Mammalia - Perissodactyla - Equidae
Full reference: J. Leidy. 1869. The extinct mammalian fauna of Dakota and Nebraska, including an account of some allied forms from other localities, together with a synopsis of the mammalian remains of North America. Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia 2:1-472
Parent taxon: Equidae according to B. J. MacFadden 1998
Sister taxa: Cremohipparion, Duchesnehippus, Eohippus, Epihippus, Equinae, Erihippus, Gobihippus, Hipphaplus, Hyperhippidium, Hypohippidium, Hyracotheriinae, Lophiopus, Minippus, Orohippus, Plesiohipparion, Pliolophus, Protohippinae, Protorohippus, Sifrhippus, Sivalhippus, Xenicohippus
Subtaxa: none
Ecology: ground dwelling browser
Distribution:
• Pliocene of China (2 collections)
• Hemphillian of Mexico (1)
• Miocene to Pliocene of United States (2: Florida)
• Neogene of Ukraine (1)
• Miocene of Austria (2), Canada (14: Saskatchewan), China (7), France (22), Germany (9), Greece (1), Panama (4), Poland (3), Portugal (2), the Russian Federation (1), Serbia (3), Spain (13), Switzerland (4), Türkiye (1), Ukraine (1), United States (258: California, Colorado, Delaware, Florida, Idaho, Kansas, Maryland, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, South Dakota, Texas, Utah, Virginia, Wyoming)
• Harrisonian of Canada (1: Saskatchewan), United States (23: California, Florida, Montana, Nebraska, Oregon, South Dakota, Wyoming)
• Arikareean of United States (26: California, Florida, Idaho, Montana, Nebraska, Oregon, South Dakota, Wyoming)
• Oligocene of Canada (5: Saskatchewan), United States (82: California, Colorado, Florida, Montana, Nebraska, North Carolina, North Dakota, Oregon, South Carolina, South Dakota, Washington, Wyoming)
• Eocene to Oligocene of Mexico (1)
• Eocene of Canada (8: Saskatchewan), Mexico (1), United States (46: California, Colorado, Montana, Nebraska, North Dakota, South Dakota, Texas, Wyoming)
Total: 544 collections including 659 occurrences