Alternative spelling: Polycystida
Parent taxon: Radiolaria according to O. Takahashi and Y. Miyake 2014
See also Afanasieva et al. 2005, Buckman and Aitchison 2001, De Wever et al. 2001, Feng et al. 2004, Kozur et al. 1996, Maletz and Bruton 2008 and Zügel 1997
Sister taxa: Actinommura, Adamas, Amphicentria, Amphicraspedum, Anthocyrtium, Archiphormis, Archipiliacea, Artocyrtis, Astractinium, Cancellientactinia, Carposphaeridium, Caryosphaera, Cavasphaera, Cenellipsis, Cenodiscus, Ceratastrum, Ceratoclathrulum, Cessipylorum, Challengeriacea, Chilomma, Choenicosphaera, Clathrocircus, Clathrocorona, Clavata, Coccodiscacea, Collodaria, Copiconica, Cornutanna, Cornutellium, Corythomelissa, Cromyatractus, Cromyechinus, Crucidiscus, Cryptoprora, Cubosphaera, Cyrtidosphaera, Cyrtophormis, Dictyocodon, Dictyospyrella, Dictyospyrissa, Diploplegma, Dipospyris, Dizonium, Druppatractona, Drymyomma, Dystympanium, Ectoactinia, Ehrenbergia, Ethmosphaeracea, Euphysetta, Guangxitrisphaera, Guttacapsa, Gyrosphaera, Halicapsa, Haploplus, Haplopolaris, Hapolpolus, Hataina, Heliaster, Heliosestilla, Helminentactinia, Hemisphaera, Hexalastrum, Hexaspyridium, Hexastylidium, Hymenastromma, Labyrinthosphaera, Lamprodiscus, Lithamphora, Litheliacea, Lithocampium, Lithocannosphaeropsis, Lithocorythium, Lithomitrella, Lithopilium, Lithotympanium, Lynchnocanella, Mazosphaera, Microlecitos, Neoaspiculum, Nyfrieslandia, Octalacorys, Odontosphaera, Palaeolithochytris, Palamphimorphium, Paleocenosphaera, Palhindeolithus, Panartus, Papinochium, Parafollicucullinoides, Pentalacorys, Pentinastrum, Peridium, Peripanartus, Peritiviator, Pheodaria, Plagoniacea, Plagoniscus, Praespongocoelia, Priscilatentidiota, Prismatium, Protocystis, Protosegmentum, Prunulum, Pseudostaurosphaera, Psilomelissa, Pteractis, Pylosphaera, Retientactinosphaera, Rotasphaeracea, Russirad, Sanctipaulelum, Saturnulus, Schizomma, Sethocorys, Sethodisculus, Soreuma, Spirillina, Spirocapsa, Spongocyrtis, Spongodruppa, Spongopila, Spumellaria, Staurosphaerella, Stichopera, Stichopilidium, Stichopodium, Stichopterygium, Stomatosphaera, Stylactis, Stylotrochus, Tepka, Tessarastrum, Tessarospyris, Tetracorethra, Tetraedroclathrum, Thalassoplancta, Thallassosphaeracea, Thamnospyris, Theoconus, Theosyringium, Trigonactinium, Ulcundia, Veles, Xiphatractylis, Zygospyris
Subtaxa: Actinommacea Albaillellaria Archaeospicularia Entactinaria Latentifistularia Nassellaria Protobiramus
Ecology: passively mobile planktonic omnivore