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Pycnodontiformes
Taxonomy
Pycnodontiformes was named by Berg (1937). It is not extant.
It was assigned to Holostei by Applegate (1970), Thurmond and Jones (1981), Kumar and Loyal (1987), Case and Schwimmer (1988); to Osteichthyes by Goodwin et al. (1999), Sepkoski (2002); to Halecostomi by Poyato-Ariza and Wenz (2005), Poyato-Ariza (2010), Bannikov (2014); to Neopterygii by Forey et al. (2003), Poyato-Ariza and Bermúdez-Rochas (2007), Nelson et al. (2016), Ebersole et al. (2019); to Actinopterygii by Weems (1999), Tong et al. (2019); and to Neopterygii by Long (2011), Arratia (2015), Sarr et al. (2024).
It was assigned to Holostei by Applegate (1970), Thurmond and Jones (1981), Kumar and Loyal (1987), Case and Schwimmer (1988); to Osteichthyes by Goodwin et al. (1999), Sepkoski (2002); to Halecostomi by Poyato-Ariza and Wenz (2005), Poyato-Ariza (2010), Bannikov (2014); to Neopterygii by Forey et al. (2003), Poyato-Ariza and Bermúdez-Rochas (2007), Nelson et al. (2016), Ebersole et al. (2019); to Actinopterygii by Weems (1999), Tong et al. (2019); and to Neopterygii by Long (2011), Arratia (2015), Sarr et al. (2024).
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1937 | Pycnodontiformes Berg |
| 1970 | Pycnodontiformes Applegate p. 401 |
| 1981 | Pycnodontiformes Thurmond and Jones p. 84 |
| 1987 | Pycnodontiformes Kumar and Loyal p. 68 |
| 1988 | Pycnodontiformes Case and Schwimmer p. 297 |
| 1999 | Pycnodontiformes Goodwin et al. p. 732 |
| 1999 | Pycnodontiformes Weems p. 54 |
| 2002 | Pycnodontiformes Sepkoski |
| 2003 | Pycnodontiformes Forey et al. p. 228 |
| 2005 | Pycnodontiformes Poyato-Ariza and Wenz |
| 2007 | Pycnodontiformes Poyato-Ariza and Bermúdez-Rochas |
| 2010 | Pycnodontiformes Poyato-Ariza p. 651 |
| 2011 | Pycnodontiformes Long p. 242 |
| 2014 | Pycnodontiformes Bannikov p. 25 |
| 2015 | Pycnodontiformes Arratia p. 43 |
| 2016 | Pycnodontiformes Nelson et al. p. 121 |
| 2019 | Pycnodontiformes Ebersole et al. p. 152 |
| 2019 | Pycnodontiformes Tong et al. |
| 2024 | Pycnodontiformes Sarr et al. p. 22 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Or. †Pycnodontiformes Berg 1937
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G. †Arcodonichthys Poyato-Ariza and Bermúdez-Rochas 2007
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†Arcodonichthys pasiegae Poyato-Ariza and Bermúdez-Rochas 2007
Fm. †Brembodontidae Tintori 1981
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G. †Camposichthys De Figueiredo and Silva Santos 1991
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†Camposichthys riachuelensis De Figueiredo and Silva Santos 1991
Superfm. †Coccodontoidea Berg 1940
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Fm. †Coccodontidae Berg 1940
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Fm. †Gladiopycnodontidae Taverne and Capasso 2013
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G. †Gladiopycnodus Taverne and Capasso 2013
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†Gladiopycnodus byrnei Marramà et al. 2016
†Gladiopycnodus karami Taverne and Capasso 2013
G. †Joinvillichthys Taverne and Capasso 2014
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†Joinvillichthys kriweti Taverne and Capasso 2014
†Joinvillichthys lindstroemi Davis 1890
G. †Eomesodon Woodward 1918
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†Eomesodon barnesi Woodward 1906
†Eomesodon depressus Woodward 1918
†Eomesodon hoeferi Gorjanovic-Kramberger 1905
†Eomesodon liassicus Egerton 1854
G. †Gyrodus Agassiz 1833
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†Gyrodus analis Agassiz 1834
†Gyrodus circularis Agassiz 1834
†Gyrodus conicus Dixon 1850
†Gyrodus cordillera Martill et al. 1998
†Gyrodus cretaceus Agassiz 1839
†Gyrodus cuvieri Agassiz 1833
†Gyrodus frontatus Agassiz 1834
†Gyrodus hexagonus Blainville 1818
†Gyrodus jurassicus Agassiz 1833
†Gyrodus laevior Agassiz 1839
†Gyrodus macropththalmus Agassiz 1834
†Gyrodus mammillaris Agassiz 1833
†Gyrodus mantellii Agassiz 1839
†Gyrodus milium Henry 1876
†Gyrodus minor Agassiz 1833
†Gyrodus muensteri Agassiz 1839
†Gyrodus perlatus Agassiz 1843
†Gyrodus platurus Agassiz 1833
†Gyrodus punctatissimus Agassiz 1834
†Gyrodus punctatus Agassiz 1839
†Gyrodus radiatus Agassiz 1839
†Gyrodus rhomboidalis Agassiz 1833
†Gyrodus rugosus Agassiz 1839
†Gyrodus rugulosus Agassiz 1834
†Gyrodus runcinatus Agassiz 1833
†Gyrodus trigonus Agassiz 1839
†Gyrodus umbilicus Agassiz 1833
Fm. †Mesturidae Nursall 1996
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G. †Micropycnodon Hibbard and Graffham 1945
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†Micropycnodon gaynaisensis Nursall 1999
†Micropycnodon kansasensis Hibbard and Graffham 1941
G. †Phacodus Dixon 1850
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†Phacodus irregularis Cope 1869
†Phacodus punctatus Dixon 1850
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Invalid names: Phacodus sergipensis Santos and Figueiredo 1988 [synonym]
G. †Polygyrodus
Subor. Pycnodontoidei
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G. †Apomesodon Poyato-Ariza and Wenz 2002
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†Apomesodon comosus Saint-Seine 1949
†Apomesodon gibbosus Wagner 1851
†Apomesodon surgens Poyato-Ariza and Wenz 2002
Superfm. †Pycnodontoidea
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Fm. †Pycnodontidae Agassiz 1833
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G. †Acrotemnus Agassiz 1837
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†Acrotemnus faba Agassiz 1837
†Acrotemnus streckeri Hibbard 1939
Invalid names: Macropycnodon Shimada et al. 2010 [synonym]
G. †Anomoeodus Forir 1887
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†Anomoeodus angustus Agassiz 1837
†Anomoeodus barberi Hussakof 1947
†Anomoeodus caddoi Suarez et al. 2021
†Anomoeodus latidens Gidley 1913
†Anomoeodus mississippiensis Gidley 1913
†Anomoeodus nursalli Kriwet 1999
†Anomoeodus splendidus Nessov 1985
†Anomoeodus subclavatus Agassiz 1833
†Anomoeodus willetti Woodward 1893
†Anomoeodus woodwardi Sauvage 1898
G. †Athrodon Sauvage 1880
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†Athrodon boloniensis Sauvage 1880
†Athrodon douvillei Sauvage 1880
†Athrodon intermedius Wagner 1893
G. †Coelodus Haeckel 1854
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†Coelodus bocagei Sauvage 1898
†Coelodus brownii Cope 1894
†Coelodus choffati Sauvage 1898
†Coelodus cuneiformis Sauvage 1898
†Coelodus decaturensis Gidley 1913
†Coelodus delgadoi Sauvage 1898
†Coelodus fabadens Gidley 1913
†Coelodus latus Gorjanović-Kramberger 1895
†Coelodus malwaensis Chiplonkar and Ghare 1977
†Coelodus mesorachis Heckel 1856
†Coelodus multipinnatus Gorjanović-Kramberger 1895
†Coelodus oblongus Heckel 1856
†Coelodus ovalis Gorjanović-Kramberger 1895
†Coelodus plethodon Arambourg and Joleaud 1943
†Coelodus riberoi Sauvage 1898
†Coelodus rostratus Gorjanović-Kramberger 1895
†Coelodus saturnus Haeckel 1856
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Invalid names: Coelodus rosthorni Haeckel 1854 [synonym], Coelodus suillus Haeckel 1856 [synonym]
†Coelodus stantoni Williston 1900
†Coelodus vetteri Gorjanović-Kramberger 1895
Invalid names: Anomiophthalmus Costa 1856 [synonym], Glossodus Costa 1856 [synonym]
G. †Costapycnodus Taverne et al. 2019
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†Costapycnodus costae Heckel 1856
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Invalid names: Anomiophthalmus vetustus Costa 1856 [synonym], Coelodus discus Heckel 1856 [synonym], Coelodus pyrrhurus Heckel 1856 [synonym], Glossodus angustatus Costa 1856 [synonym], Microdon simplex Costa 1864 [synonym], Pycnodus achillis Costa 1853 [synonym], Pycnodus grandis Costa 1854 [synonym], Pycnodus rotundatus Costa 1853 [synonym]
G. †Macromesodon Blake 1905
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†Macromesodon bernissartensis Traquair 1911
†Macromesodon macropterus Agassiz 1834
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Invalid names: Macromesodon daviesi Woodward 1890 [synonym], Mesodon parvus Woodward 1895 [synonym]
Subfm. †Nursalliinae Blot 1987
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G. †Abdobalistum Poyato-Ariza and Wenz 2002
G. †Neomesturus Cooper and Martill 2020
G. †Nursallia Blot 1987
G. †Palaeobalistum Blainville 1818
G. †Paranursallia Taverne et al. 2015
G. †Ocloedus Poyato-Ariza and Wenz 2002
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†Ocloedus rosadoi Silva Santos 1963
†Ocloedus subdiscus Wenz 1989
G. †Omphalodus von Meyer 1847
G. †Proscincetes Gistel 1848
Subfm. †Proscinetinae Poyato-Ariza and Wenz 2002
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G. †Neoproscinetes De Figueiredo and Silva Santos 1990
G. †Proscinetes Gistel 1848
Subfm. †Pycnodontinae Agassiz 1833
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G. †Oropycnodus Poyato-Ariza and Wenz 2002
G. †Polazzodus Poyato-Ariza 2010
G. †Pycnodus Agassiz 1833
G. †Scalacurvichthys Cawley and Kriwet 2018
G. †Tepexichthys Applegate 1992
G. †Sphaerodus Agassiz 1833
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†Sphaerodus annularis Agassiz 1839
†Sphaerodus cinctus Agassiz 1839
†Sphaerodus conicus Agassiz 1839
†Sphaerodus crassus Agassiz 1833
†Sphaerodus depressus Agassiz 1839
†Sphaerodus discus Agassiz 1839
†Sphaerodus gigas Agassiz 1833
†Sphaerodus hybridus Münster 1846
†Sphaerodus insignis Van Beneden 1871
†Sphaerodus irregularis Agassiz 1839
†Sphaerodus lens Agassiz 1839
†Sphaerodus minimus Agassiz 1833
†Sphaerodus mitrula Agassiz 1839
†Sphaerodus oculusserpentis Agassiz 1833
†Sphaerodus parvus Agassiz 1833
†Sphaerodus subannularis Münster 1846
†Sphaerodus submamillaris Münster 1846
†Sphaerodus subradiatus Münster 1846
†Sphaerodus tetragonus Münster 1846
†Sphaerodus truncatus Agassiz 1839
G. †Typodus Quenstedt 1858
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†Typodus abrasus Cragin 1894
†Typodus annulatus Quenstedt 1858
†Typodus diastemicus Cope 1894
†Typodus dumblei Cope 1892
†Typodus valens Hay 1916
Invalid names: Mesodon Wagner 1851 [replaced]
G. †Xenopholis Davis 1887
G. †Tibetodus
G. †Uranoplosus Sauvage 1879
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†Uranoplosus arctatus Cope 1894
†Uranoplosus cotteaui Sauvage 1897
†Uranoplosus flectidens Cope 1894
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available