Rhynchonellata - Spiriferinida
Alternative spelling: Spiriferinacea
Parent taxon: Spiriferinidina according to W. H. He and Z. Q. Chen 2016
See also Brunton and Champion 1974 and Williams et al. 2006
Sister taxa: Pennospiriferinoidea, Syringothyridoidea
Subtaxa: Mentzeliidae Paralaballidae Sinucostidae Spiriferinidae
Type: Spiriferina
Ecology: stationary low-level epifaunal suspension feeder
Distribution:
• Jurassic of Algeria (3 collections), Argentina (5), Austria (31), Bulgaria (8), Canada (1: Yukon), Chile (36), France (55), Germany (17), Gibraltar (1), Greece (4), Greenland (11), Hungary (77), Italy (4), Luxembourg (1), New Zealand (37), Portugal (24), Saudi Arabia (13), Serbia (4), Slovakia (3), Somalia (1), Spain (141), Switzerland (1), Timor-Leste (1), Tunisia (1), Türkiye (5), the United Kingdom (5), United States (2: Alaska)
• Triassic of Austria (50), Bosnia and Herzegovina (19), Bulgaria (1), Canada (7: British Columbia), Chile (3), China (76), Colombia (1), Croatia (2), Germany (4), Hungary (56), India (4), Indonesia (7), Iran (9), Italy (58), Japan (1), Montenegro (2), New Caledonia (1), New Zealand (24), Papua New Guinea (7), Poland (1), Romania (8), the Russian Federation (28), Serbia (5), Slovakia (17), Slovenia (2), Svalbard and Jan Mayen (2), Tajikistan (3), Thailand (2), Timor-Leste (1), Türkiye (36), Ukraine (2), the United Arab Emirates (3), United States (22: Alaska, California, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, Wyoming), Vietnam (1), Yemen (1)
• Permian of Greenland (3), Guatemala (1), Iran (3), Italy (4), Laos (1), Malaysia (1), Nepal (4), New Zealand (1), Pakistan (33), the Russian Federation (1), Thailand (3), United States (19: Alaska, Arizona, California, Idaho, Utah, Wyoming)
• Carboniferous of India (1), United States (20: Alaska, Arizona, California, Iowa, Kentucky, Montana, Nevada, Utah)
• Silurian of China (1)
Total: 1054 collections including 1476 occurrences