Parent taxon: Cyanophyta according to Kundal 2010
See also Badve and Kundal 1986, Horodyski and Donaldson 1980, Licari 1978 and Schopf and Blacic 1971
Sister taxa: Abruptophycus, Acaciella, Agamus, Aldania, Alternella, Alternia, Angarophycus, Antiquophytolithus, Archaeothrix, Arenarina, Artophycus, Aulophycus, Basisphaera, Beltanelliformis, Bevocastria, Borlogella, Brachypleganon, Bursiphycas, Calevia, Calothricites, Calyptophycus, Camasia, Cambricodium, Catinella, Chabakoviacea, Chomentovskia, Chomustachia, Cirriphycus, Cladogirvanella, Coccogoneae, Columnaria, Crustophycus, Cyanostroma, Cycularia, Cystostroma, Eoaphanothece, Eoepiphyton, Eophormidium, Eoschizothrix, Eucaspsiphora, Fibrostroma, Filiphycus, Fillostroma, Flexia, Galinia, Georgiana, Glenobotrydion, Glomeophycus, Gouldina, Grenularia, Gruneria, Hecetaphyton, Hormogoneae, Hormosporites, Izhella, Katernia, Kostinophycus, Lamellophycus, Lamellostroma, Leptophycus, Lermontovaephycus, Lopatinella, Madiganites, Maldeotaina, Manacyathus, Mansurkella, Marpolia, Microcystopsis, Morania, Mussooriella, Myxococcoides, Nerusiandella, Nuia, Oncobyrsella, Ostiana, Palaeomicrocystis, Paleocalothrix, Paleoisocystis, Papulophycus, Perennaria, Phanerosphaerops, Pilbaria, Platella, Plexostroma, Polybessurus, Protoepiphyton, Ramulostroma, Ramulus, Rhyniella, Scandophycus, Schizothropsis, Shanganella, Sphaerina, Sphaerothallus, Spirellus, Squamosphaera, Stigonematales, Subtifloria, Talakania, Tarioufetia, Telastroma, Trichostroma, Tubercularia, Tumidophyton, Tunikata, Tuxekanella, Uluksanella, Vesicularia, Vittophyton, Wetheredellidae, Xianella, Rothpletzella, Sigmopollis, Myxophyceae, Setula, Oscillatoriacea, Desmekalamos, Lithocodium, Millaria, Sphaerocodium, Antiquus, Callosicoccus, Porostromata, Cladophorites, Somphospongia
Subtaxa: Aphralysiaceae Baratangia Cayeuxia Garwoodiaceae Protorivularia Ramivaginalis Rivularites Shermanophycus Stylophycus Weedia
Ecology: stationary "photoautotroph"
Distribution:
• Eocene of Spain (1 collection)
• Paleocene to Eocene of India (1)
• Cretaceous of Albania (1), Austria (1), Bulgaria (2), Croatia (3), Egypt (2), France (17), Germany (11), Greece (3), Hungary (1), India (4), Iran (1), Italy (18), the Marshall Islands (1), Mexico (1), North Atlantic (1), Oman (5), Portugal (16), Romania (8), Somalia (1), Spain (5), Tunisia (1), Türkiye (1)
• Jurassic to Cretaceous of Japan (1)
• Jurassic of Algeria (1), Argentina (1), Austria (2), Czechia (3), France (4), Germany (3), Greece (1), Indonesia (1), Italy (12), Morocco (5), Myanmar (1), Poland (2), Portugal (12), Slovenia (4), Spain (4), Switzerland (1), Thailand (2), Tunisia (1), Ukraine (1)
• Triassic of Austria (16), China (5), Germany (4), Greece (5), Hungary (2), Indonesia (1), Iran (3), Israel (1), Italy (25), Japan (5), Malaysia (1), Oman (2), the Philippines (1), Romania (1), Serbia (1), Slovakia (2), Slovenia (8), Spain (7), Thailand (2), Türkiye (3), United States (1: Oregon)
• Permian of China (28), Greece (2), Iran (2), Italy (3), Japan (5), Oman (7), the Russian Federation (1), Slovenia (3), Tajikistan (9), Thailand (2), Türkiye (9), United States (4: Arizona, New Mexico, Texas)
• Carboniferous of Algeria (1), Australia (2), Belgium (3), China (4), France (3), Ireland (7), Japan (3), Morocco (1), the Russian Federation (1), Spain (1), the United Kingdom (7), United States (5: Arizona, Arkansas, Colorado, Oklahoma)
• Devonian of Australia (4), Austria (1), China (7), Germany (2), Italy (1), the Russian Federation (4), United States (1: New York)
• Silurian of Canada (1: Québec)
• Ordovician of Canada (2: Ontario, Quebec), China (6), the Russian Federation (3)
• Cambrian of Italy (1)
• Tonian of Canada (1: Northwest Territories), the Russian Federation (1)
• Statherian of India (1)
Total: 413 collections including 558 occurrences