Demospongiae - Ceractinomorpha
Parent taxon: Demospongea according to R. M. Finks et al. 2004
See also Rigby et al. 2008, Rigby et al. 2009, Senowbari-Daryan and Stanley 1998 and Stanley 1998
Sister taxa: Agelasida, Atrochaetetes, Bauneia, Blastochaetetes, Burgundiidae, Chaetetida, Chondrosida, Choristida, Clavaxinellida, Consinocodium, Desmacellidae, Dictyonellidae, Epipolasida, Guadalupiida, Hadromerida, Halichondrida, Haplosclerida, Hemiasterellidae, Heteroscleromorpha, Infexiostella, Janussenia, Karatubulus, Keratosa, Lithistida, Lovcenipora, Meandripetra, Metschnikowia, Myxospongiae, Operculospongia, Paraaplysinofibria, Permosphincta, Petrosina, Poecilosclerida, Polymastidae, Ptychochaetetes, Raspailiidae, Riasanospongia, Scopalinidae, Spongillina, Spongiopsammia, Stelligeridae, Tabulospongida, Tetractinellida, Tetractinomorpha, Timeidae, Trachycladidae, Vauxiidae, Verticillitida
Subtaxa: Halisarcida Medfraspongia Sigmatosclerophorida Vaceletida Verongida
Ecology: stationary epifaunal suspension feeder