Rhynchonellata - Spiriferida - Spiriferidae
Full reference: W. King. 1846. Remarks on certain genera belonging to the class Palliobranchiata. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, series 1 183:26-42
Parent taxon: Spiriferoidea according to A. Williams et al. 2006
See also Brunton and Champion 1974, Huxley 1869, Shen et al. 2003 and Waterhouse 2004
Sister taxa: Aulidospiridae, Choristitidae, Imbrexiidae, Reticulariacea, Spiriferellidae, Trigonotretidae
Subtaxa: Allanaria Brachythyrinae Delthyrinae Gypospiriferinae Intermedites Prospirinae Purdonellinae Sergospiriferinae Spiriferinae
Type: Spirifer
Ecology: stationary epifaunal suspension feeder
Distribution:
• Jurassic of the United Kingdom (2 collections)
• Triassic of Germany (1), Italy (2), Kazakhstan (2), New Zealand (2), United States (1: Nevada)
• Permian of Afghanistan (2), Australia (31), Austria (1), Canada (29: British Columbia, Nunavut, Yukon), Chile (1), China (27), Greenland (2), India (7), Indonesia (5), Iran (2), Italy (5), Japan (3), Laos (2), Malaysia (1), Pakistan (34), the Russian Federation (14), Slovenia (1), Svalbard and Jan Mayen (2), Tajikistan (1), United States (7: Alaska, Texas)
• Namurian of Afghanistan (1), Australia (4)
• Carboniferous to Permian of Bolivia (1)
• Carboniferous of Afghanistan (6), Australia (82), Belgium (1), Belize (4), Bosnia and Herzegovina (1), Brazil (2), Canada (120: Alberta, British Columbia, Northwest Territories, Nunavut, Yukon), China (18), Egypt (3), France (1), Germany (3), India (6), Iran (2), Ireland (4), Italy (1), Libya (5), Malaysia (3), Mexico (1), Morocco (1), Pakistan (1), Peru (4), the Russian Federation (4), Spain (1), Svalbard and Jan Mayen (2), the United Kingdom (53), United States (578: Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Georgia, Idaho, Idaho-Utah, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Mexico, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Virginia, Wyoming)
• Couvinien of Australia (1)
• Devonian of Afghanistan (8), Algeria (2), Australia (5), Belgium (3), Brazil (2), Canada (13: Alberta, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Nunavut, Ontario, Quebec), China (3), Colombia (2), the Czech Republic (4), France (9), Germany (16), Iran (3), Italy (2), Luxembourg (1), Morocco (8), New Zealand (1), Peru (1), Poland (6), the Russian Federation (2), Spain (3), Tajikistan (1), the United Kingdom (1), United States (165: Alaska, California, Colorado, Idaho, Indiana, Iowa, Maryland, Michigan, Missouri, Montana, Montana, and Wyoming, Nevada, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Virginia), Vietnam (1)
• Niagaran of United States (1: Ohio)
• Silurian to Devonian of Algeria (2), Morocco (1)
• Silurian of Australia (1), Canada (1: Nunavut), Lithuania (3), Morocco (4), United States (46: Alaska, California, Maryland, New York, West Virginia)
• Ordovician of Canada (1: Nunavut)
• Paleozoic of Chile (1)
Total: 1424 collections including 1890 occurrences