Gastropoda - Euomphalina - Holopeidae
Synonym: Cycloridae Miller 1889
Full reference: W. Wenz. 1938. Handbuch der Paläozoologie; Gastropoda. Handbuch der Paläozoologie 1-240
Parent taxon: Euomphaloidea according to P. Jeffery 2003
See also Bouchet et al. 2005, Golikov and Starobogatov 1975, Knight et al. 1960, Mawson et al. 2002 and Wagner 1999
Sister taxa: Anomphalidae, Elasmonematidae, Euomphalidae, Helicotomidae, Kitikamispira, Lesueurillidae, Microdomatidae, Neoplatyteichum, Nettersheimia, Omphalocirridae, Omphalocirrinae, Omphalotrochidae, Ornollus, Planitrochidae, Pseudophoridae, Pycnomphalidae, Rhenomphalus, Serpulospira, Tychobraheidae
Subtaxa: Cyclora Eopagodea Holopea Holopeinae Pachystrophia Raphistomina
Type: Holopea
Ecology: stationary epifaunal suspension feeder
Distribution:
• Triassic of United States (1: California collection)
• Permian of China (4), Thailand (1)
• Devonian of Australia (1), Canada (5: Northwest Territories, Quebec), the Czech Republic (2), Kazakhstan (3), United States (4: Alaska, Iowa, Nevada, Pennsylvania)
• Silurian of Australia (1), Canada (15: Northwest Territories, Nova Scotia, Nunavut, Ontario), China (5), the Czech Republic (8), Estonia (1), Greenland (1), Norway (1), the Russian Federation (6), Sweden (9), Ukraine (2), the United Kingdom (2), United States (40: Alaska, California, Illinois, Iowa, Maryland, Michigan and Ohio, New York, Ohio, West Virginia, Wisconsin)
• Dobrotivian of France (1), Spain (1)
• Uhaku of Estonia (2), Norway (1)
• Whiterockian of Canada (2: Newfoundland and Labrador), United States (3: California, Minnesota, Nevada)
• Chazyan of Canada (2: Quebec), United States (6: New York)
• Arenig of China (1), Greenland (1), United States (1: North Dakota)
• Ordovician of Australia (2), Canada (24: Manitoba, Nunavut, Ontario, Quebec, Québec), China (8), the Czech Republic (7), Estonia (18), Germany (1), Iran (1), Morocco (2), the Netherlands (1), New Zealand (1), North Korea (1), Norway (7), Poland (1), Spain (1), Sweden (9), the United Kingdom (8), United States (99: Alaska, California, Colorado, Illinois, Illinois, Iowa, Indiana, Iowa, Kentucky, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Montana, New York, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania and Virginia, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Wisconsin)
Total: 324 collections including 450 occurrences