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Kentriodontidae
Taxonomy
Kentriodontidae was named by Slijper (1936). It was considered paraphyletic by Geisler et al. (2011).
It was assigned to Odontoceti by Whitmore (1984), Carroll (1988), Benton (1993) and Geisler and Sanders (2003); to Delphinoidea by Barnes (1978), Barnes et al. (1985), Barnes (1985), Barnes (1988), de Muizon (1988), Fordyce and Barnes (1994), Fordyce et al. (1995), Ichishima et al. (1995), Dawson (1996), McKenna and Bell (1997), Rice (1998), Fordyce and de Muizon (2001), Rice (2002), Kazár et al. (2004), Gingerich (2005), Kazár (2005), Kazár (2006), Bianucci and Landini (2007), Foekens (2008), Whitmore and Kaltenbach (2008), Uhen et al. (2008), Rice (2009), Bianucci et al. (2011), Valerio and Laurito (2012), Kazár and Hampe (2014), Salinas-Marquez et al. (2014), Codrea et al. (2014), Aguirre-Fernández and Fordyce (2014) and Marx et al. (2016); to Delphinida by Goldin et al. (2011), Geisler et al. (2011), Berta (2017), Peredo et al. (2018), Kimura and Hasegawa (2019), Guo and Kohno (2021) and Aguirre-Fernández et al. (2022); and to Kentriodontoidea by Guo and Kohno (2023).
It was assigned to Odontoceti by Whitmore (1984), Carroll (1988), Benton (1993) and Geisler and Sanders (2003); to Delphinoidea by Barnes (1978), Barnes et al. (1985), Barnes (1985), Barnes (1988), de Muizon (1988), Fordyce and Barnes (1994), Fordyce et al. (1995), Ichishima et al. (1995), Dawson (1996), McKenna and Bell (1997), Rice (1998), Fordyce and de Muizon (2001), Rice (2002), Kazár et al. (2004), Gingerich (2005), Kazár (2005), Kazár (2006), Bianucci and Landini (2007), Foekens (2008), Whitmore and Kaltenbach (2008), Uhen et al. (2008), Rice (2009), Bianucci et al. (2011), Valerio and Laurito (2012), Kazár and Hampe (2014), Salinas-Marquez et al. (2014), Codrea et al. (2014), Aguirre-Fernández and Fordyce (2014) and Marx et al. (2016); to Delphinida by Goldin et al. (2011), Geisler et al. (2011), Berta (2017), Peredo et al. (2018), Kimura and Hasegawa (2019), Guo and Kohno (2021) and Aguirre-Fernández et al. (2022); and to Kentriodontoidea by Guo and Kohno (2023).
Synonyms
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Synonymy list
Year | Name and author |
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1901 | Portheus patagonicus Ameghino p. 80 |
1936 | Kentriodontidae Slijper p. 556 |
1978 | Kentriodontidae Barnes p. 3 |
1984 | Kentriodontidae Whitmore p. 230 |
1985 | Kentriodontidae Barnes p. 3 |
1985 | Kentriodontidae Barnes et al. p. 25 |
1988 | Kentriodontidae Barnes p. 8 |
1988 | Kentriodontidae Carroll |
1988 | Kentriodontidae de Muizon p. 191 |
1993 | Kentriodontidae Benton p. 762 |
1994 | Kentriodontidae Fordyce and Barnes p. 429 figs. Table 1 |
1995 | Kentriodontidae Fordyce et al. p. 379 |
1995 | Kentriodontidae Ichishima et al. p. 487 |
1996 | Kentriodontidae Dawson p. 132 figs. Table 2 |
1997 | Kentriodontidae McKenna and Bell p. 388 |
1998 | Kentriodontidae Rice |
2001 | Kentriodontidae Fordyce and de Muizon p. 179 |
2002 | Kentriodontidae Rice p. 231 figs. Table 1 |
2003 | Kentriodontidae Geisler and Sanders p. 28 |
2004 | Kentriodontidae Kazár et al. p. 179 |
2005 | Kentriodontidae Gingerich p. 237 figs. Table 15.1 |
2005 | Kentriodontidae Kazár p. 54 |
2006 | Kentriodontidae Kazár p. 276 |
2007 | Kentriodontidae Bianucci and Landini p. 45 figs. Table 2.1 |
2008 | Kentriodontidae Foekens p. 7 figs. Table 1 |
2008 | Kentriodontidae Uhen et al. p. 587 |
2008 | Kentriodontidae Whitmore and Kaltenbach p. 198 |
2009 | Kentriodontidae Rice p. 235 figs. Table 1 |
2011 | Kentriodontidae Bianucci et al. p. 568 |
2011 | Kentriodontidae Geisler et al. p. 29 figs. Figure 5 |
2011 | Kentriodontidae Goldin et al. p. 38 |
2012 | Kentriodontidae Valerio and Laurito p. 153 |
2014 | Kentriodontidae Aguirre-Fernández and Fordyce p. 195 |
2014 | Kentriodontidae Codrea et al. p. 17 |
2014 | Kentriodontidae Kazár and Hampe p. 1217 |
2014 | Kentriodontidae Salinas-Marquez et al. p. 149 |
2016 | Kentriodontidae Marx et al. p. 134 |
2017 | Kentriodontidae Berta p. 163 |
2018 | Kentriodontidae Peredo et al. p. 2 |
2019 | Kentriodontidae Kimura and Hasegawa |
2021 | Kentriodontidae Guo and Kohno p. 5 |
2022 | Kentriodontidae Aguirre-Fernández et al. p. 4 |
2023 | Kentriodontidae Guo and Kohno p. 5 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Fm. †Kentriodontidae Slijper 1936
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G. †Heterodelphis Brandt 1873
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†Heterodelphis croatica Gorjanovic-Kramberger 1892
†Heterodelphis klinderi Brandt 1873
†Heterodelphis leiodontus Papp 1905
G. †Kentriodon Kellogg 1927
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†Kentriodon diusinus Salinas-Marquez et al. 2014
†Kentriodon fuchsii Brandt 1873
†Kentriodon hobetsu Ichishima 1995
†Kentriodon hoepfneri Kazár and Hampe 2014
†Kentriodon nakajimai Kimura and Hasegawa 2019
†Kentriodon pernix Kellogg 1927
†Kentriodon schneideri Whitmore and Kaltenbach 2008
†Kentriodon sugawarai Guo and Kohno 2021
Invalid names: Grypolithax Kellogg 1931 [synonym]
Subfm. †Kentriodontinae Slijper 1936
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G. †Lamprolithax Kellogg 1931
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†Lamprolithax annectens Kellogg 1931
†Lamprolithax simulans Kellogg 1931
Subfm. †Pithanodelphininae Barnes 1985
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G. †Sophianacetus Kazár 2006
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†Sophianacetus commenticius Kazár 2005
Invalid names: Mediocris Kazár 2005 [replaced]
Invalid names: Kampholophinae Barnes 1978 [empty], Lophocetinae Barnes 1978 [empty], Portheus patagonicus Ameghino 1901 [nomen vanum]
Diagnosis
Reference | Diagnosis | |
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Z. Guo and N. Kohno 2021 | Differing from other delphinidan families and superfamilies (i.e., Delphinidae, Phocoenidae, Monodontidae, Lipotidae, and Inioidea) in displaying the following suite of derived character states: premaxillae are compressed mediolaterally at anterior part of the rostrum (Chr. 3), the mesorostral groove is constricted posteriorly, anterior to the nares and behind the level of the antorbital notch, then rapidly diverging anteriorly (Chr. 7), anterior edge of the supraorbital process is oriented anterolaterally, forming an angle between 35◦ and 60◦ (Chr. 50), the dorsolateral edge of internal opening of the infraorbital foramen is formed by the lacrimal or the jugal (Chr. 58), the infratemporal crest forms a well-defined curved ridge on the posterior edge of the sulcus for the optic nerve (Chr. 64), the premaxillary foramen is located medially (Chr. 72), the alisphenoid is broadly exposed laterally in the temporal fossa (Chr. 160), suture between both the palatines and the maxillae is straight transversely or bowed anteriorly (Chr. 179), the external auditory meatus is wide (Chr. 225), the basioccipital crests form an angle of approximately 15–40◦ in ventral view (Chr. 229), the hypoglossal foramen is separated from the jugular foramen or the jugular notch by thick bone (Chr. 231), most convex part of the pars cochlearis is on the ventrolateral surface (Chr. 283). | |
Z. Guo and N. Kohno 2023 | It has the following derived characters: the pterygoids partially con-
tacting each other in the anteroventral view (Character 183), the anterior process of periotic contact with the tympanic bulla anterior to the accessory ossicle but no clear fossa for the artic- ulation on the periotic (Character 245), the foramen singulare separated by the equal height partitions from the spiral cribiform tract and the proximal opening of the facial nerve canal (Character 264), the proximal opening of the facial nerve canal continuous with an anterior fis- sure (Character 266), and the angle between the anterior process of periotic and the anterior edge of pars cochlearis nearly 90 degrees, rectangular or semicircular pars cochlearis in ventral view (Character 277). |