Parent taxon: Cyanophyta according to Kundal 2010
See also Badve and Kundal 1986, Horodyski and Donaldson 1980, Licari 1978 and Schopf and Blacic 1971
Sister taxa: Abruptophycus, Acaciella, Agamus, Aldania, Alternella, Alternia, Angarophycus, Antiquophytolithus, Archaeothrix, Arenarina, Artophycus, Aulophycus, Basisphaera, Bevocastria, Borlogella, Brachypleganon, Bursiphycas, Calevia, Calothricites, Calyptophycus, Camasia, Catinella, Chabakoviacea, Chomentovskia, Chomustachia, Cirriphycus, Cladogirvanella, Coccogoneae, Columnaria, Crustophycus, Cyanostroma, Cycularia, Cystostroma, Eoaphanothece, Eoepiphyton, Eophormidium, Eucaspsiphora, Fibrostroma, Filiphycus, Fillostroma, Flexia, Galinia, Georgiana, Glomeophycus, Gouldina, Grenularia, Gruneria, Hecetaphyton, Hormogoneae, Hormosporites, Katernia, Kostinophycus, Lamellophycus, Lamellostroma, Leptophycus, Lermontovaephycus, Lopatinella, Madiganites, Maldeotaina, Manacyathus, Mansurkella, Marpolia, Microcystopsis, Morania, Mussooriella, Myxococcoides, Nerusiandella, Oncobyrsella, Palaeomicrocystis, Paleocalothrix, Paleoisocystis, Papulophycus, Perennaria, Phanerosphaerops, Pilbaria, Platella, Plexostroma, Polybessurus, Protoepiphyton, Ramulostroma, Ramulus, Rhyniella, Scandophycus, Schizothropsis, Shanganella, Sphaerina, Sphaerothallus, Stigonematales, Subtifloria, Talakania, Tarioufetia, Telastroma, Trichostroma, Tubercularia, Tumidophyton, Tunikata, Tuxekanella, Uluksanella, Vesicularia, Vittophyton, Millaria, Myxophyceae, Lithocodium, Oscillatoriacea, Callosicoccus, Cladophorites, Sphaerocodium, Rothpletzella, Somphospongia, Sigmopollis, Setula, Porostromata, Antiquus, Desmekalamos
Subtaxa: Aphralysiaceae Baratangia Cayeuxia Garwoodiaceae Protorivularia Ramivaginalis Rivularites Shermanophycus Stylophycus Weedia
Ecology: stationary "photoautotroph"
Distribution:
• Eocene of Spain (1 collection)
• Paleocene to Eocene of India (1)
• Cretaceous of Albania (1), Austria (1), Bulgaria (2), Canada (1: Nova Scotia), Croatia (3), Egypt (2), France (17), Germany (11), Greece (3), Hungary (1), India (4), Iran (1), Italy (18), the Marshall Islands (1), Mexico (1), Oman (5), Portugal (16), Romania (8), Somalia (1), Spain (5), Tunisia (1), Turkey (1)
• Jurassic to Cretaceous of Japan (1)
• Jurassic of Algeria (1), Argentina (1), Austria (2), the Czech Republic (3), France (4), Germany (3), Greece (1), Indonesia (1), Italy (12), Morocco (5), Myanmar (1), Poland (2), Portugal (12), Slovenia (4), Spain (4), Switzerland (1), Thailand (2), Tunisia (1), Ukraine (1)
• Triassic of Austria (15), China (5), Germany (5), Greece (5), Hungary (2), Indonesia (1), Iran (3), Israel (1), Italy (25), Japan (6), Malaysia (1), Oman (3), the Philippines (1), Romania (1), Serbia and Montenegro (1), Slovakia (2), Slovenia (8), Spain (7), Thailand (2), Turkey (3), United States (1: Oregon)
• Permian of China (27), Greece (2), Iran (2), Italy (3), Japan (5), Oman (7), the Russian Federation (1), Slovenia (3), Tajikistan (9), Thailand (2), Turkey (9), United States (4: Arizona, New Mexico, Texas)
• Carboniferous of Algeria (1), Australia (2), Belgium (3), China (4), France (3), Ireland (7), Japan (3), Morocco (1), the Russian Federation (1), Spain (1), the United Kingdom (7), United States (5: Arizona, Arkansas, Colorado, Oklahoma)
• Givetian of China (1)
• Devonian of Australia (3), Austria (1), China (8), Germany (2), Italy (1), the Russian Federation (4), United States (1: New York)
• Silurian of Canada (3: Nunavut, Ontario, Québec), Sweden (2), United States (2: Alaska)
• Whiterockian of Canada (1: Newfoundland and Labrador)
• Ordovician of Canada (3: Newfoundland and Labrador, Ontario, Quebec), China (9), Norway (1), the Russian Federation (3), United States (1: Tennessee)
• Cambrian of Canada (1: Northwest Territories), Italy (1), the Russian Federation (1)
• Tonian of Canada (1: Northwest Territories), the Russian Federation (1)
• Statherian of India (1)
Total: 430 collections including 583 occurrences