Chondrichthyes - Squaliformes - Squalidae
Synonym: Spinacidae
Parent taxon: Squaliformes according to I. Feichtinger et al. 2024
See also Adnet et al. 2008, Bendix-Almgreen 1983, Biddle 1993, Bigelow 1994, Bogan et al. 2016, Casier 1946, Cassier 1966, Chapman and Pritchard 1904, Cicimurri et al. 2022, Cvancara and Hoganson 1993, Jordan 1963, Kent 2018, Kriwet 2003, Laurito 1996, Leidy 1873, Long 1992, Nelson et al. 2016, Owen 1859, Purdy et al. 2001, Straube et al. 2015, Underwood 2006 and Villafaña et al. 2020
Sister taxa: Centrophoridae, Centropterus, Dalatiidae, Dalatioidea, Eoscymnidae, Etmopteridae, Fredipristis, Oxynotidae, Paraechinorhinus, Scymnorhinidae, Somniosidae, Squalogaleus
Subtaxa: Acanthidium Acanthorhinus Atractophorus Centrophoroides Centrosqualus Cirrhigaleus Dalatiinae Entoxychirus Lepidorhinus Machephilus Megasqualus Microetmopterus Nasisqualus Paracentroscyllium Protocentrophorus Protosqualus Spinax Squalinae Squalus
Type: Squalus
Ecology: nektonic carnivore
Distribution:
• Quaternary of Japan (1 collection), the United Kingdom (1), United States (1: Oregon)
• Pliocene of United States (2: California, North Carolina)
• MN 13 of Portugal (2)
• Miocene to Pliocene of Mexico (1)
• Miocene of Argentina (2), Australia (1), Belgium (1), Costa Rica (1), Czechia (2), Denmark (1), France (2), Germany (1), Hungary (1), Japan (6), Mexico (1), the Netherlands (3), Panama (2), Portugal (1), Slovakia (2), South Africa (1), United States (6: California, Delaware, Virginia), Venezuela (1)
• Oligocene of Australia (1), Czechia (1), France (1), Germany (3), Japan (1), the Netherlands (1), United States (3: California, South Carolina), Venezuela (1)
• Eocene of Antarctica (3), Belgium (3), Chile (1), France (1), the Russian Federation (1), Ukraine (1), the United Kingdom (13), United States (3: California, Oregon, Virginia), Uzbekistan (1)
• Paleocene of Algeria (1), Austria (2), Belgium (5), Denmark (3), Morocco (2), New Zealand (2), United States (3: California, New Jersey)
• Cretaceous to Paleogene of United States (1: New Jersey)
• Cretaceous of Angola (1), Argentina (2), Belgium (6), Canada (4: Alberta, British Columbia), Chile (3), France (8), Germany (9), India (1), Israel (1), Japan (3), Lebanon (5), Lithuania (12), New Zealand (1), the Russian Federation (2), Sweden (16), Ukraine (1), the United Kingdom (45), United States (22: New Jersey, North Carolina, North Dakota, South Dakota, Texas, Wyoming)
• Triassic of France (2)
Total: 245 collections including 283 occurrences