12 Mile Creek Site (Holocene of the United States)

Where: Logan County, Kansas (38.9° N, 101.0° W: paleocoordinates 38.9° N, 101.0° W)

• coordinate stated in text

• small collection-level geographic resolution

When: Holocene (0.0 - 0.0 Ma)

• layer including the bonebed was a lens of silt "about two feet" thick in 1895 and is no longer present according to Rogers and Martin; "A bison tibia" was dated at 10,435 +/- 260 years B.P. (on apatite) and 10,245 +/- 335 years B.P. (on gelatin) "after being C-13 corrected"; this date is considered to be of Folsom age even though there is a Clovis point

• bed-level stratigraphic resolution

Environment/lithology: fine channel fill; gray, blue siltstone

• "The bones of the bison may have formed a dam" in a stream channel "causing the gray silt to settle around them"
• "blue-gray silt"

Size classes: macrofossils, microfossils

Preservation: anthropogenic

Collected by C. Wood, H. T. Martin, R. T. Overton in 1895

Collection methods: chemical, hydrochloric,

• bison fossils are at the University of Kansas Museum of Natural History; the palynoflora was taken from silt attached to the museum specimens and "extracted for analysis by disaggregation of the matrix with hydrochloric acid and sodium hexametaphophate"

Primary reference: R. A. Rogers and L. D. Martin. 1984. The 12 Mile Creek Site: a reinvestigation. American Antiquity 49(4):757-764 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy]more details

Purpose of describing collection: archaeological analysis

PaleoDB collection 79625: authorized by John Alroy, entered by John Alroy on 14.03.2008

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

Pinopsida
 Pinales - Pinaceae
Pinus sp. Linnaeus 1753 pine
Angiospermae
 Poales - Poaceae
"Gramineae indet." = Poaceae
"Gramineae indet." = Poaceae Barnhart 1895 true grass
 Asterales - Asteraceae
"Compositae indet." = Asteraceae
"Compositae indet." = Asteraceae Berchtold and Presl 1820 daisy
 Caryophyllales -
Caryophyllales indet. Berchtold and Presl 1820
"Chenopodiaceae-Amaranthaceae"
 Malpighiales - Salicaceae
Populus sp. Linnaeus 1753 poplar
 Fagales - Fagaceae
Quercus sp. Linnaeus 1753 oak
Mammalia
 Artiodactyla - Bovidae
Bison antiquus Leidy 1852 bison
assigned to B. occidentalis by Lucas (1899)