Reptilia - Testudines - Trionychidae
Parent taxon: Cryptodira according to A. Perez-Garcia and T. Smith 2021
See also Böhme 2008, Brinkman et al. 2017, Cadena et al. 2012, Carroll 1988, Chkhikvadze 2000, Cope 1871, Cope 1875, Cvancara and Hoganson 1993, Danilov and Vitek 2013, Estes 1964, Estes and Berberian 1970, Frank and Ramus 1996, Gaffney 1975, Hay 1902, Hay 1908, Hay 1930, Head et al. 2006, Head et al. 1999, Holman and Case 1988, Holroyd and Hutchison 2002, Hutchison 2009, Hutchison and Holroyd 2003, Hutchison et al. 2013, Jaekel 1911, Joyce et al. 2004, Karl 2007, Karl et al. 2012, Kato et al. 2019, Khosatzky and Mlynarski 1971, Kuhn 1946, Kuhn 1966, Lambe 1908, Leidy 1873, Lydekker 1889, Miller 1967, Peng et al. 2001, Perrier 1928, Russell 1930, Staesche et al. 2007, Thurmond and Jones 1981, Valdes et al. 2017, van Dijk et al. 2014 and Veress and Codrea 2020
Sister taxa: Adocusia, Bashuchelyidae, Carettochelyoidea, Charitonyx tajanikolaevae, Chelonemydidae, Chelonioidea, Chelydridae, Chelydroidea, Chersidae, Chitracephalus, Cryptoderinea, Dermatochelydidae, Dermochelyoidea, Durocryptodira, Eucryptodira, Galvechelone, Glyptopidae, Glyptopsidae, Indochelyidae, Kallokibotioninae, Kayentachelyidae, Kinosternia, Kinosternoidae, Meiolanidae, Nanhsiungchelyidae, Panchelonioidea, Pantestudinoidea, Pantrionychia, Platysternoidea, Polysternum, Selmacryptodira, Trionychia, Trionychoidea, Tritosternidae
Subtaxa: Altaytrionyx Altaytrionyx burtschaki Altaytrionyx devjatkini Altaytrionyx phiruzae Amyda menneri Apalone Aspideretes Aspideretes jaxarticus Aspideretes muyuensis Aspidonectes Aspilus Aspilus cortesii Chitra minor Chitrainae Conchochelys Crassithecachelys Cyclanorbinae Eugenechelys Hummelichelys Kuhnemydinae Lissemydinae Paleotrionyx Paleotrionyx jimenezfuentesi Plastomenus gabunii Plastomenus jaxarticus Plastomenus mlynarskii Platypeltis subcircularis Procyclanorbis Rafetini Rafetus karkhualexandri Rafetus yexiangkuii Striatochelys Temnotrionyx Trionychinae Trionyx acutiformis Trionyx amansii Trionyx anthracotheriorum Trionyx aquitanicus Trionyx aspidiformis Trionyx australiensis Trionyx austriacus Trionyx borkenensis Trionyx bowerbanki Trionyx bruxelliensis Trionyx burdigalensis Trionyx capellinii bulgaricus Trionyx chaubeti Trionyx ciryi Trionyx cliftii Trionyx croaticus Trionyx danovi Trionyx dodunii Trionyx elongatus Trionyx erquelinnensis Trionyx hilberi Trionyx ishiharaensis Trionyx italicus Trionyx jakhimovitchae Trionyx kazusensis Trionyx khosatzkyi Trionyx laurillardii Trionyx lockardi Trionyx lorioli Trionyx manouri Trionyx marini Trionyx moldaviensis Trionyx mourieri Trionyx munzenbergensis Trionyx oligocenica Trionyx oweni Trionyx parisiensis Trionyx partschii Trionyx pedemontana Trionyx petersi trifailensis Trionyx pliocaenicus Trionyx pompignanensis Trionyx pontanus Trionyx portisi Trionyx preschenensis Trionyx propinquus Trionyx pseudovindobonensis Trionyx pustulatus Trionyx ragusensis Trionyx reticulatus Trionyx rocchettiana Trionyx roncensis Trionyx rotundiformis Trionyx sculptus Trionyx senckenbergianus Trionyx senensis Trionyx siegeri Trionyx sophiae Trionyx stormsi Trionyx ubeensis Trionyx valdensis Trionyx zakhidovi Zaisanonyx Zangerlichelys
Ecology: aquatic piscivore-carnivore
Distribution:
• Quaternary of Australia (1 collection), China (3), Egypt (7), India (2), Indonesia (2), Israel (3), Kenya (25), Mali (2), Niger (3), Sudan (2), Taiwan (1), Thailand (6), United States (24: Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Kansas, Michigan, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Texas)
• Blancan of United States (3: Florida, Nebraska)
• Pliocene to Pleistocene of Australia (1), the Congo-Kinshasa (1), Greece (1), Indonesia (1), Italy (1), Kenya (5), Malawi (1), Uganda (2)
• Pliocene of Australia (2), Chad (2), China (1), the Congo-Kinshasa (1), Egypt (3), France (3), Greece (1), Indonesia (2), Italy (1), Japan (1), Kenya (8), Malawi (3), Pakistan (1), the Russian Federation (1), Spain (1), Turkey (1), Ukraine (1), United States (1: North Carolina)
• MN 13 of Turkey (1)
• Hemphillian of Costa Rica (1), Mexico (1), United States (8: Alabama, Florida, Nebraska)
• Miocene to Pliocene of Chad (1), Kenya (4), Nepal (1), Tanzania (1), Uganda (3), Venezuela (1)
• Miocene of Austria (12), Chad (1), China (6), the Czech Republic (1), Egypt (1), France (23), Germany (36), Greece (2), Hungary (1), India (4), Iraq (1), Italy (11), Japan (3), Kenya (15), Libya (2), Moldova (2), Myanmar (1), Nepal (9), Pakistan (4), Panama (2), Portugal (4), the Russian Federation (1), Saudi Arabia (2), Slovakia (4), Slovenia (2), Spain (10), Switzerland (2), Tanzania (1), Thailand (1), Tunisia (2), Turkey (11), Uganda (1), Ukraine (1), the United Arab Emirates (9), United States (32: Delaware, Florida, Kansas, Maryland, Nebraska, New Jersey, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Texas, Virginia), Venezuela (1)
• Neogene of Myanmar (1)
• Oligocene to Miocene of France (1)
• Oligocene of Belgium (1), Canada (2: Saskatchewan), France (12), Germany (8), Italy (1), Japan (1), Kazakhstan (5), Slovenia (1), Spain (3), Switzerland (1), Turkey (1), United States (4: Mississippi, North Dakota, South Dakota, Virginia)
• Eocene to Oligocene of France (2)
• Eocene of Australia (1), Austria (2), Belgium (5), Canada (6: British Columbia, Northwest Territories, Saskatchewan), China (12), Croatia (1), France (29), Germany (7), India (4), Italy (5), Japan (1), Kazakhstan (3), Mali (1), Mongolia (2), Myanmar (10), Pakistan (4), Romania (4), Spain (11), Ukraine (3), the United Kingdom (12), United States (103: Alabama, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Florida, Georgia, New Mexico, South Dakota, Texas, Utah, Wyoming), Vietnam (1)
• Clarkforkian of United States (5: Colorado, Wyoming)
• Paleocene of Belgium (2), Canada (2: Alberta, Saskatchewan), China (1), Denmark (4), France (5), Mongolia (1), the Russian Federation (2), Ukraine (1), United States (60: California, Colorado, Illinois, Montana, New Mexico, North Dakota, Utah, Wyoming)
• Cretaceous of Canada (85: Alberta, British Columbia, Nunavut, Saskatchewan), China (10), Japan (7), Kazakhstan (9), Kyrgyzstan (2), Laos (1), Mexico (15), Mongolia (56), the Russian Federation (2), Sweden (1), Tajikistan (1), Thailand (1), the United Kingdom (1), United States (287: Alabama, Arizona, Colorado, Delaware, Missouri, Montana, Nevada, New Jersey, New Mexico, North Carolina, North Dakota, South Carolina, South Dakota, Texas, Utah, Wyoming), Uzbekistan (10)
Total: 1216 collections including 1390 occurrences