida - Psammobiidae
Gari cowlitzensis Weaver and Van Winkle Palmer 1922 clam
 Pholadida - Corbulidae
"Corbula parilis" = Caryocorbula parilis
"Corbula parilis" = Caryocorbula parilis Gabb 1864 clam
 Arcida - Arcidae
Barbatia (Obliquarca) landesi Weaver and Van Winkle Palmer 1922 clam
 Ostreida - Pteriidae
Pteria clarki Weaver and Van Winkle Palmer 1922 pearl oyster
 Mytilida - Mytilidae
"Septifer dichotomus" = Brachidontes (Brachidontes) dichotomus Gabb 1864 mussel
Brachidontes (Brachydontes) cowlitzensis Weaver and Van Winkle Palmer 1922 mussel
[entered as Brachydontes (Brachydontes) cowlitzensis]
"Mytilus dichotomus" = Brachidontes (Brachidontes) cooperi Moore 1983 mussel