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Leptomerycidae
Taxonomy
Leptomerycidae was named by Zittel (1893).
It was reranked as the subfamily Leptomerycinae by Hay (1902), Matthew (1908) and Scott (1940).
It was assigned to Agriochoeridae by Hay (1902); to Hypertragulidae by Matthew (1908) and Scott (1940); to Tragulina by Ferrusquia-Villafranca (1969); to Traguloidea by Carroll (1988); to Traguloidea by Vislobokova (2001); to Pecora by Spaulding et al. (2009); and to Artiodactyla by Gazin (1955), Lofgren et al. (2020) and Korth et al. (2022).
It was reranked as the subfamily Leptomerycinae by Hay (1902), Matthew (1908) and Scott (1940).
It was assigned to Agriochoeridae by Hay (1902); to Hypertragulidae by Matthew (1908) and Scott (1940); to Tragulina by Ferrusquia-Villafranca (1969); to Traguloidea by Carroll (1988); to Traguloidea by Vislobokova (2001); to Pecora by Spaulding et al. (2009); and to Artiodactyla by Gazin (1955), Lofgren et al. (2020) and Korth et al. (2022).
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1893 | Leptomerycidae Zittel p. 389 |
| 1902 | Leptomerycinae Hay p. 671 |
| 1908 | Leptomerycinae Matthew p. 561 |
| 1940 | Leptomerycinae Scott p. 537 |
| 1955 | Leptomerycidae Gazin p. 80 |
| 1969 | Leptomerycidae Ferrusquia-Villafranca |
| 1988 | Leptomerycidae Carroll |
| 2001 | Leptomerycidae Vislobokova p. S134 |
| 2009 | Leptomerycidae Spaulding et al. |
| 2020 | Leptomerycidae Lofgren et al. |
| 2022 | Leptomerycidae Korth et al. |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Fm. †Leptomerycidae Zittel 1893
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G. †Hendryomeryx Black 1978
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†Hendryomeryx defordi Wilson 1974
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Invalid names: Hidrosotherium transpecoensis Wilson 1974 [synonym]
†Hendryomeryx wilsoni Black 1978
Invalid names: Hidrosotherium Wilson 1974 [synonym]
G. †Leptomeryx Leidy 1853
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†Leptomeryx antecedens Cook 1934
†Leptomeryx blacki Stock 1949
†Leptomeryx evansi Leidy 1853
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Invalid names: Leptomeryx lenis Cook 1934 [synonym], Trimerodus cedrensis Cope 1873 [synonym]
†Leptomeryx mammifer Cope 1885
†Leptomeryx significans Russell 1954
†Leptomeryx speciosus Lambe 1908
†Leptomeryx yoderi Schlaikjer 1935
Invalid names: Trimerodus Cope 1873 [synonym]
G. †Pronodens Koerner 1940
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†Pronodens silberlingi Koerner 1940
†Pronodens transmontanus Douglass 1903
G. †Pseudoparablastomeryx Frick 1937
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†Pseudoparablastomeryx francescita Frick 1937
†Pseudoparablastomeryx scotti Frick 1937
G. †Santuccimeryx Shreero et al. 2023 [tiny deer]
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†Santuccimeryx elissae Korth and Diamond 2002
Diagnosis
| Reference | Diagnosis | |
|---|---|---|
| I. A. Vislobokova 2001 | Skull with more enlarged brain- case than in archaeomerycids. Sagittal crest shorter than in archaeomerycids, lophiomerycids, and gelocids. Temporal crests fused much more posteriorly to coro- nal suture. Postorbital bar complete and forms half of frontal and half of jugal. Parietal foramen large, some- times double. Auditory bulla small, with medium-long external acoustic meatus. Stylohyoid vagina encroach- ing upon bulla with sharp lateral border. Mastoid expo- sure mainly on occipital surface. Mastoid foramen large and placed laterally. Foramen ovale slitlike, located posteriorly. Pterygoid canal present. Petrosal enlarged with ventral side sitting closer to horizontal plane than to parasagittal one; anteroventral border of petrosal laterally almost reaching the postglenoid fora- men. Promontorium well developed, as in tragulids. Fenestra vestibuli small. Stapedial muscle fossa oppo- site fenestra vestibuli. Epitympanic recess formed by petrosal, as in tragulids. Lacrimal with enlarged facial and orbital parts and with single lacrimal foramen within orbit, as in tragulids. Jugal with well-developed anterior process. Posterior opening of infraorbital canal between lacrimal and maxilla, as in tragulids. Ethmoi- dal fissure well developed. Nasals shorter than in archaeomerycids, not narrowed posteriorly. Median concavity of palate opposite posterior border of M3. Anterior opening of nasal cavity with projected anteri- orly nasals. Upper incisors absent. Lower iI enlarged, strongly procumbent. Upper canines reduced. P I absent. The p I present or lost. Odontoid process of axis
spout-like. Forelimbs much shorter than hindlimbs. Radius and ulna, tibia and fibula separate. Fibula reduced to separate proximal rudiment and malleolar bone. Manus tetradactyl. Metacarpals separate and arranged in paraxonic symmetry. Metatarsals III and IV form cannon bone with unclosed gully. Proximal splits of metatarsals II and V fused with cannon bone. Ecto- and mesocuneiforms fused. Entocuneiform separate. Astragalus of pecoran type with parallel trochleae. |