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Taxonomy
Balaenomorpha was named by Geisler and Sanders (2003) [Geisler and Sanders (2003) erected Balaenomorpha as a Parvorder]. It is extant.
It was assigned to Chaeomysticeti by Geisler and Sanders (2003), Bisconti (2008), Hampe and Ritsche (2011), Geisler et al. (2011), Bisconti et al. (2013), Bisconti (2014), Bisconti and Bosselaers (2016), Marx et al. (2016), Berta (2017), Bisconti et al. (2017) and Hampe and Fahlke (2022); and to Chaeomysticeti by Bisconti and Bosselaers (2020), Bisconti et al. (2021), Bosselaers and Munsterman (2022) and Ritsche and Hampe (2023).
It was assigned to Chaeomysticeti by Geisler and Sanders (2003), Bisconti (2008), Hampe and Ritsche (2011), Geisler et al. (2011), Bisconti et al. (2013), Bisconti (2014), Bisconti and Bosselaers (2016), Marx et al. (2016), Berta (2017), Bisconti et al. (2017) and Hampe and Fahlke (2022); and to Chaeomysticeti by Bisconti and Bosselaers (2020), Bisconti et al. (2021), Bosselaers and Munsterman (2022) and Ritsche and Hampe (2023).
Subtaxa
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 2003 | Balaenomorpha Geisler and Sanders p. 27 |
| 2008 | Balaenomorpha Bisconti p. 173 |
| 2011 | Balaenomorpha Geisler et al. p. 6 figs. Table 1 |
| 2011 | Balaenomorpha Hampe and Ritsche p. 88 |
| 2013 | Balaenomorpha Bisconti et al. p. 120 |
| 2014 | Balaenomorpha Bisconti |
| 2016 | Balaenomorpha Bisconti and Bosselaers p. 451 |
| 2016 | Balaenomorpha Marx et al. p. 108 |
| 2017 | Balaenomorpha Berta p. 167 |
| 2017 | Balaenomorpha Bisconti et al. p. 7 |
| 2020 | Balaenomorpha Bisconti and Bosselaers p. 8 |
| 2021 | Balaenomorpha Bisconti et al. |
| 2022 | Balaenomorpha Bosselaers and Munsterman p. 936 |
| 2022 | Balaenomorpha Hampe and Fahlke p. 15 |
| 2023 | Balaenomorpha Ritsche and Hampe |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Unr. Balaenomorpha Geisler and Sanders 2003
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Superfm. Balaenoidea Flower 1865
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Fm. Balaenidae Gray 1821 [right whale]
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G. †Antwerpibalaena Duboys de Lavigerie et al. 2020
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†Antwerpibalaena liberatlas Duboys de Lavigerie et al. 2020
G. Balaena Linnaeus 1758 [bowhead whale]
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†Balaena arcuata Boitard 1844
†Balaena dubusi Van Beneden 1872
†Balaena larteti Van Beneden 1882
†Balaena macrocephalus Desmoulins 1822
†Balaena meneghinii Capellini 1876
†Balaena montalionis Capellini 1904
Balaena mysticetus Linnaeus 1758 [bowhead whale]
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Balaena mysticetus pittekajensis Trouessart 1904
Balaena vulgaris groenlandica Brisson 1762
Invalid names: Balaena prisca Nilsson 1847 [synonym], Balaena vulgaris Brisson 1762 [synonym]
Balaena mysticetus roysii Dall 1874
†Balaena pampaea Ameghino 1891
†Balaena ricei Westgate and Whitmore 2002
Invalid names: Balaena balsami Cornalia 1870 [nomen nudum], Balaena molassica Bronn 1837 [nomen dubium], Balaena tannenbergii Rathke 1837 [nomen dubium]
G. †Balaenotus Van Beneden 1872
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†Balaenotus insignis Van Beneden 1872
†Balaenotus lawleyi Capellini 1876
†Balaenotus orcianensis Pilleri 1987
G. †Balaenula Van Beneden 1872
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†Balaenula astensis Trevisan 1942
†Balaenula balaenopsis Van Beneden 1872
†Balaenula forsythmajori Pilleri 1987
Invalid names: Balaenula praediolensis Cuscani Politi 1961 [invalid subgroup]
G. Eubalaena Gray 1864 [right whale]
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Eubalaena australis Desmoulins 1822 [southern right whale]
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Invalid names: Balaena antarctica Lesson 1828 [synonym], Balaena antipodarum Gray 1843 [synonym]
Eubalaena glacialis Muller 1776 [North Atlantic right whale]
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†Balaena glacialis lamanoni Cuvier 1836
Eubalaena glacialis glacialis Tomlin 1957
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Invalid names: Balaena cisarctica Cope 1865 [synonym], Balaena mediterranea Gray 1870 [synonym], Macleayius britannicus Gray 1870 [synonym]
Invalid names: Balaena aleoutiensis Van Beneden 1866 [synonym], Balaena biscayensis Eschricht 1860 [synonym], Balaena islandica Brisson 1762 [synonym], Balaena mysticetus angulata Gray 1866 [synonym], Balaena nordcaper Lacépède 1804 [synonym], Balaena swedenborgi Lilljeborg 1868 [synonym], Balaena tarentina Capellini 1877 [synonym], Eubalaena sieboldii Gray 1864 [synonym], Halibalaena britannica Gray 1870 [synonym], Hunterius temminckii Gray 1864 [synonym], Macleayius australiensis Gray 1866 [synonym]
†Eubalaena ianitrix Bisconti et al. 2017
†Eubalaena shinshuensis Kimura et al. 2007
Invalid names: Halibalaena Gray 1873 [synonym], Hunterius Flower 1864 [synonym], Macleayius Gray 1864 [synonym]
G. †Idiocetus Capellini 1876
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†Idiocetus guicciardinii Capellini 1876
Invalid names: Idiocetus tsugarensis Matsumoto 1926 [nomen dubium]
Invalid names: Balaena belgica Abel 1941 [nomen dubium], Balaena dubia Bravard 1858 [nomen dubium], Balaena etrusca Capellini 1872 [nomen nudum], Balaena paronai Del Prato 1900 [nomen nudum], Balaena primigenius Van Beneden 1872 [nomen nudum], Balaeninae Flower 1867 [empty], Balaenini Gray 1825 [empty], Eucetites Ameghino 1901 [nomen dubium]
G. †Persufflatius Bosselaers and Munsterman 2022
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†Persufflatius renefraaijeni Bosselaers and Munsterman 2022
Superfm. †Thalassotherii Bisconti et al. 2013
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G. †Atlanticetus Bisconti et al. 2021
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†Atlanticetus laevi Rule et al. 2020
†Atlanticetus lavei Bisconti et al. 2021
†Atlanticetus patulus Kellogg 1968
Fm. Balaenopteridae Gray 1864 [rorqual]
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G. †Archaebalaenoptera Bisconti 2007
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†Archaebalaenoptera castriarquati Bisconti 2007
†Archaebalaenoptera eusebioi Bisconti et al. 2022
†Archaebalaenoptera liesselensis Bisconti et al. 2020
G. Balaenoptera Lacépède 1804 [rorqual]
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Balaenoptera acutorostrata Lacépède 1804 [minke whale]
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Invalid names: Balaena rostrata Fabricius 1780 [synonym], Pterobalaena minor Eschricht 1849 [synonym], Rorqualus boops Cuvier 1836 [synonym], Rorqualus minor Hamilton 1837 [synonym], Sibbaldius mondinii Capellini 1877 [synonym]
Balaenoptera borealis Lesson 1828 [sei whale]
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Balaenoptera swinhoei alba Giglioli 1870
Invalid names: Balaenoptera iwasi Gray 1846 [synonym], Balaenoptera laticeps Gray 1864 [synonym], Balaenoptera schlegeli swinhoei Gray 1866 [synonym], Sibbaldius schlegelii Gray 1864 [synonym]
Balaenoptera brydei Olsen 1913 [Bryde's whale]
†Balaenoptera cephalus Cope 1867
†Balaenoptera davidsonii Cope 1872
Balaenoptera edeni Anderson 1879 [Eden's whale]
Balaenoptera musculus Linnaeus 1758 [blue whale]
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Invalid names: Balaenoptera australis Gray 1846 [synonym], Balaenoptera brevicauda Ichihara 1966 [synonym], Balaenoptera indica Blyth 1842 [synonym], Balaenoptera intermedia Burmeister 1871 [synonym], Balaenoptera jubartes Lacépède 1804 [synonym], Balaenoptera sulfureus Cope 1869 [synonym], Cuvierius latirostris Flower 1864 [synonym], Physalus sibbaldii Gray 1847 [synonym], Sibbaldius antarcticus Burmeister 1865 [synonym], Sibbaldius sulfureus Scammon and Cope 1869 [synonym], Sibbaldus borealis Gray 1864 [synonym]
Balaenoptera omurai Wada 2003
Balaenoptera physalus Linnaeus 1758 [fin whale]
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Invalid names: Balaena antiquorum Fischer 1829 [synonym], Balaena sulcata Neill 1811 [synonym], Balaena sulcata arctica Schlegel 1841 [invalid subgroup], Balaenoptera antiquorum Gray 1846 [synonym], Balaenoptera blythi Anderson 1879 [synonym], Balaenoptera boops Linnaeus 1758 [synonym], Balaenoptera copei Elliot 1901 [synonym], Balaenoptera gibbar Lacépède 1804 [synonym], Balaenoptera patachonica Burmeister 1865 [objective synonym], Balaenoptera patachonicha tschudii Reichenbach 1846 [synonym], Balaenoptera quoyi Fisher 1829 [synonym], Balaenoptera rorqual Lacépède 1804 [synonym], Balaenoptera velifera Scammon and Cope 1869 [synonym], Benedenia knoxii Gray 1864 [synonym], Physalus brasiliensis Gray 1846 [synonym], Physalus duguidii Gray 1864 [synonym], Physalus fasciatus Gray 1850 [synonym], Physalus patachonicus Burmeister 1865 [synonym], Sibbaldius tectirostris Scammon and Cope 1869 [synonym], Sibbaldius tuberosus Scammon and Cope 1869 [synonym], Swinhoia chinensis Gray 1868 [synonym]
Balaenoptera ricei Rosel et al. 2021 [Rice's whale]
†Balaenoptera siberi Pilleri 1989
†Balaenoptera sursiplana Cope 1895
Invalid names: Balaenoptera andrejewi Anonymous 1888 [nomen nudum], Balaenoptera fasciata Gray 1846 [nomen dubium], Balaenoptera grimmi Anonymous 1888 [nomen nudum], Balaenoptera ryani Hanna and McLellan 1924 [invalid subgroup], Benedenia Gray 1864 [synonym], Cuvierius Gray 1866 [synonym], Mysticetus Wagler 1830 [synonym], Physalis Fleming 1822 [synonym], Physalus Gray 1821 [objective synonym], Pterobalaena Eschricht 1849 [synonym], Rorqualus Cuvier 1836 [synonym], Rudolphius Gray 1866 [synonym], Sibbaldus Flower 1865 [synonym], Swinhoia Gray 1868 [synonym]
Subfm. Eschrichtiinae Ellerman and Morrisson-Scott 1951 [gray whale]
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Invalid names: Eschrichtiinae Ellerman and Morrisson-Scott 1951 [empty], Eschrichtiinae Ellerman and Morrisson-Scott 1951 [empty]
G. †Incakujira Marx and Kohno 2016
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†Incakujira anillodefuego Marx and Kohno 2016
†Incakujira fordycei Kimura and Hasegawa 2024
G. †Marzanoptera Bisconti et al. 2021
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†Marzanoptera bertae Boessenecker 2013
†Marzanoptera tersillae Bisconti et al. 2021
G. Megaptera Gray 1846 [humpback whale]
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Subg. Megaptera (Eschrichtius) Gray 1864 [gray whale]
†Megaptera brachychira Cope 1868
†Megaptera hubachi Dathe 1983
†Megaptera mysticetoides Emmons 1858
Megaptera novaeangliae Brisson 1762 [humpback whale]
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Invalid names: Balaena allamack Gray 1846 [synonym], Balaena atlanticus Hurdis 1897 [synonym], Balaena boops Fabricius 1780 [synonym], Balaena lalandii Fischer 1829 [synonym], Balaena longimana Rudolphi 1832 [synonym], Balaenoptera antarctica Temminck 1841 [synonym], Balaenoptera astrolabae Pucheran 1853 [synonym], Balaenoptera capensis Smith 1835 [synonym], Balaenoptera leucopteron Lesson 1842 [synonym], Balaenoptera syncondylus Muller 1863 [synonym], Kyphobalaena keporkak Van Beneden 1868 [synonym], Megaptera americana Gray 1846 [synonym], Megaptera bellicosa Cope 1871 [synonym], Megaptera braziliensis Cope 1867 [synonym], Megaptera burmeisteri Gray 1866 [synonym], Megaptera gigas Cope 1865 [synonym], Megaptera indica Gervais 1883 [synonym], Megaptera kuzira Gray 1850 [synonym], Megaptera lalandii Gray 1864 [synonym], Megaptera longipinna Gray 1846 [synonym], Megaptera nodosa Bonnaterre 1789 [synonym], Megaptera novaezelandiae Gray 1864 [synonym], Megaptera osphyia Cope 1865 [synonym], Megaptera poeskop Gray 1846 [synonym], Megaptera versabilis Scammon and Cope 1869 [synonym], Poescopia lalandii Gray 1866 [synonym], Rorqualus antarcticus Cuvier 1836 [synonym]
Invalid names: Cyphobalaena Marschall 1873 [synonym], Kyphobalaena Eschricht [synonym], Perqualus Gray 1846 [synonym], Poescopia Gray 1864 [synonym]
G. †Miobalaenoptera Tanaka and Watanabe 2019
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†Miobalaenoptera numataensis Tanaka and Watanabe 2019
G. †Notiocetus Ameghino 1891
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†Notiocetus platensis Ameghino 1891
†Notiocetus romerianus Ameghino 1891
G. †Protororqualus Bisconti 2007
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†Balaenoptera cuvieri portisi Sacco 1890
†Protororqualus cuvieri Fischer 1829
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Invalid names: Cetotherium (Cetotheriophanes) cuvieri Brandt 1873 [synonym]
†Protororqualus dyticus Cabrera 1926
†Protororqualus wilfriedneesi Bisconti and Bosselaers 2020
Invalid names: Balaena affinis Owen 1843 [invalid subgroup], Balaena definata Owen 1843 [nomen dubium], Balaena emarginata Owen 1843 [nomen dubium], Balaena gibbosa Owen 1843 [nomen dubium], Balaenoptera borealina Van Beneden 1880 [nomen dubium], Balaenoptera garopii Van Beneden 1859 [nomen dubium], Balaenoptera musculoides Van Beneden 1880 [nomen dubium], Balaenoptera portisii Sacco 1890 [invalid subgroup], Balaenoptera rostratella Van Beneden 1880 [nomen dubium], Balaenoptera sibbaldina Van Beneden 1880 [nomen dubium], Balaenoptera taiwanica Huang 1966 [invalid subgroup], Delphinus brachyspondylus Brandt 1873 [invalid subgroup], Hadrosaurus tripos Cope 1869 [nomen dubium], Megaptera affinis Van Beneden 1880 [nomen dubium], Megapterinae Flower 1865 [empty], Megapteropsis robusta Van Beneden 1872 [nomen dubium], Palaeocetidae Seeley 1865 [synonym], Parabalaenopterinae Zeigler et al. 1997 [empty], Praemegapterinae Behrmann 1995 [empty]
Invalid names: Aglaocetidae Steeman 2007 [invalid subgroup], Diorocetidae Steeman 2007 [invalid subgroup], Pelocetidae Steeman 2007 [invalid subgroup], Plesiocetus burtinii Van Beneden 1859 [nomen dubium]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available