Rhynchonellata - Spiriferinida
Alternative spelling: Spiriferinacea
Parent taxon: Spiriferinidina according to W. H. He and Z. Q. Chen 2016
See also Brunton and Champion 1974 and Williams et al. 2006
Sister taxa: Pennospiriferinoidea, Syringothyridoidea
Subtaxa: Mentzeliidae Paralaballidae Sinucostidae Spiriferinidae
Type: Spiriferina
Ecology: stationary low-level epifaunal suspension feeder
Distribution:
• Jurassic of Algeria (3 collections), Argentina (6), Austria (31), Bulgaria (9), Canada (1: Yukon), Chile (37), East Timor (1), France (55), Germany (19), Gibraltar (1), Greece (4), Greenland (11), Hungary (77), Italy (4), Luxembourg (1), New Zealand (38), Portugal (24), Saudi Arabia (13), Serbia and Montenegro (3), Slovakia (3), Somalia (1), Spain (140), Switzerland (1), Tunisia (1), Turkey (5), the United Kingdom (5), United States (2: Alaska)
• Triassic of Austria (50), Bosnia and Herzegovina (19), Bulgaria (1), Canada (7: British Columbia), Chile (3), China (76), Colombia (1), Croatia (2), East Timor (1), Germany (4), Hungary (57), India (4), Indonesia (7), Iran (9), Italy (59), Japan (1), Nepal (1), New Caledonia (1), New Zealand (27), Papua New Guinea (7), Poland (1), Romania (8), the Russian Federation (28), Serbia and Montenegro (6), Slovakia (17), Slovenia (2), Svalbard and Jan Mayen (2), Tajikistan (3), Thailand (2), Turkey (37), Ukraine (2), the United Arab Emirates (3), United States (22: Alaska, California, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, Wyoming), Vietnam (1), Yemen (1)
• Permian of Greenland (3), Guatemala (1), Iran (3), Italy (4), Laos (1), Malaysia (1), Nepal (4), New Zealand (1), Pakistan (39), the Russian Federation (1), Thailand (3), United States (19: Alaska, Arizona, California, Idaho, Utah, Wyoming)
• Carboniferous of India (1), United States (20: Alaska, Arizona, California, Iowa, Kentucky, Montana, Nevada, Utah)
• Silurian of China (1)
Total: 1070 collections including 1503 occurrences