Parent taxon: Placodermi according to G. C. Young 2010
See also Denison 1975, Denison 1978, Dineley and Metcalf 1999 and Sepkoski 2002
Sister taxa: Acanthothoraci, Acanthothoraciformes, Antiarcha, Antiarchiformes, Arthrodira, Asiacanthus, Austroptyctodus, Bianchengichthys, Brindabellaspida, Campbellodus, Changyonophyton, Coccostei, Coelosteichthys, Deinodus, Entelognathus, Hybosteus, Neopetalichthys, Nessariostoma, Oestophorus, Petalichthida, Petalichthyida, Petalichthyida, Phyllolepida, Pseudopetalichthyida, Pseudopetalichthyiformes, Ptychostei, Ptyctodontida, Rhenanida, Rhenaniformes, Sedowichthys, Tollichthys, Wangolepis, Yunnanacanthus
Subtaxa: Stensioellidae
Ecology: nektonic carnivore
Distribution: found only at Eschenbach-Bocksberg mine, Bundenbach (Devonian of Germany)